scholarly journals Seed Germination and Coleoptile Growth of New Rice Lines Adapted to Hypoxic Conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yusuke Adachi ◽  
Mei Sugiyama ◽  
Jun-Ichi Sakagami ◽  
Akari Fukuda ◽  
Masamichi Ohe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Coleoptile Growth ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions

scholarly journals Selection of phytotoxin producing rhizobacteria

2011 ◽  
Vol 83 (3) ◽  
pp. 1091-1096 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D.C. Carvalho ◽  
Denilson F. Oliveira ◽  
Vicente P. Campos ◽  
Moacir Pasqual
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Lettuce Seed ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Coleoptile Growth ◽  
Liquid Phases ◽  
Freeze Dried

In order to select phytotoxin producing rhizobacteria to control weed plants, twenty five bacterial strains previously isolated from the rhizospheres of various plants were grown in a liquid medium and, after cell removal by centrifugation, the liquid phases were freeze-dried and the products were extracted with ethyl acetate/methanol. The extracts were concentrated to dryness under vacuum and dissolved in water and sucrose solution to be submitted to in vitro assays of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) seed germination and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) coleoptile growth. Although most samples affected coleoptile growth, only those from four strains reduced lettuce seed germination. Two strains of Bacillus cereus, one strain of B. pumilus and one of Stenotrophoonas altophilia were the most promising microorganisms for producing phytotoxin and, consequently, for the development of new weed control products.

Metribuzin and Chlorsulfuron Effect on Grain of Treated Winter Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

Weed Science ◽  
1986 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 734-737 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Parent Plant ◽  
Growth Reduction ◽  
Mineral Concentration ◽  
Coleoptile Growth ◽  
Grain Yields ◽  
Mineral Accumulation

A field experiment was conducted to determine the influence of metribuzin [4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)-one] and/or chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl)benzenesulfonamide} on germination, coleoptile growth, and mineral accumulation of seed from treated parent plants. The herbicides were applied postemergence in the spring to ‘Vona’ and ‘Centurk’ winter wheat (Triticum aestivumL.). The rate of metribuzin was 360 g ai/ha, with chlorsulfuron applied at 18, 35, or 70 g/ha. Metribuzin reduced grain yields of both varieties approximately 40%, whereas chlorsulfuron at the higher rates reduced grain yields of only Vona. Seed germination was not affected by either herbicide, but metribuzin, when applied alone, reduced coleoptile growth of Vona seed. The addition of chlorsulfuron to metribuzin eliminated this growth reduction. The mineral concentration of the seed of both varieties indicated that metribuzin and chlorsulfuron did not affect mineral translocation to the seed by the parent plant.

scholarly journals NADPH Oxidase RbohD and Ethylene Signaling are Involved in Modulating Seedling Growth and Survival Under Submergence Stress

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen-Pu Hong ◽  
Mao-Chang Wang ◽  
Chin-Ying Yang
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Double Mutant ◽  
Hypoxic Stress ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Submergence Stress ◽  
Hypoxia Signaling

In higher plants under low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, the phytohormone ethylene and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) are involved in complex regulatory mechanisms in hypoxia signaling pathways. The respiratory burst oxidase homolog D (RbohD), an NADPH oxidase, is involved in the primary stages of hypoxia signaling, modulating the expression of downstream hypoxia-inducible genes under hypoxic stress. In this study, our data revealed that under normoxic conditions, seed germination was delayed in the rbohD/ein2-5 double mutant, whereas postgermination stage root growth was promoted. Under submergence, the rbohD/ein2-5 double mutant line had an inhibited root growth phenotype. Furthermore, chlorophyll content and leaf survival were reduced in the rbohD/ein2-5 double mutant compared with wild-type plants under submerged conditions. In quantitative RT-PCR analysis, the induction of Ethylene-responsive factor 73/hypoxia responsive 1 (AtERF73/HRE1) and alcohol dehydrogenase 1 (AtADH1) transcripts was lower in the rbohD/ein2-5 double mutant during hypoxic stress than in wild-type plants and in rbohD and ein2-5 mutant lines. Taken together, our results indicate that an interplay of ethylene and RbohD is involved in regulating seed germination and post-germination stages under normoxic conditions. Moreover, ethylene and RbohD are involved in modulating seedling root growth, leaf chlorophyll content, and hypoxia-inducible gene expression under hypoxic conditions.

scholarly journals Increased Oxygen Bioavailability Improved Vigor and Germination of Aged Vegetable Seeds

HortScience ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (12) ◽  
pp. 1714-1721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guodong Liu ◽  
D. Marshall Porterfield ◽  
Yuncong Li ◽  
Waldemar Klassen
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Zea Mays ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Seed Germination ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Proton Extrusion ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Aged Seeds

Large and/or aged seeds are prone to hypoxic conditions during germination. Germination of selected vegetable seeds including corn (Zea mays L.), squash (Cucurbita pepo L.), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) was studied in water with different concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution ranging from 0, 0.06% to 3.0% (v/v) or in aeroponics, all with 0.5 mm CaSO4. Imbibition, oxygen consumption, proton extrusion, and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADHase) activity of corn seeds were measured gravimetrically, electrochemically, and colorimetrically as appropriate. The results showed that 0.15% H2O2 provided the optimum oxygen concentration for seed germination. The germination percentage of aged corn seeds treated with H2O2 was significantly greater than those without H2O2 treatment. Corn embryo orientation in relation to a moist substrate also significantly impacted oxygen bioavailability to the embryo and hence ADHase activity. Corn seeds without H2O2 imbibed significantly more slowly than those with oxygen fortification by 0.15% H2O2. Increased oxygen bioavailability improved the metabolism of the seeds, which extruded 5-fold more protons from the embryos. Each treated embryo consumed twice the amount of oxygen as compared with the untreated one and likewise for treated and untreated endosperms. Increased oxygen bioavailability may be used to improve production of the tested crops. The results from this research imply that consideration should be given to including oxygen fortification in seed coatings for aged seeds and for large seeds regardless of age. The artificial provision of bioavailable oxygen might be effective in rescuing the germplasm in aged seeds in plant breeding and in crop production.

beta-Glucosidase activities and HCN liberation in unimbibed and imbibed seeds, and the induction of cocklebur seed germination by cyanogenic glycosides

1991 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohji Esashi ◽  
Shinichi Matsuyama ◽  
Hiroki Ashino ◽  
Maria Ogasawara ◽  
Ryo Hasegawa
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Cyanogenic Glycosides ◽  
Beta Glucosidase
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