Taxonomic Composition and Ecology of Green Algae (Chlorophyta and Streptophyta) in Shallow Weakly Mineralized Forest Lakes

2012 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 331-347 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. G. Korneva
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Forest Lakes

Mercury in Macroinvertebrates from Swedish Forest Lakes: Influence of Lake Type, Habitat, Life Cycle, and Food Quality

1993 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 521-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Helena Parkman ◽  
Markus Meili
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Food Quality ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Feeding Habits ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Sediment Chemistry ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Forest Lakes

Mercury concentrations in lacustrine macroinvertebrates were concurrently studied in eight remote Swedish forest lakes of differing dystrophy, acidity, and eutrophy. The aim was to assess the influence of ecological factors (taxon, habitat, and feeding habits), chemical factors (characterizing different types of lakes), and regional and climatic factors (Hg deposition and mean temperature) on the accumulation of Hg. Concentrations varied from <50 to >5000 ng Hg∙g dry weight−1. A large part of this high variability could be ascribed to differences in water and sediment chemistry, ecological niches, and species-specific seasonalities. Both taxonomic composition and Hg concentrations were highly dependent on the type of lake. Concentrations were highest in acidic dystrophic lakes and lowest in oligotrophic lakes. Mean Hg concentrations in the examined taxa within a lake differed 100-fold. Contrary to widely held views on biomagnification, the lowest concentrations among profundal chironomids were found in predators whereas the highest concentrations occurred in detritivores. Seasonal variations were negligible in some taxa but considerable in others and appeared in some taxa to be related to the life cycle. We conclude that Hg accumulation in macroinvertebrates is largely determined by feeding behaviour and food quality.

Reduced diversity and productivity of diatoms and other protists during the Early Holocene in the subarctic North Pacific

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heike H. Zimmermann ◽  
Stefan Kruse ◽  
Kathleen R. Stoof-Leichsenring ◽  
Luise Schulte ◽  
Dirk Nürnberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Shotgun Sequencing ◽  
Early Holocene ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subarctic North Pacific ◽  
Morphological Differences ◽  
Marine Protists

&lt;p&gt;Marine protists are a phylogenetically diverse group of single-celled eukaryotes that respond sensitively to changes in environmental conditions. Yet, our understanding how long-term climate variability has shaped the taxonomic composition is mostly unknown, especially of non-biomineralizing groups, such as green algae, since traditional micropaleontological studies are limited to the analysis of microfossil remains with often hardly discernable morphological differences between species (e.g. diatoms). Here we present a sedimentary ancient DNA (&lt;em&gt;sed&lt;/em&gt;aDNA) record of the marine sediment core SO201-2-12KL, which was retrieved from the eastern continental slope of Kamchatka at 2173 m water depth (N 53.992660&amp;#176;, E 162.375830&amp;#176;) and covers the past 19.9 thousand years. We applied &lt;em&gt;sed&lt;/em&gt;aDNA metabarcoding to 63 samples using a diatom-specific, short plastid marker that is part of the &lt;em&gt;rbcL&lt;/em&gt; gene. Additionally, we used metagenomic shotgun sequencing on a subset of 26 samples to investigate the overall taxonomic composition of protists. Metagenomic shotgun sequencing revealed a variety of unicellular plankton groups mostly from green algae (especially &lt;em&gt;Bathycoccus&lt;/em&gt;) and diatoms. At 11.1 cal kyr BP only single sequences assigned to green algae, diatoms and coccolithophorids could be detected. Metabarcoding showed strong variability in the richness of diatom sequence variants, which was highest during Heinrich Stadial 1 and the Younger Dryas. From about 11.4 cal kyr BP diatom taxonomic diversity strongly decreased until about 10.7 cal kyr BP. This was associated with highest taxonomic and phylogenetic turnover recorded over the past 19.9 cal kyr. Concomitant with this we recorded sequences assigned to &lt;em&gt;Skeletonema&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;subsalsum&lt;/em&gt;, a coastal diatom associated with low salinities or freshwater. Tentatively, as we wait for the confirmation by further sequencing, we suggest that the reduced protist diversity during the Early Holocene resulted from sea surface freshening, which led to a strengthened vertical stratification which could have reduced past productivity due to limited nutrient supply from deeper waters to the photic zone.&lt;/p&gt;

Algal Communities as a Biological Indicator of Stormwater Management Pond Performance and Function

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 489-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel D. Olding
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Stormwater Management ◽  
Harmful Algal Blooms ◽  
Algal Blooms ◽  
Biological Indicator ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Algal Community ◽  
Algal Communities ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Biological Communities

