CLINICAL PROGRESSION OF LEPROSY IN EURASIAN RED SQUIRRELS (SCIURUS VULGARIS) IN A NATURALLY INFECTED WILD POPULATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna-Katarina Schilling ◽  
Anouk van Hooij ◽  
Peter W.W. Lurz ◽  
Darren J. Shaw ◽  
Annemieke Geluk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wild Population ◽  
Sciurus Vulgaris ◽  
Clinical Progression ◽  
Red Squirrels

Hepatozoon in Eurasian red squirrels Sciurus vulgaris, its taxonomic identity, and phylogenetic placement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Modrý ◽  
Lada Hofmannová ◽  
Petr Papežík ◽  
Karolina Majerová ◽  
Jan Votýpka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciurus Vulgaris ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Phylogenetic Placement

scholarly journals Causes of mortality and pathological lesions observed post-mortem in red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in Great Britain

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor R Simpson ◽  
Judith Hargreaves ◽  
Helen M Butler ◽  
Nicholas J Davison ◽  
David J Everest
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Sciurus Vulgaris ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Pathological Lesions ◽  
Causes Of Mortality

Squirrelpox Virus in Red Squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) in the Republic of Ireland

2013 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 1070-1073 ◽  
Author(s):  
Favel Naulty ◽  
David Everest ◽  
Neil D. Warnock ◽  
Kevin Phelan ◽  
John J. Callanan
Keyword(s):  
Sciurus Vulgaris ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Squirrelpox Virus

scholarly journals Fatal exudative dermatitis in island populations of red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris): spillover of a virulent Staphylococcus aureus clone (ST49) from reservoir hosts

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kay Fountain ◽  
Tiffany Blackett ◽  
Helen Butler ◽  
Catherine Carchedi ◽  
Anna-Katarina Schilling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Small Ruminants ◽  
Sciurus Vulgaris ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Island Populations ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Bacterial Cell Membrane ◽  
Reservoir Hosts

Fatal exudative dermatitis (FED) is a significant cause of death of red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) on the island of Jersey in the Channel Islands where it is associated with a virulent clone of Staphylococcus aureus, ST49. S. aureus ST49 has been found in other hosts such as small mammals, pigs and humans, but the dynamics of carriage and disease of this clone, or any other lineage in red squirrels, is currently unknown. We used whole-genome sequencing to characterize 228 isolates from healthy red squirrels on Jersey, the Isle of Arran (Scotland) and Brownsea Island (England), from red squirrels showing signs of FED on Jersey and the Isle of Wight (England) and a small number of isolates from other hosts. S. aureus was frequently carried by red squirrels on the Isle of Arran with strains typically associated with small ruminants predominating. For the Brownsea carriage, S. aureus was less frequent and involved strains associated with birds, small ruminants and humans, while for the Jersey carriage S. aureus was rare but ST49 predominated in diseased squirrels. By combining our data with publicly available sequences, we show that the S. aureus carriage in red squirrels largely reflects frequent but facile acquisitions of strains carried by other hosts sharing their habitat (‘spillover’), possibly including, in the case of ST188, humans. Genome-wide association analysis of the ruminant lineage ST133 revealed variants in a small number of mostly bacterial-cell-membrane-associated genes that were statistically associated with squirrel isolates from the Isle of Arran, raising the possibility of specific adaptation to red squirrels in this lineage. In contrast there is little evidence that ST49 is a common carriage isolate of red squirrels and infection from reservoir hosts such as bank voles or rats, is likely to be driving the emergence of FED in red squirrels.

A novel dicistrovirus in a captive red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Dastjerdi ◽  
David J. Everest ◽  
Hannah Davies ◽  
Daniela Denk ◽  
Roland Zell
Keyword(s):  
Genome Organization ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Mammalian Species ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Intestinal Content ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Sciurus Vulgaris ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
The Family ◽  
Generation Sequencing

Dicistroviruses are single-stranded RNA viruses in the family Dicistroviridae. The viruses have mainly been detected in arthropods and are the cause of several devastating diseases in many of these species such as honeybees. Increasingly, dicistroviruses have also been detected in both mammalian and avian species in faeces, blood and liver, but with unconfirmed pathology. Here, we report a novel dicistrovirus detected in the intestinal content of a captive red squirrel with enteritis along with the disease history, pathology and genomic characterisation of the virus. Virus particle morphology resembled those of picornaviruses with a diameter of 28–32 nm but failed to be detected using a mammalian/avian pan viral microarray. Next-generation sequencing confirmed a dicistrovirus having a typical dicistrovirus genome organization, but with the polyprotein 1 being shorter by about 100 amino acids, compared to that of other dicistroviruses. Phylogenetic analysis of ORF1 and ORF2 sequences clustered the virus with two yet unassigned dicistroviruses detected in Gorilla gorilla and a freshwater arthropod and likely to be designated to a new genus. Our data further highlights the ever-growing diversity of dicistroviruses, but the clinical significance of the virus in mammalian species and particularly red squirrels has yet to be established.

scholarly journals The spinal nerves that constitute the brachial plexus in the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris)

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (No. 8) ◽  
pp. 405-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Aydin
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Red Squirrel ◽  
Sciurus Vulgaris ◽  
Red Squirrels ◽  
Spinal Nerves

The brachial plexus in adult red squirrels (Sciurus vulgaris) was found to be formed by the rami ventralis of C5, C6, C7, C8. A thin branch of C5 and C6 constituted the cranial trunk, and the caudal trunk was formed completely by the rami ventralis of C7 and C8. Thus, in squirrels, the spinal nerves which form the brachial plexus and the joining of these spinal nerves to each other differ from other rodents and mammals.

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