scholarly journals Root Anatomical Traits and Their Possible Contribution to Drought Tolerance in Grain Legumes

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramamoorthy Purushothaman ◽  
Mainassara Zaman-Allah ◽  
Nalini Mallikarjuna ◽  
Rajaram Pannirselvam ◽  
Lakshmanan Krishnamurthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Legumes

scholarly journals Drought Stress in Grain Legumes: Effects, Tolerance Mechanisms and Management

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2374
Author(s):  
Marium Khatun ◽  
Sumi Sarkar ◽  
Farzana Mustafa Era ◽  
A. K. M. Mominul Islam ◽  
Md. Parvez Anwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Stomatal Closure ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Developmental Cycle ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Tolerance Mechanisms ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Grain legumes are important sources of proteins, essential micronutrients and vitamins and for human nutrition. Climate change, including drought, is a severe threat to grain legume production throughout the world. In this review, the morpho-physiological, physio-biochemical and molecular levels of drought stress in legumes are described. Moreover, different tolerance mechanisms, such as the morphological, physio-biochemical and molecular mechanisms of legumes, are also reviewed. Moreover, various management approaches for mitigating the drought stress effects in grain legumes are assessed. Reduced leaf area, shoot and root growth, chlorophyll content, stomatal conductance, CO2 influx, nutrient uptake and translocation, and water-use efficiency (WUE) ultimately affect legume yields. The yield loss of grain legumes varies from species to species, even variety to variety within a species, depending upon the severity of drought stress and several other factors, such as phenology, soil textures and agro-climatic conditions. Closure of stomata leads to an increase in leaf temperature by reducing the transpiration rate, and, so, the legume plant faces another stress under drought stress. The biosynthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is the most detrimental effect of drought stress. Legumes can adapt to the drought stress by changing their morphology, physiology and molecular mechanism. Improved root system architecture (RSA), reduced number and size of leaves, stress-induced phytohormone, stomatal closure, antioxidant defense system, solute accumulation (e.g., proline) and altered gene expression play a crucial role in drought tolerance. Several agronomic, breeding both conventional and molecular, biotechnological approaches are used as management practices for developing a drought-tolerant legume without affecting crop yield. Exogenous application of plant-growth regulators (PGRs), osmoprotectants and inoculation by Rhizobacteria and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi promotes drought tolerance in legumes. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs), genomic selection (GS), marker-assisted selection (MAS), OMICS-based technology and CRISPR/Cas9 make the breeding work easy and save time in the developmental cycle to get resistant legumes. Several drought-resistant grain legumes, such as the chickpea, faba bean, common bean and pigeon pea, were developed by different institutions. Drought-tolerant transgenic legumes, for example, chickpeas, are developed by introgressing desired genes through breeding and biotechnological approaches. Several quantitative trait loci (QTLs), candidate genes occupying drought-tolerant traits, are identified from a variety of grain legumes, but not all are under proper implementation. Hence, more research should be conducted to improve the drought-tolerant traits of grain legumes for avoiding losses during drought.

Root‐omics for drought tolerance in cool‐season grain legumes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jitendra Kumar ◽  
Debjyoti Sen Gupta ◽  
Ivica Djalovic ◽  
Shiv Kumar ◽  
Kadambot H. M. Siddique
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Cool Season

scholarly journals Concentration effect of polyethylene glycol in evaluation of grain legumes for drought tolerance

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadiia Vus ◽  
Antonina Vasylenko ◽  
Vyacheslav Lutenko ◽  
Lyubov Kobyzeva ◽  
Olha Bezuhla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Osmotic Concentration ◽  
Peg 6000 ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Pea Seeds ◽  
Maximum Differentiation ◽  
Selection Of

The article covers selection of differentiating concentrations of PEG-6000 for assessing genetic resource collections of pea, chickpea and lentil. The germinability of 4 accessions of each crop in 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% PEG-6000 solutions was evaluated. The results showed that 25% PEG-6000 completely inhibited growth processes in all the crops; 5 and 10% PEG-6000 did not affect the germinability of lentil seeds; and the maximum differentiation was observed at an osmotic concentration of 20%. In chickpea, there were no seedlings even in 20% PEG-6000. In 15% PEG-6000, seeds of drought-tolerant accessions UD0500022 and Dnіprovskyi Vysokoroslyi only sprouted; and 5 and 10% solutions had the maximum differentiating effect. Pea germination in PEG-6000 solutions of different concentrations demonstrated that only one accession could germinate in 20 and 15% solutions. Two accessions gave seedlings in 10% PEG-6000, and 5% solution had almost no effect on the germinability of pea seeds.

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