Abstract An investigation into phytoplankton and periphyton algal communities of two recently constructed Stormwater management ponds suggests that Stormwater impacts on biological communities are reduced during passage through the ponds, providing a degree of protection for biological communities in their receiving waters. In both ponds, disturbance effects from the incoming Stormwater on algal community richness and evenness appear to be greatest in the sediment forebay and are reduced in the main pond. However, the nature of the disturbance in the two systems can be seen to be fundamentally different from a biological perspective, with Rouge Pond functioning primarily to reduce toxins harmful to algal communities (e.g., heavy metals), and Harding Pond acting to reduce nutrients. The taxonomic composition of the two sites provides an indication of the quality of the incoming Stormwater. Rouge Pond, which contains many marine and brackish water species, receives Stormwater runoff from a major highway, while Harding Pond, containing more nutrient rich species, receives Stormwater primarily from residential properties. Despite the nutrient-rich conditions present in both ponds, nuisance blue-green algae (cyanobacte-ria) are conspicuously absent, and the ponds appear to have little potential for developing harmful algal blooms. The lack of blue-green algae can be linked to the hydraulic functioning of the ponds, suggesting that Stormwater facilities may be engineered to inhibit undesirable algal communities.

Assessment of small water bodies Sergiev Posad district on the taxonomic diversity of green, blue-green and diatom algae

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-32
Author(s):  
Alexander Viacheslavovich Gorbunov ◽  
Oleg Viacheslavovich Gorbunov ◽  
Nikita Il’ich Kochetkov ◽  
Dmitry Lvovich Nikiforov-Nikishin
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Taxonomic Diversity ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Algal Flora ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Large Species ◽  
Blue Green Algae

The purpose of the study was to determine the degree of saprobity of the artificial extension of the Vytravki riverbed (left tributary of the Dubna river) in the Sergiev Posad district of the Moscow region, based on the taxonomic composition of the pelagial and littoral algal flora. For this purpose, the systematic position of algae was determined using a number of domestic and foreign sources, as well as using the electronic database AlgaeBase. The most attention was paid to common indicator types, according to the literature data. Algological samples were taken in accordance with generally accepted methods; the main part of the samples was processed immediately after collection on site, the rest of the material was fixed with a formalin solution and Prat medium for detailed study in laboratory conditions under a microscope. According to the results of the study of hydrobiological samples, the composition of algal flora in the summer-autumn period was determined. There is a large species diversity of algae, represented by most of the divisions characteristic of the Central part of Russia. The green, diatomaceous, and blue-green algae divisions were the most represented. Maximum species diversity was observed for the genera Scenedesmus (9 species) and Pediastrum (10 species). Diatoms are the second group in terms of frequency of occurrence of species that live both in standing water and in rheophilic conditions. Blue-green algae were represented by pelagic forms, with a small frequency of occurrence. Among them, the genera Anabaena (5 species) and Microcystis (3 species) are notable for their high species diversity. The algal flora of the pond was marked divisions, dinophyceae and kropotova, typical for oligotrophic and distrophic reservoirs, indicating a high quality water environment. The established hydrochemical parameters of the reservoir were normal and were similar to the reservoirs of Central Russia at the end of the growing season, which were not exposed to anthropogenic impact.

Structure of chironomid assemblages along environmental and geographical gradients in the Bohemian Forest lakes (Central Europe): An exploratory analysis

Biologia ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 61 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Bitušík ◽  
Marek Svitok
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Variation Partitioning ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Bohemian Forest ◽  
Historical Factors ◽  
Chironomid Assemblages ◽  
Forest Lakes ◽  
The Bohemian Forest

AbstractEight glacial lakes of the Bohemian Forest (Czech Republic and Germany) were characterised by the distribution of chironomids collected as pupal exuviae. Twenty-eight taxa were identified, including some faunistically interesting species of the region. Two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) was used to classify lakes according to their taxonomic composition. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and multiple regression were used to relate the chironomid assemblages to two sets of explanatory variables: (i) local environmental variables, and (ii) broad-scale spatial variables. The TWINSPAN classified the lakes into four groups, whereas presence/absence of three taxa was indicative for this classification. The CCA of assemblage composition on environmental variables showed that chironomids respond significantly to altitude and alkalinity. The ordination of composition data on geographical variables revealed strong longitudinal gradient in chironomid distributions. Altitude and alkalinity accounted for 36.2% of the total variation, while the geographic gradient explained 20.5%. As revealed by the variation partitioning procedure, the significant effect of these variables was, in large part, independent of each other. Overall taxonomic richness appeared to be governed by altitude only. Causal ecological and historical factors underlying these results are discussed. This paper may provide a basis for hypothesis testing in future research of the Bohemian Forest lakes.

