scholarly journals Effects of Soil Types and Fertilizer Application on Mineral Contents of Wheat Grains and Flour. I. The relationship between ash content and mineral contents of grains and flour.

1996 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akiko SATO ◽  
Atsushi OYANAGI ◽  
Michihiro WADA
Keyword(s):  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Wheat Grains ◽  
The Relationship

LACTOSE-FERMENTING BACTERIA FROM THE INTESTINAL CONTENTS OF MARINE FISH

1933 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
NORMAN E. GIBBONS
Keyword(s):  
Marine Fish ◽  
Marine Fishes ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Intestinal Contents ◽  
Fermenting Bacteria ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Contaminated Waters

From 112 marine fishes examined for the presence of lactose-fermenting bacteria, 31 strains were isolated which produced acid and gas in this sugar and 3 which produced acid only.Ten strains belonged to the genus Aerobacter, 8 being Aer. aerogenes and 2 probably varieties of Aer. cloacae. Nine were soil types and the relationship of one was doubtful.Of 24 Escherichia types, 8 were faecal mammalian strains and one was doubtful. These belonged to the species Esch. coli, Esch. communior, Esch. grünthali and Bact. immobilis. One was found in a haddock taken 3 miles offshore; the others were found in fish taken in contaminated waters or near shore.Esch. coli, Esch. communior and Aer. aerogenes are not normal inhabitants of the intestinal tracts of marine fish.

scholarly journals Relationships between resource availability and elevation vary between metrics creating gradients of nutritional complexity

Oecologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 195 (1) ◽  
pp. 213-223
Author(s):  
Mark A. Lee ◽  
Grace Burger ◽  
Emma R. Green ◽  
Pepijn W. Kooij
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Nutritive Values ◽  
Animal Community ◽  
Nutritional Chemistry ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPlant and animal community composition changes at higher elevations on mountains. Plant and animal species richness generally declines with elevation, but the shape of the relationship differs between taxa. There are several proposed mechanisms, including the productivity hypotheses; that declines in available plant biomass confers fewer resources to consumers, thus supporting fewer species. We investigated resource availability as we ascended three aspects of Helvellyn mountain, UK, measuring several plant nutritive metrics, plant species richness and biomass. We observed a linear decline in plant species richness as we ascended the mountain but there was a unimodal relationship between plant biomass and elevation. Generally, the highest biomass values at mid-elevations were associated with the lowest nutritive values, except mineral contents which declined with elevation. Intra-specific and inter-specific increases in nutritive values nearer the top and bottom of the mountain indicated that physiological, phenological and compositional mechanisms may have played a role. The shape of the relationship between resource availability and elevation was different depending on the metric. Many consumers actively select or avoid plants based on their nutritive values and the abundances of consumer taxa vary in their relationships with elevation. Consideration of multiple nutritive metrics and of the nutritional requirements of the consumer may provide a greater understanding of changes to plant and animal communities at higher elevations. We propose a novel hypothesis for explaining elevational diversity gradients, which warrants further study; the ‘nutritional complexity hypothesis’, where consumer species coexist due to greater variation in the nutritional chemistry of plants.

Some aspects of fertilizer application to grassland in the Soviet Union

1968 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 197-201
Author(s):  
N. G. Andreev ◽  
E. E. Ljubimova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Wide Range

Grasslands in the Soviet Union amount to about 370 million hectares, of which some 70 million are devoted to hay, the remaining 300 million being grazed. That the wide range of climate and soil types should be reflected in the variety of grassland problems is inevitable. The present article reviews the contributions of the Timiryazev Agricultural Academy and discusses many of the problems related to the use of fertilizers on grassland in the Soviet Union.

Response of wheat to applied superphosphate; the relationship between yield increase and 'available' phosphate in the soil

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (67) ◽  
pp. 249 ◽  
Author(s):  
AN Smith ◽  
TB Spence
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Factorial Design ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Annual Rainfall ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Average Annual Rainfall ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Available Phosphate

Seventy-one trials were sown to wheat during the years 1964-66, and of these 54 were successfully harvested. They were of 5 x 2 factorial design with five levels of superphosphate and two levels of nitrogen ; there were three replications. Superphosphate increased grain yield in two thirds and nitrogen in about one sixth of the trials. The yield of grain and the increase in grain yield resulting from fertilizer application were markedly affected by seasonal conditions. Soil samples were taken from each site and analysed for pH, and for 'available' phosphate by ten extractant methods. The yield increase was correlated with superphosphate applied and 'available' phosphate in the model : -Y = bo+b1S+b2vS+b3P+b4P2+b5vSP and the highest coefficient of determination was 31.4 per cent. When pH and average annual rainfall were put into the equation -Y = bo+b1pH+b2RA+b3S+b4vS+b5P+b6P2+b7vSP the highest coefficient of determination was 54.4 per cent.

