Genetic Diversity of Cystodiscus Species in Amphibians in the Southern United States

10.1645/21-73 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 107 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Whipps ◽  
Chris T. McAllister ◽  
K. Alice Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Southern United States

High genetic diversity in the clonal aquatic weed Alternanthera philoxeroides in the United States

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Dean A. Williams ◽  
Nathan E. Harms ◽  
Ian A. Knight ◽  
Brenda J. Grewell ◽  
Caryn Joy Futrell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Haplotype Diversity ◽  
Genetic Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Alternanthera Philoxeroides ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Aquatic Weed

Abstract The distribution of genetic diversity in invasive plant populations can have important management implications. Alligatorweed [Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb.] was introduced into the United States around 1900 and has since spread throughout much of the southern United States and California. A successful biological control program was initiated in the late 1960s that reduced A. philoxeroides in the southern United States, although control has varied geographically. The degree to which variation among genotypes may be responsible for variation in control efficacy has not been well studied due to a lack of genetic data. We sampled 373 plants from 90 sites across the United States and genotyped all samples at three chloroplast regions to help inform future management efforts. Consistent with clonal spread, there was high differentiation between sites, yet we found six haplotypes and high haplotype diversity (mean h = 0.48) across states, suggesting this plant has been introduced multiple times. Two of the haplotypes correspond to previously described biotypes that differ in their susceptibility to herbicides and herbivory. The geographic distribution of the three common haplotypes varied by latitude and longitude, while the other haplotypes were widespread or localized to one or a few sites. All the haplotypes we screened are hexaploid (6n = 102), which may enhance biological control. Future studies can use these genetic data to determine whether genotypes differ in their invasiveness or respond differently to control measures. Some states, for instance, have mainly a single haplotype that may respond more uniformly to a single control strategy, whereas other states may require a variety of control strategies. These data will also provide the basis for identifying the source regions in South America, which may lead to the discovery of new biological control agents more closely matched to particular genotypes.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity and Conservation Status of Helianthus verticillatus, an Endangered Sunflower of the Southern United States

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler P. Edwards ◽  
Robert N. Trigiano ◽  
Bonnie H. Ownley ◽  
Alan S. Windham ◽  
Christopher R. Wyman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Southern United States

scholarly journals Patterns of Genetic Diversity in Highly Invasive Species: Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) Expansion in the Invaded Range of the Southern United States (US)

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rima D. Lucardi ◽  
Lisa E. Wallace ◽  
Gary N. Ervin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Invasive Species ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Southern United States ◽  
Genetic Lineage ◽  
Us States ◽  
Genetic Lineages ◽  
Genetic Diversity And Structure ◽  
Pinus Spp

The spatial expansions of invasive organisms in the novel range are generally expected to follow an isolation-by-distance relationship (IBD) if the invasion is biologically driven; however, many invasions are facilitated anthropogenically. This research focused on the extant expansion patterns of cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica). Cogongrass is a widespread invasive species throughout the southern United States (US). Patterns of infestation vary among US states. Cogongrass is pyrogenic, and its invasion threatens softwood (Pinus spp.) plantations, a substantial economic market for this US region. Over 600 individuals were sampled from seven invaded US states, using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLPs) to assess genetic diversity and population structure. We suspected that differences in historical management efforts among US states influenced differences in genetic diversity and structure. We detected two genetic lineages at the highest level of analysis. One genetic lineage was locally restricted, whereas the other was found throughout the study region. Admixed individuals were found in all US states and consistently co-occurred with the dominant lineage, suggesting that secondary contact and hybridization may have facilitated expansion. The widespread prevalence of only one of the two detected genetic lineages suggests a primary genetic lineage responsible for on-going population expansion in the US.

Genetic Diversity of Feral Honey Bee (Hymenoptera: Apidae) Populations in the Southern United States

1994 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 842-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan M. Schiff ◽  
Walter S. Sheppard ◽  
Gerald M. Loper ◽  
Hachiro Shimanuki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Southern United States
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