scholarly journals Differences in Cadmium Accumulation and Root Morphology in Seedlings of Japanese Wheat Varieties with Distinctive Grain Cadmium Concentration

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katashi Kubo ◽  
Yoshiaki Watanabe ◽  
Hitoshi Matsunaka ◽  
Masako Seki ◽  
Masaya Fujita ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Morphology ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Grain Cadmium

scholarly journals Zinc effects on cadmium accumulation and partitioning in near-isogenic lines of durum wheat that differ in grain cadmium concentration

2005 ◽  
Vol 167 (2) ◽  
pp. 391-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan J. Hart ◽  
Ross M. Welch ◽  
Wendell A. Norvell ◽  
John M. Clarke ◽  
Leon V. Kochian
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Near Isogenic Lines ◽  
Isogenic Lines ◽  
Grain Cadmium

scholarly journals Genetic loci regulating cadmium content in rice grains

Euphytica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 217 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gareth J. Norton ◽  
Anthony Travis ◽  
Panthita Ruang-areerate ◽  
Graeme W. Nicol ◽  
Ayotunde A. Adeosun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Chromosome 9 ◽  
Chromosome 7 ◽  
Cadmium Content ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Water Treatments ◽  
Grain Cadmium

AbstractIt has been estimated that up to 90% of human exposure to cadmium is through food, and that cadmium within rice grains can be a major contributor to that dietary source. In this study genome wide association mapping was conducted on the Bengal and Assam Aus Panel (BAAP) of rice to identify quantitative trait loci and candidate genes for lowering grain cadmium. Field experiments were conducted over two years under two different irrigation systems: continually flooded and alternate wetting and drying (AWD). There was significant effects of water treatment, genotype, and genotype by water treatment interaction. Importantly, AWD increased grain cadmium, on average, by 49.6% and 108.8% in year 1 and 2 respectively. There was between 4.6 and 28 fold variation in cadmium concentration. A total of 58 QTLs were detected but no loci are clearly specific to one water regime despite approximately 20% of variation attributable to genotype by water regime interaction. A number of QTLs were consistent across most water treatments and years. These included QTLs on chromosome 7 (7.23–7.61, 8.93–9.04, and 29.12–29.14 Mbp), chromosome 5 (8.66–8.72 Mbp), and chromosome 9 (11.46–11.64 Mbp). Further analysis of the loci on chromosome 7 (8.93–9.04 Mbp), identified the candidate gene OsNRAMP1, where cultivars with a deletion upstream of the gene had higher concentrations of cadmium compared to the cultivars that did not have the deletion. The distribution of alleles within the BAAP suggest this QTL is easily detected in this population because it is composed of aus cultivars. Local genome cluster analysis suggest high Cd alleles are uncommon, but should be avoided in breeding.

scholarly journals Concentration-Dependent Antioxidant/Pro-Oxidant Activity of Ascorbic Acid in Chickens

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (6) ◽  
pp. 256-260
Author(s):  
Nadežda Berzina ◽  
Jurijs Markovs ◽  
Mirdza Apsīte ◽  
Svetlana Vasiļjeva ◽  
Galina Smirnova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Dehydroascorbic Acid ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Suppressive Effect ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Liver And Kidney

The effects of ascorbic acid supplementation on biomarkers of oxidative stress, cadmium accumulation in organs, immune system activity and kidney function in chickens were investigated. The treatment groups of chickens were fed either plain diet or diet supplemented with ascorbic acid at 100, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg for four weeks. Liver and kidney tissues were assayed for cadmium concentration, and the hepatic levels of ascorbic acid and dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA; the oxidised form), malondialdehyde, glutathione, activity of glutathione peroxidase, blood serum uric acid, creatinine, lysozyme and circulating immune complexes were measured. Supplementation with a high dose of ascorbic acid (1000 and 2000 mg/kg in the diet) caused an imbalance between pro-oxidative and antioxidative activities, and induced a suppressive effect on innate immunity. The results suggest that oxidative stress compromises renal function. We observed that ascorbic acid increased cadmium accumulation in a dose-dependent manner.

scholarly journals Root Morphology, Allometric Relations and Rhizosheath of Ancient and Modern Tetraploid Wheats (Triticum durum Desf.) in Response to Inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum T-22

Plants ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Rocco Bochicchio ◽  
Rosanna Labella ◽  
Antonella Vitti ◽  
Maria Nuzzaci ◽  
Giuseppina Logozzo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Root Traits ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Seedlings ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Use Of Resources ◽  
Allometric Relations ◽  
Root Shoot Ratio

Early root traits and allometrics of wheat are important for competition and use of resources. They are under-utilized in research and un-explored in many ancient wheats. This is especially true for the rhizosheath emerging from root-soil interactions. We investigated root morphology, root/shoot relations and the amount of rhizosheath of four tetrapoid wheat seedlings (30 days after emergence): the italian landrace Saragolle Lucana and modern varieties Creso, Simeto and Ciclope, and tested the hypothesis that inoculation with Trichoderma harzianum T-22 (T-22) enhances rhizosheath formation and affects wheat varieties differently. Overall growth of non-inoculated plants showed different patterns in wheat varieties, with Saragolle and Ciclope at the two extremes: Saragolle invests in shoot rather than root mass, and in the occupation of space with highest (p < 0.05) shoot height to the uppermost internode (5.02 cm) and length-to-mass shoot (97.8 cm g−1) and root (more than 140 m g−1) ratios. This may be interpreted as maximizing competition for light but also as a compensation for low shoot efficiency due to the lowest (p < 0.05) recorded values of optically-measured chlorophyll content index (22.8). Ciclope invests in biomass with highest shoot (0.06 g) and root (0.04 g) mass and a thicker root system (average diameter 0.34 mm vs. 0.29 in Saragolle) as well as a highest root/shoot ratio (0.95 g g−1 vs. 0.54 in Saragolle). Rhizosheath mass ranged between 22.14 times that of shoot mass in Ciclope and 43.40 in Saragolle (different for p < 0.05). Inoculation with Trichoderma increased the amount of rhizosheath from 9.4% in Ciclope to 36.1% in Simeto and modified root architecture in this variety more than in others. Ours are the first data on roots and seedling shoot traits of Saragolle Lucana and of Trichoderma inoculation effects on rhizosheath. This opens to new unreported interpretations of effects of Trichoderma inoculation on improving plant growth.

scholarly journals Natural variation in the promoter of OsHMA3 contributes to differential grain cadmium accumulation between Indica and Japonica rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao‐Lei Liu ◽  
Zhen‐Yu Gao ◽  
Lian‐Guang Shang ◽  
Chang‐Hong Yang ◽  
Ban‐Pu Ruan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Variation ◽  
Cadmium Accumulation ◽  
Japonica Rice ◽  
Grain Cadmium

scholarly journals Characterization of grain cadmium concentration in indica hybrid rice

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 523
Author(s):  
Kai WANG ◽  
Qunfeng ZHOU ◽  
Tianze YAN ◽  
Shilong XU ◽  
Longyi ZHAO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Rice ◽  
Cadmium Concentration ◽  
Indica Hybrid Rice ◽  
Grain Cadmium
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