scholarly journals Responses of Three Wheat Genotypes to High Soil Temperature during Grain Filling

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Izzat Sidahmed Ali Tahir ◽  
Noboru Nakata ◽  
Takeshi Yamaguchi
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
High Soil ◽  
High Soil Temperature

Coping with soil and climatic hazards during crop establishment in the semi-arid tropics

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 971 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG Abrecht ◽  
KL Bristow
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Crop Establishment ◽  
High Soil ◽  
High Soil Temperature ◽  
Semi Arid

Climatic induced hazards (e.g. water deficit, high soil temperature and high soil strength) that adversely affect seedling emergence and establishment of annual crops on red earth soils (Kandsols) at Katherine in the Daly basin of the Northern Territory are reviewed and results of some recent simulation studies and experiments are presented. Simulation studies, using 100 years of historical weather data, have shown that maize and sorghum density at Katherine is rarely reduced by water deficit during crop establishment. However, the median number of days between 1 December and 20 January during which seedlings may be exposed to damagingly high soil temperature (>55�C between 2 and 7 days after sowing) was 5.5, out of an estimated 21 days suitable for sowing. While the exposure of a crop to inclement conditions during establishment may have immediate and dramatic effects on the mortality of pre-emergent and post-emergent seedlings, there may also be longer-term and less evident adverse effects on crop growth and development. The responses of developing seedlings to inclement conditions following sowing are described and management options (eg adjusting planting dates, changing crop species, changing seedbed configurations, using surface mulch) for the amelioration of the seedbed environment are discussed. Of the possible management options for ameliorating adverse seedbed conditions during crop establishment in the semi-arid tropics (SAT), it appears that the best practice is to maintain a soil surface cover (mulch) in close proximity to the emerging seedlings. The presence of surface mulch extends the window of opportunity for establishing crops by slowing soil drying, delaying the onset of high soil temperatures and high soil impedance, and by improving the availability of water to the young seedlings at this critical stage.

scholarly journals Changes in Fatty Acid Composition and Saturation in Leaves and Roots of Creeping Bentgrass Exposed to High Soil Temperature

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (6) ◽  
pp. 795-801 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaozhong Liu ◽  
Bingru Huang
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Creeping Bentgrass ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
High Soil Temperature

Previous studies found that high soil temperature is more detrimental than high air temperature for the growth of creeping bentgrass (Agrostis palustris L.). The objective of the study was to investigate changes in fatty acid composition and saturation levels in leaves and roots for creeping bentgrass exposed to high soil temperature. Shoots and roots of `Penncross' plants were subjected to a differential air/soil temperature of 20/35 °C in a growth chamber. Soil temperature was controlled at 35 °C using an immersion circulating heater in water bath. Shoot injury induced by high soil temperature was evaluated by measuring level of lipid peroxidation expressed as malonyldialdehyde (MDA) content, chlorophyll content, and photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) of leaves. MDA content increased while chlorophyll content and Fv/Fm decreased at high soil temperature. The content of total fatty acids and different species of fatty acids were analyzed in both leaves and roots. Total fatty acid content in leaves increased initially at 5 days of high soil temperature and then decreased at 15 days, while total fatty acid content in roots decreased, beginning at 5 days. Linolenic acid was the major fatty acid in leaves and linoleic acid and palmitic acid were the major fatty acids in roots of creeping bentgrass. Leaf content of all fatty acid components except oleic acid increased initially and then decreased at high soil temperature. Root content of all fatty acid components except palmitoleic acid and oleic acid decreased, beginning at 5 d of high soil temperature. Oleic acid in leaves and palmitoleic and oleic acid in roots did not change during the entire experimental period. Leaf content of saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids increased during the first 5 to 10 days of high soil temperature and decreased at 15 and 25 days, respectively. Root content of saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids decreased beginning at 5 days of high soil temperature. Double bond index decreased in both leaves and roots. High soil temperature induced changes in fatty acid composition and saturation levels in leaves and roots, and this could be associated with physiological damages in leaves even though only roots were exposed to high temperature.

Tolerance to high soil temperature in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.) is related to shoot and root growth and metabolism

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moses Kwame Aidoo ◽  
Eyal Bdolach ◽  
Aaron Fait ◽  
Naftali Lazarovitch ◽  
Shimon Rachmilevitch
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Setaria Italica ◽  
High Soil ◽  
Shoot And Root Growth ◽  
High Soil Temperature
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document