A RETROSPECTIVE REVIEW OF THE CLINICAL UTILITY OF FECAL BACTERIAL ENTERIC PATHOGEN CULTURES IN MAMMALS WITHIN A ZOOLOGICAL COLLECTION AND THE USE OF FECAL CYTOLOGY FOR OPTIMIZATION OF DIAGNOSTIC TESTING

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rick Samu ◽  
Nicole I. Stacy ◽  
Geoffrey W. Pye
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Enteric Pathogen

scholarly journals How to use nasal nitric oxide in a child with suspected primary ciliary dyskinesia

2017 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 314-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kim Simpson ◽  
Malcolm Brodlie
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Older Children ◽  
Tidal Breathing ◽  
Closure Technique ◽  
Nasal Nitric Oxide ◽  
Ciliary Function ◽  
Ciliary Dyskinesia

Measuring nasal nitric oxide (nNO) is increasingly used as part of testing for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD). The diagnosis of PCD is often delayed until after bronchiectasis is established and auditory damage has occurred. It is important that all paediatricians are aware of clinical features that are suggestive of PCD that should prompt diagnostic testing. nNO levels are recognised to be low in people with PCD and results generated by static chemiluminescence analysers using velum closure technique in older children have good sensitivity and specificity. However, to conclusively rule PCD in or out, further tests of ciliary function are required and assessment of cilia ultrastructure, immunohistochemistry studies and genotyping may also be indicated. These tests are more complex, invasive and expensive than nNO. nNO is less well studied in younger children where tidal breathing measurements are required. Portable nitric oxide analysers are also increasingly used in practice. This paper discusses when to consider PCD as a possible diagnosis in a child along with the indications, physiological and technical background and clinical utility of nNO as a test for PCD in children.

scholarly journals Clinical utility and cost-effectiveness of bacterial 16S rRNA and targeted PCR based diagnostic testing in a UK microbiology laboratory network

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinesh Aggarwal ◽  
Tanmay Kanitkar ◽  
Michael Narouz ◽  
Berge S. Azadian ◽  
Luke S. P. Moore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Network

scholarly journals Beyond Diagnostic Accuracy: The Clinical Utility of Diagnostic Tests

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (12) ◽  
pp. 1636-1643 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick MM Bossuyt ◽  
Johannes B Reitsma ◽  
Kristian Linnet ◽  
Karel GM Moons
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Daily Practice ◽  
Technical Performance ◽  
Management Actions ◽  
Negative Results ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Like any other medical technology or intervention, diagnostic tests should be thoroughly evaluated before their introduction into daily practice. Increasingly, decision makers, physicians, and other users of diagnostic tests request more than simple measures of a test's analytical or technical performance and diagnostic accuracy; they would also like to see testing lead to health benefits. In this last article of our series, we introduce the notion of clinical utility, which expresses—preferably in a quantitative form—to what extent diagnostic testing improves health outcomes relative to the current best alternative, which could be some other form of testing or no testing at all. In most cases, diagnostic tests improve patient outcomes by providing information that can be used to identify patients who will benefit from helpful downstream management actions, such as effective treatment in individuals with positive test results and no treatment for those with negative results. We describe how comparative randomized clinical trials can be used to estimate clinical utility. We contrast the definition of clinical utility with that of the personal utility of tests and markers. We show how diagnostic accuracy can be linked to clinical utility through an appropriate definition of the target condition in diagnostic-accuracy studies.

Diagnosis and Management of Lateral Semicircular Canal Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

2005 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 278-284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith A. White ◽  
Kathleen D. Coale ◽  
Peter J. Catalano ◽  
John G. Oas
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Outcomes ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Semicircular Canal ◽  
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Positional Nystagmus ◽  
Lateral Semicircular Canal ◽  
Positional Vertigo ◽  
Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo

Objective: Describe the diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of a group of 20 patients with lateral semicircular canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (LSC-BPPV). Study Design and Setting: Retrospective review of 20 patients with LSC-BPPV (10 with geotropic and 10 with apogeotropic nystagmus) presenting to a tertiary balance center. Diagnosis was confirmed with infrared nystagmography in Dix-Hallpike positioning tests and supine positional tests. Patients were treated with one or more particle repositioning maneuvers. Results: Addition of supine positional nystagmus tests to Dix-Hallpike positioning testing improves sensitivity in the diagnosis of LSC-BPPV. Treatment outcomes in the apogeotropic LSC-BPPV group were poorer than the geotropic LSC-BPPV group. Significance: Adding supine positional testing to routine vestibular diagnostic testing will increase the identification of LSC-BPPV. Apogeotropic LSC-BPPV is more challenging to treat.

scholarly journals Clinical Utility of Expanded Carrier Screening: Results-Guided Actionability and Outcomes

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine Johansen Taber ◽  
Kyle A. Beauchamp ◽  
Gabriel Lazarin ◽  
Dale Muzzey ◽  
Aishwarya Arjunan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Diagnostic Testing ◽  
Carrier Screening ◽  
Limited Data ◽  
Affected Offspring ◽  
Expanded Carrier Screening ◽  
Prenatal Diagnostic ◽  
Reproductive Decision Making ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Prenatal Diagnostic Testing

Purpose: Expanded carrier screening (ECS) informs couples of their risk of having offspring affected by certain genetic conditions. Limited data exists assessing the actions and reproductive outcomes of at-risk couples (ARCs). We describe the impact of ECS on planned and actual pregnancy management in the largest sample of ARCs studied to date. Methods: Couples who elected ECS and were found to be at high risk of having a pregnancy affected by at least one of 176 genetic conditions were invited to complete a survey about their actions and pregnancy management. Results: Three hundred ninety-one ARCs completed the survey. Among those screened before becoming pregnant, 77% planned or pursued actions to avoid having affected offspring. Among those screened during pregnancy, 37% elected prenatal diagnostic testing (PNDx) for that pregnancy. In subsequent pregnancies that occurred in both the preconception and prenatal screening groups, PNDx was pursued in 29%. The decision to decline PNDx was most frequently based on the fear of procedure-related miscarriage, as well as the belief that termination would not be pursued in the event of a positive diagnosis. Conclusions: ECS results impacted couples’ reproductive decision-making and led to altered pregnancy management that effectively eliminates the risk of having affected offspring.

scholarly journals Clinical utility of combined preimplantation genetic testing methods in couples at risk of passing on beta thalassemia/hemoglobin E disease: A retrospective review from a single center

PLoS ONE ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. e0225457 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chonthicha Satirapod ◽  
Matchuporn Sukprasert ◽  
Bhakbhoom Panthan ◽  
Angkana Charoenyingwattana ◽  
Pawares Chitayanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Genetic Testing ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Clinical Utility ◽  
Beta Thalassemia ◽  
Single Center ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Preimplantation Genetic Testing ◽  
Hemoglobin E ◽  
Hemoglobin E Disease
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