scholarly journals Physiological and Ecological Researches on Rice Plant Grown on Well-Drained and Ill-Drained Paddy Fields. : (2) On the Degree of Root-rot Infestation and Nutrient Absorption in Rice Plant.

1956 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 161-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. KIDO ◽  
S. YANADORI ◽  
T. SATO
Keyword(s):  
Root Rot ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Nutrient Absorption ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Plant Grown

scholarly journals The relationship between the number of primary roots and yield components in rice plant grown on farmers' paddy fields. I. Analyses per hill and per plant.

1984 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
Jiro HARADA ◽  
Koou YAMAZAKI ◽  
Tomomi NAKAMOTO ◽  
Akira MIYAKE ◽  
Tai-ichiro UMEDA
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Primary Roots ◽  
Plant Grown ◽  
The Relationship

Cultivation of rice for animal feed with circulated irrigation of treated municipal wastewater for enhanced nitrogen removal: comparison of cultivation systems feeding irrigation water upward and downward

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 579-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Muramatsu ◽  
H. Ito ◽  
A. Sasaki ◽  
A. Kajihara ◽  
T. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Cultivation System ◽  
Treated Municipal Wastewater

To achieve enhanced nitrogen removal, we modified a cultivation system with circulated irrigation of treated municipal wastewater by using rice for animal feed instead of human consumption. The performance of this modified system was evaluated through a bench-scale experiment by comparing the direction of circulated irrigation (i.e. passing through paddy soil upward and downward). The modified system achieved more than three times higher nitrogen removal (3.2 g) than the system in which rice for human consumption was cultivated. The removal efficiency was higher than 99.5%, regardless of the direction of circulated irrigation. Nitrogen in the treated municipal wastewater was adsorbed by the rice plant in this cultivation system as effectively as chemical fertilizer used in normal paddy fields. Circulated irrigation increased the nitrogen released to the atmosphere, probably due to enhanced denitrification. Neither the circulation of irrigation water nor its direction affected the growth of the rice plant and the yield and quality of harvested rice. The yield of rice harvested in this system did not reach the target value in normal paddy fields. To increase this yield, a larger amount of treated wastewater should be applied to the system, considering the significant amount of nitrogen released to the atmosphere.

Assessment of a three-stage sampling strategy to investigate the spatial distribution and population density of Aphelenchoides besseyi among Oryza sativa seeds

Nematology ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-380
Author(s):  
Katsumi Togashi ◽  
Shigeru Hoshino
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Paddy Field ◽  
Rice Plant ◽  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Paddy Fields ◽  
Nematode Density ◽  
Aphelenchoides Besseyi ◽  
The Mean

AbstractThis study aimed to determine the spatial distribution patterns of Aphelenchoides besseyi among Oryza sativa seeds on panicle, plant hill, and paddy field spatial scales and to present a three-stage sampling method for estimating the mean density per seed in paddy fields. Living and dead nematodes were extracted individually from 20 seeds sampled from each of five panicles, which were sampled from each of six rice plant hills in each of eight paddy fields, where all plants had leaves exhibiting the 'white tip' symptom. Nested ANOVA indicated that A. besseyi density per seed was significantly different among the eight paddy fields, among rice plant hills in paddy fields, and among panicles in rice plant hills. The proportion of nematode-infested seeds (prevalence) increased and reached an upper limit as the mean density per seed on the panicle scale increased, whereas linear relationships were observed between nematode prevalence and the mean density on plant hill and paddy field scales. Relationships between mean density and mean crowding of nematodes per seed indicated that the nematodes exhibited clumped distribution on each of panicle, plant hill and field scales. Using these relationships, a three-stage sampling plan for estimating nematode density per seed at a specified precision level is presented.

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