scholarly journals Varietal Differences in Reduction of Seedling Emergence and Establishment under Reduced Soil Condition and Inoculation of Pythium spp. in Submerged Direct-seeding Rice

2016 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-172
Author(s):  
Hidehiko Tanaka ◽  
Fumio Tanaka ◽  
Nobuhiro Yamazaki
1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hans Winsa ◽  
Urban Bergsten

Direct seeding of Pinussylvestris L. is a regeneration method, with potential for development considering scarification, microsite preparation, seed invigoration, and seed quality. Three seed lots of different quality concerning seed weight, germination percent, and mean germination time were used on two sites in northern Sweden. Microsite preparation, 2 cm deep pyramidal indentations, of the mineral soil improved seedling emergence on the two sites by 48 and 62%, respectively, compared with seeding without preparation other than removal of the humus layer. Microsite preparation in combination with invigorated seed, i.e., seed incubated at 30% moisture content for 7 days at 15 °C, resulted in seedling emergence of about 85% for the highest and about 50% for the lowest seed quality at both sites. Noninvigorated seed, seeded without microsite preparation, reached about 55% for the highest and 22% at one and 43% at the other for the lowest seed quality. Without microsite preparation there was no, or a negative, effect of seed invigoration on seedling emergence. Seedling survival after the first winter improved significantly with better seed quality. Survival averaged 92 and 72% at the two sites, with frost heaving causing most mortality. Seedlings from invigorated and redried seed survived better than seedlings from untreated seed. Seedlings from the best seed quality had higher values in seedling height, about 35%, shoot length, about 60%, and needle length, about 30%, after two growing seasons than seedlings from lower seed qualities. Invigoration and microsite preparation had no effect on measured growth characteristics.


2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 33
Author(s):  
Mounir Louhaichi ◽  
Sawsan Hassan ◽  
Ali Mekki Missaoui ◽  
Serkan Ates ◽  
Steven L. Petersen ◽  
...  

Direct seeding techniques often result in unsatisfactory outcomes in rangeland rehabilitation, primarily because of low seedling emergence and poor establishment. Seed processing techniques aimed at improving seedling emergence have gained interest by pasture managers. The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined effects of bracteole removal and seeding rate on seedling emergence in seven halophytic species: Atriplex halimus, A. canescens, A. leucoclada, A. nummularia, A. lentiformis, Salsola vermiculata and Haloxylon aphyllum under semi-arid conditions in Tel Hadya (Syria). Each of these species was evaluated for seedling emergence under two seed treatments (bracteoles removed and non-removed bracteoles) with three seeding rates (10, 30 and 60 seeds per pot), in a completely randomised block design. The results showed a positive effect of seed treatment on seedling emergence for all studied species. The native A. halimus had the highest emergence percentages whereas the introduced A. mummularia, had the lowest. However, there were no significant effects of seeding rates on seedling emergence. These results showed that bracteole removal could improve germination and seedling emergence, and potentially increase the rate of establishment of the species studied. Therefore, when implementing rangeland rehabilitation projects, bracteole removal needs to be considered. The native S. vermiculata should be recommended for direct seeding in the West Asia and North Africa region given its high seedling emergence, known high palatability, nutritive value, and high auto-regeneration performance.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evans Asenso ◽  
Zhimin Wang ◽  
Jiuhao Li ◽  
Lian Hu

Abstract Why puddling? It is an important operation to minimize soil nutrient leaching and thereby increasing the availability of plant nutrients and achieving reduced soil condition. Good puddle field conditions are needed to create favorable environment for normal growth of rice plants. However, long-term effects of puddling could lead to forms of large clods in fine textured soils; resulting in negative effect on the soil characteristics, preventing seed-soil contacts and leading to decline in rice yield. This study was conducted in 2 years with treatment including; puddling the land twice with moldboard plow and pre-germinated seeds were hill-seeded with direct seeding machine (PD), puddling the land twice with rotary tiller and pre-germinated seeds were hill-seeded with direct seeding machine (RD), puddling the land twice with moldboard plow and 15-day-old seedlings were hill-transplanted with transplant machine (PT), and puddling the land twice with rotary tiller and 15-day-old seedlings were hill-transplanted with transplant machine (RT) to assess the effect of puddling, direct seeding, and mechanical transplanting on soil characteristics and rice yield. Results revealed significant improvement in the bulk density and increase in SOC, N, P and K in PD. The maximum microbial population was found in PD. Rice yield showed a higher productivity increase of 7.44 t∙ha-2 and 3.91 t∙ha-2 in 2017, and 7.85 t∙ha-2 and 3.94 t∙ha-2 in 2018 respectively for 1H and 2H (1H: 1st harvest, and 2H: 2nd harvest) in PD. Overall, PD was found to be the most suitable puddling and rice establishment approach under paddy fields for soil improvement and increasing rice yield.


2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 140-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren M. Hallett ◽  
Rachel J. Standish ◽  
Justin Jonson ◽  
Richard J. Hobbs

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Carneiro da Silva ◽  
Maiara Pilar Palmeira da Silva ◽  
Rayssa Zamith ◽  
Gustavo Galetti ◽  
Fatima Conceição Márquez Piña-Rodrigues

Abstract: Direct seeding is a technology that reduces the costs of forest restoration projects and favors species which are difficult to establish for seedlings. The seeds osmotic treatment to accelerate and standardize germination and induce tolerance to environmental stresses may favor seedling establishment in field through direct sowing and contribute to the greater efficiency of this technique. With the purpose of favor seed germination and seedling establishment under direct seeding conditions in the field, Tabebuia roseoalba osmoprimed seeds in polyethylene glycol (PEG) solution and unconditioned seeds were treated with isolated and/or combined solutions of plant growth regulators (PGR) and rooting (RTG). These seeds were submitted to germination test and evaluated for percentage germination rate, germination speed index and normal seedlings, and to seedling emergence test by direct field seeding. RTG had a toxic effect on T. roseoalba seeds. Osmoconditioning induced stress tolerance by RTG during germination and on seedling establishment. PGR treatment favors seedling emergence in field conditions and alleviates the toxicity effect caused by RTG. These treatments have great potential for use in direct sowing of T. roseoalba seeds.


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