Freeze-Fracture Replication in the Ultrastructure of Blue-Green Algae

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 74-75
Author(s):  
L. V. Leak
Keyword(s):  
Cell Wall ◽  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Green Algae ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Photosynthetic Membranes ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Cell Biol ◽  
Cellular Components

Electron microscopic observations of freeze-fracture replicas of Anabaena cells obtained by the procedures described by Bullivant and Ames (J. Cell Biol., 1966) indicate that the frozen cells are fractured in many different planes. This fracturing or cleaving along various planes allows one to gain a three dimensional relation of the cellular components as a result of such a manipulation. When replicas that are obtained by the freeze-fracture method are observed in the electron microscope, cross fractures of the cell wall and membranes that comprise the photosynthetic lamellae are apparent as demonstrated in Figures 1 & 2.A large portion of the Anabaena cell is composed of undulating layers of cytoplasm that are bounded by unit membranes that comprise the photosynthetic membranes. The adjoining layers of cytoplasm are closely apposed to each other to form the photosynthetic lamellae. Occassionally the adjacent layers of cytoplasm are separated by an interspace that may vary in widths of up to several 100 mu to form intralamellar vesicles.

A Scanning Electron Microscopic Study of Pro-Vascular Cellular Morphology in Chaetophora Incressata

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 638-639
Author(s):  
A. E. Hotchkiss ◽  
A. T. Hotchkiss ◽  
R. P. Apkarian
Keyword(s):  
Green Algae ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Vascular System ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic Study ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopic ◽  
Scanning Electron

Multicellular green algae may be an ancestral form of the vascular plants. These algae exhibit cell wall structure, chlorophyll pigmentation, and physiological processes similar to those of higher plants. The presence of a vascular system which provides water, minerals, and nutrients to remote tissues in higher plants was believed unnecessary for the algae. Among the green algae, the Chaetophorales are complex highly branched forms that might require some means of nutrient transport. The Chaetophorales do possess apical meristematic groups of cells that have growth orientations suggestive of stem and root positions. Branches of Chaetophora incressata were examined by the scanning electron microscope (SEM) for ultrastructural evidence of pro-vascular transport.

Linking fish and crustacean taxonomic composition with seasonal contrasts in the soft-bottom intertidal zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Gondal ◽  
S. Iqbal ◽  
U. Atique ◽  
N. U. Saher ◽  
N. A. Qureshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Water Temperature ◽  
Fish Species ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Fish Species Composition ◽  
One Year ◽  
Sw Monsoon

Abstract The primary objective of this study was to investigate the seasonal fish and crustacean variations concerning taxonomic composition, species richness, and diversity in sandy beach habitat. For this purpose, we investigated the Sonmiani Hor lagoon area during four distinct seasons, i.e., northeast (NE) monsoon, pre-monsoon, south-west (SW) monsoon, and post-monsoon for one year. During each haul, the net was pulled about 100m along the beach in 0.5m depth. The results showed a strong linear correlation between the diversity index and equitability in fishes (r = 0.978). The diversity index was strong negatively correlated with the abundance and biomass (r = -0.978, -0.972, respectively). The physical attributes like sea surface water temperature and salinity showed a strong negative effect on species assemblages (r = -0.981 and -0.943, respectively). The mean air and water temperature illustrated approximately 3°C difference during NE and pre-monsoon seasons. However, salinity, pH, and electrical conductivity did not show any significant seasonal variabilities. Under the ecological indices, the fish species displayed higher diversity (H’ = 3.19) during SW monsoon, whereas the lowest diversity was observed during pre-monsoon (H’ = 1.58). The equitability and species richness, however, remained more noticeable during SW monsoon (J’ = 0.81). The total number of individuals of fish and crustaceans reached 4799 with 3813 fish individuals and 986 individuals of crustaceans. A total of 27 families of fish while five crustacean families comprising of 30 genera and 38 fish species while ten genera and 17 species of crustaceans were recorded. Liza subviridis displayed the highest abundance among the sampled fish species. In conclusion, fish species constituted a significant part of the coastal fauna in the study area. The seasonal variations displayed distinct variations in fish species composition and diversity.

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