Effects of Snail Size and Diet on Encystment of Echinostoma caproni Cercariae in Juvenile Helisoma trivolvis (Colorado Strain) and Observations on Survival of Infected Snails

2004 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 422-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L. Ponder ◽  
Bernard Fried
Keyword(s):  
Helisoma Trivolvis ◽  
Echinostoma Caproni

Effects of temperature on survival, infectivity and in vitro encystment of the cercariae of Echinostoma caproni

2003 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Fried ◽  
E.L. Ponder
Keyword(s):  
Spring Water ◽  
Helisoma Trivolvis ◽  
Echinostoma Caproni ◽  
Maximal Life Span ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
Effects Of Aging ◽  
C 78 ◽  
Infective Period

AbstractThe effects of temperature on survival, infectivity and in vitro encystment of Echinostoma caproni cercariae in artificial spring water (ASW) were studied. Effects of aging cercariae in ASW at various temperatures showed that at 23°C cercariae achieved 50% survival in 24 h, compared to 92 h at 12°C. Cercariae aged in ASW at 28 and 37.5°C showed 50% survival at 16 and 10 h, respectively. Cercariae aged at different temperatures for various times were used to infect juvenile Helisoma trivolvis (Colorado strain) snails maintained in ASW at 23°C. Index of infectivity was based on counting encysted metacercariae in the snails at 8 to 12 h post-infection. Cercariae aged at 23, 28 and 37.5°C showed 50% encystment at 6, 8 and 4 h, respectively. Cercariae aged at 4°C showed 50% encystment in 10 h and cercariae aged at 12°C showed 50% encystment beyond 16 h. Cercariae showed maximal longevity and infectivity in snails when aged at 12°C in ASW. For E. caproni, as in other digeneans, the infective period of cercariae is markedly shorter than the maximal life-span at any given temperature. Studies on in vitro encystment of E. caproni cercariae in Locke's solution:ASW (1:1) showed that encystment was optimal at 23°C (78% encystment) and that it declined to 44% at 28°C and became almost nil (0.02%) at 12 or 37.5°C.

Forced Convection Past a Rotating Sphere: Modeling Oxygen Transport to a Pond Snail Embryo

2013 ◽  
Vol 135 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Nield ◽  
A. V. Kuznetsov
Keyword(s):  
Forced Convection ◽  
Quantitative Study ◽  
Oxygen Transport ◽  
Oxygen Transfer ◽  
Pond Snail ◽  
Gaseous Exchange ◽  
Helisoma Trivolvis ◽  
Rotating Sphere

Helisoma trivolvis pond snail embryos are known for their rotation, which is induced by beating of cilia at the embryo's surface. A common hypothesis links this behavior to enhancing oxygen transfer to the embryo's surface. In this paper, this hypothesis is quantified, and the effect of the rotation on the supply of oxygen to an embryo, which is approximately spherical in shape, is studied. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first research presenting a quantitative study on the effect of an embryo's rotation on facilitating gaseous exchange between the embryo and the environment.

Radular Kinetics During Grazing in Helisoma Trivolvis (Gastropoda: Pulmonata)

1988 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID A. SMITH
Keyword(s):  
Food Availability ◽  
Conveyor Belt ◽  
Helisoma Trivolvis ◽  
Food Transport

Three models for radular feeding in gastropod molluscs have been proposed: (1) odontophoral licking, where the radula is fixed to, and is directed by, a dynamic cartilage; (2) rope-and-pulley rasping, where the radula is dynamic and slides over a static cartilage; and (3) moving-conveyor-belt rasping, which involves independent though concurrent movements both of the radula and of the underlying cartilage. The implications of these alternative mechanical processes with regard to machine efficiency and to feeding optimality are considered. During radular feeding, individual Helisoma trivolvis (Say) employ the model which affords optimality both of food excavation and of food transport. Results showedthat the radula of this species slides over the underlying cartilage while the cartilage independently accelerates across the substrate during each effective feeding stroke. Relative velocities (of the ribbon and of the odontophoral cartilage, VR: VO) ranged from 0.67:1 to 0.92:1 and these values were positively correlated with food availability.

The genetic relationships between Echinostoma caproni, E. paraensei, and E. trivolvis as determined by electrophoresis

1995 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sloss ◽  
J. Meece ◽  
M. Romano ◽  
P. Nollen
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Relationships ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Echinostoma Caproni ◽  
Enzyme Systems

AbstractAdults of Echinostoma caproni, F. paraensei, and E. trivolvis were processed for starchgel electrophoresis. Ten enzyme systems representing 12 structural loci were examined using three different buffer systems. E. paraensei and E. caproni were found to be genetically inbred as indicated by the lack of heterozygosity in individual worms. All three taxa showed fixed differences indicating they are distinct species. Fixed differences were found between E. paraensei and E. caproni in six enzyme systems, between E. paraensei and E. trivolvis in five enzyme systems, and betweenE. trivolvis and E. caproni in five enzyme systems. Phenic relationships among the three species showed E. caproni was genetically more similar to E. trivolvis than to E. paraensei.

The transcriptome of Echinostoma caproni adults: Further characterization of the secretome and identification of new potential drug targets

2013 ◽  
Vol 89 ◽  
pp. 202-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gagan Garg ◽  
Dolores Bernal ◽  
Maria Trelis ◽  
Javier Forment ◽  
Javier Ortiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Targets ◽  
Potential Drug ◽  
Echinostoma Caproni ◽  
Potential Drug Targets

Secreted cathepsin L-like peptidases are involved in the degradation of trapped antibodies on the surface of Echinostoma caproni

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (12) ◽  
pp. 3377-3386 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Cortés ◽  
Libor Mikeš ◽  
Carla Muñoz-Antolí ◽  
María Álvarez-Izquierdo ◽  
J. Guillermo Esteban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathepsin L ◽  
Echinostoma Caproni

The effects of salinity, pH and temperature on the half-life and longevity of Echinostoma caproni miracidia

1998 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 325-330 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.M. Ford ◽  
P.M. Nollen ◽  
M.A. Romano
Keyword(s):  
Life Span ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Alkaline Solutions ◽  
Acid Solutions ◽  
Maximum Life Span ◽  
Echinostoma Caproni ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Opposite Trend ◽  
Aquarium Water ◽  
Saline Solutions

AbstractMiracidia of Echinostoma caproni were exposed to solutions varying in salinity, pH, and temperature in 1 ml concavity slides. Half-lives of the miracidial populations were determined and longevity curves constructed to find maximum life spans of the miracidia in the different conditions. Control miracidia in aquarium water at pH 7.2 and 22°C. had a half-life of 3.6 h and a maximum life span of 9 h. Miracidia of E. caproni were not very tolerant of saline solutions from 0.1% to 0.4%, the latter being lethal within an hour. A bimodal effect was found with exposure to aquarium water of varying pH, with a peak at pH 5 in acid solutions and pH 9 in alkaline solutions. Miracidia tolerated pH ranges from 3 to 11 exhibiting half-lives of 2.4 h or greater in these solutions. At lower than ambient temperatures, E. caproni miracidia lived longer, the greatest being a half-life of 5.0 h and a maximum life span of 15h at 5°C. At warmer temperatures, the half-life was reduced until lethality was reached at 40°C. ANCOVA analysis of log transformed longevity curves supported the observation that in pH trials many miracidia survived initially with a major die-off after 3.3 h. The opposite trend of early die-off and gradual mortality of the survivors was supported in the temperature trials.

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