THORACIC AUSCULTATION IN CAPTIVE BOTTLENOSE DOLPHINS (TURSIOPS TRUNCATUS), CALIFORNIA SEA LIONS (ZALOPHUS CALIFORNIANUS), AND SOUTH AFRICAN FUR SEALS (ARCTOCEPHALUS PUSILLUS) WITH AN ELECTRONIC STETHOSCOPE

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-274
Author(s):  
Julia Scharpegge ◽  
Manuel García Hartmann ◽  
Klaus Eulenberger
Keyword(s):  
South African ◽  
Tursiops Truncatus ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
California Sea Lions ◽  
Electronic Stethoscope ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Fur Seals

Foraging characteristics of female northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lions (Zalophus californianus)

1990 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
George A. Antonelis ◽  
Brent S. Stewart ◽  
Wayne F. Perryman
Keyword(s):  
Water Depth ◽  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
Callorhinus Ursinus ◽  
California Sea Lions ◽  
Merluccius Productus ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Northern Fur Seals ◽  
San Miguel Island ◽  
Northern Anchovy

The foraging characteristics of northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) and California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) from San Miguel Island, California, were studied during the 1985 summer breeding season. A radio transmitter was attached to 25 postpartum females of each species and used to determine their locations at sea and the frequency and duration of their feeding trips. Northern fur seals usually foraged in the oceanic zone where the mean water depth was 933 m (n = 12). California sea lions principally were found in the neritic zone, where water depth averaged 323 m (n = 9). Most fur seals (92%) were found northwest of San Miguel Island, whereas the sea lions were commonly found to the northwest (55%) or in areas south (22%) of the island. Although both species evidently foraged at similar distances from the island, foraging trips of fur seals [Formula: see text] were over twice as long as those of sea lions [Formula: see text]. Fur seals were ashore less time [Formula: see text] than were sea lions [Formula: see text] between foraging trips. Analysis of scats revealed that fur seals and sea lions ate similar prey (northern anchovy, Engraulis mordax; Pacific whiting, Merluccius productus; juvenile rockfish, Sebastes spp.; market squid, Loligo opalescens; and nail squid, Onychoteuthis borealijaponicas), although the relative proportions of these prey differed. Factors influencing the observed foraging characteristics probably were availability of prey and phylogenetic constraints associated with life-history traits of northern fur seals and California sea lions.

New polymorphic microsatellite markers for California sea lions (Zalophus californianus)

2005 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 140-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. D. HERNANDEZ-VELAZQUEZ ◽  
C. E. GALINDO-SANCHEZ ◽  
M. I. TAYLOR ◽  
J. DE LA ROSA-VELEZ ◽  
I. M. COTE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
California Sea Lions ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Polymorphic Microsatellite

Quantifying errors associated with using fecal samples to determine the diet of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus)

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1080-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J Orr ◽  
James T Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Sea Lion ◽  
California Sea Lions ◽  
California Sea Lion ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Mesh Bag ◽  
Estimate Number ◽  
Fish Otoliths

The purpose of this study was to quantify the errors associated with using fecal samples to determine the diet of the California sea lion (Zalophus californianus). Fishes and squids of known size and number were fed to five sea lions held in enclosures with seawater-filled pools. Enclosures were washed and pools were drained periodically so that sea lion feces could be collected using a 0.5 mm mesh bag. Fish otoliths and squid beaks were collected from feces and used to estimate number and size of prey eaten. An average of 50.7% (SE = 6.4%) of 430 fishes and 73.5% (SE = 12.0%) of 49 cephalopods fed to sea lions were represented by otoliths and beaks in feces, respectively. Estimated lengths of fish from feces were less than lengths of fish fed to sea lions by an average of 30.1% (SE = 2.8%). Beaks were not digested significantly; estimated lengths of squid were underestimated by an average of only 3.3% (SE = 1.5%) relative to actual lengths. Passage rates of otoliths varied, but more than 70% were recovered within 48 h after the fish was consumed. Passage rates of beaks were generally less than those of otoliths; six beaks (11%) were collected in feces 4 days after the squid were eaten. Correction factors were created to more reliably estimate the number and size of fishes and cephalopods eaten by California sea lions.

scholarly journals The Protection of Animals During Warfare

AJIL Unbound ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 111 ◽  
pp. 272-276
Author(s):  
Jérôme de Hemptinne
Keyword(s):  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Bottlenose Dolphins ◽  
Rapid Rate ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Armed Groups ◽  
Military Operations ◽  
Protected Species ◽  
California Sea Lions ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Sea Lions

In times of war, the first instinct is to relieve the suffering of human beings. Environmental and animal interests are always pushed into the background. However, warfare strongly affects natural resources, including animals, which makes animal issues a matter of great concern. Certain species have been vanishing at a rapid rate because of wars, often with disastrous effects on the food chain and on the ecological balance. Indeed, belligerents rarely take into account the adverse consequences of their military operations on animals. They even take advantage of the chaotic circumstances of war in order to poach protected species and to engage in the trafficking of expensive animal products. While generating billions of dollars each year, such poaching and trafficking allows armed groups to grow and to reinforce their authority over disputed territory. States have also trained, and continue to train, certain animals—principally marine mammals such as bottlenose dolphins and California sea lions—to perform military tasks, like ship and harbor protection, or mine detection and clearance. Millions of horses, mules, donkeys, camels, dogs, and birds are obliged to serve on various fronts (transport, logistics, or communications) and become particularly vulnerable targets.

Prevalence of Urogenital Carcinoma in Stranded California Sea Lions (Zalophus californianus) from 2005–15

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alissa C. Deming ◽  
Kathleen M. Colegrove ◽  
Padraig J. Duignan ◽  
Ailsa J. Hall ◽  
James F. X. Wellehan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
California Sea Lions ◽  
Sea Lions ◽  
Urogenital Carcinoma

scholarly journals Isolation of a novel adenovirus from California sea lions Zalophus californianus

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Goldstein ◽  
KM Colegrove ◽  
M Hanson ◽  
FMD Gulland
Keyword(s):  
Zalophus Californianus ◽  
California Sea Lions ◽  
Sea Lions
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