Responses of serradella and subterranean clover to phosphorus from superphosphate and Duchess rock phosphate

1985 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 902 ◽  
Author(s):  
MDA Bolland
Keyword(s):  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Sampling Time ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Herbage Yield ◽  
Seed Yields ◽  
The Relationship

The responses of yellow serradella, slender serradella and subterranean clover to phosphorus from superphosphate and an apatite rock phosphate from Duchess, north-eastern Australia, were measured in a field experiment near Esperance, W.A. Over the 16 months of the experiment, dry herbage yields depended upon the phosphorus content of dried herbage. For each sampling time, the relationship between dry herbage yield and the phosphorus content of dried herbage was similar for both fertilizers and for all three species. At each rate of fertilizer application, the amount of phosphorus absorbed by the plants from the rock phosphate was less than that from superphosphate, and this limited yield. When fertilized with superphosphate, subterranean clover absorbed less phosphorus than the serradellas for each rate of fertilizer application, and this also reduced yield. Thus less phosphorus from superphosphate was required to produce serradella than was required to produce the same weight of subterranean clover. When fertilized with rock phosphate, 1982 herbage production was in the order: yellow serradella> subterranean clover>slender serradella. 1982 seed yields were: subterranean clover>yellow serradella> slender serradella. 1 983 herbage yields were: slender serradella>yellow serradella> subterranean clover. For herbage yields, for each rate of fertilizer application, this order was also dictated by the amount of phosphorus absorbed by each of the three species.

scholarly journals A model describing the relationship between electrical conductivity and forage dry matter content

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 361-364
Author(s):  
Gilad Ashbell ◽  
Evert Evers ◽  
Ate H. Bosma
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Dry Matter Content ◽  
Alternative Method ◽  
The Relationship

The correlation between dry matter (DM) content, electrical conductivity (EC) and ash content was found to be linear in grass and alfalfa during drying. While minerals in grass and alfalfa were very stable components during drying, their concentrations and EC increase accordingly; therefore, the EC value could serve as a measurement to determine DM content. Results indicated that EC measurement in grass and alfalfa during drying was simple, accurate, fast and easily repeatable, and could serve as an alternative method for DM determination.

Studies of the skeleton of the sheep. III. The relationship between phosphorous intake and resorption and repair of the skeleton in pregnancy and lactation

1959 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Benzie ◽  
A. W. Boyne ◽  
A. C. Dalgarno ◽  
J. Duckworth ◽  
R. Hill
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Vertebrae ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Long Bones ◽  
Daily Ration ◽  
Low Phosphorus ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Phosphorus Intake ◽  
In Pregnancy

1. The ash content of the skeleton of Cheviot ewes fed a daily ration containing about 4·5 g. of phosphorus fell by 18·8% between mid-gestation and mid-lactation, and 2 months after the end of lactation the loss was fully replaced.2. In ewes fed a daily ration containing about 1·5 g. of phosphorus the loss of skeletal ash was 39·9% at mid-lactation, and this was not replaced 2 months after the end of lactation. When the phosphorus intake was raised in mid-lactation from 1·5 to 4·5 g. repair was greater but was still not complete.3. Resorption was greater in bones rich in cancellous tissue, such as the cervical vertebrae, than in those rich in compact tissue, such as the shafts of long bones, but when severe resorption took place significant losses were found in the shafts of long bones as well as in other bones.4. Whole blood inorganic phosphorus values were very low, particularly during lactation, in ewes fed on the low-phosphorus ration. When extra phosphorus was fed from mid-lactation onwards blood phosphorus values rose to normal in less than four weeks, a much more rapid recovery than that which took place in the skeleton.5. Resorption of the skeletons of ewes on both moderate and low-phosphorus rations could be detected using radiographs taken of the radius in the living animal at mid-lactation, and severe resorption found in ewes fed on the low-phosphorus ration could be distinguished readily from the milder resorption found in ewes fed on the moderate-phosphorus ration.

The relationship between evapotranspiration and growth in the wheat crop

1966 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 255 ◽  
Author(s):  
RA Fischer ◽  
GD Kohn
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Evapotranspiration Rate ◽  
Total Dry Weight ◽  
Delayed Flowering ◽  
The Relationship

In trials conducted in 1961 and 1962 at Wagga in southern New South Wales, to investigate the yield physiology of wheat, the variety Heron was grown under various cultural treatments. This paper deals with the relationship of evapotranspiration to crop growth. Vegetative growth at a given date in the spring was influenced markedly by time of sowing and fertilizer application, and to a lesser extent by sowing rate. Large differences in vegetative growth caused relatively small differences in evapotranspiration rate when soil moisture was adequate. An increase in total dry weight of 100 g/m² in early October was associated with an increase in cumulative evapotranspiration up to that time of about 0.50 in. It was concluded that although a reduced fertilizer application and reduced sowing rate (below 3b lb seed per acre) permitted higher soil moisture levels at flowering, this necessarily involved a considerable reduction in total dry weight at flowering. With delayed time of sowing, the post-flowering moisture status of the crop can be expected to deteriorate, primarily because of delayed flowering date.

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