scholarly journals Bidirectional Heuristic Search Reconsidered

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 283-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kaindl ◽  
G. Kainz
Keyword(s):  
Heuristic Search ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Empirical Results ◽  
Limited Memory ◽  
New Approaches ◽  
Bidirectional Search ◽  
Long Time

The assessment of bidirectional heuristic search has been incorrect since it was first published more than a quarter of a century ago. For quite a long time, this search strategy did not achieve the expected results, and there was a major misunderstanding about the reasons behind it. Although there is still wide-spread belief that bidirectional heuristic search is afflicted by the problem of search frontiers passing each other, we demonstrate that this conjecture is wrong. Based on this finding, we present both a new generic approach to bidirectional heuristic search and a new approach to dynamically improving heuristic values that is feasible in bidirectional search only. These approaches are put into perspective with both the traditional and more recently proposed approaches in order to facilitate a better overall understanding. Empirical results of experiments with our new approaches show that bidirectional heuristic search can be performed very efficiently and also with limited memory. These results suggest that bidirectional heuristic search appears to be better for solving certain difficult problems than corresponding unidirectional search. This provides some evidence for the usefulness of a search strategy that was long neglected. In summary, we show that bidirectional heuristic search is viable and consequently propose that it be reconsidered.

scholarly journals Front-to-Front Heuristic Search for Satisficing Classical Planning

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryo Kuroiwa ◽  
Alex Fukunaga
Keyword(s):  
Heuristic Search ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Heuristic Evaluation ◽  
Bidirectional Search

Although symbolic bidirectional search is successful in optimal classical planning, state-of-the-art satisficing planners do not use bidirectional search. Previous bidirectional search planners for satisficing planning behaved similarly to a trivial portfolio, which independently executes forward and backward search without the desired ``meet-in-the-middle'' behavior of bidirectional search where the forward and backward search frontiers intersect at some point relatively far from the forward and backward start states. In this paper, we propose Top-to-Top Bidirectional Search (TTBS), a new bidirectional search strategy with front-to-front heuristic evaluation. We show that TTBS strongly exhibits ``meet-in-the-middle'' behavior and can solve instances solved by neither forward nor backward search on a number of domains.

Inter-country inequality as a dynamic process and the problem of post-industrial development

2018 ◽  
pp. 5-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Grigoryev ◽  
V. A. Pavlyushina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Modern World ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Development Level ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Post Industrial

The phenomenon of economic growth is studied by economists and statisticians in various aspects for a long time. Economic theory is devoted to assessing factors of growth in the tradition of R. Solow, R. Barrow, W. Easterly and others. During the last quarter of the century, however, the institutionalists, namely D. North, D. Wallis, B. Weingast as well as D. Acemoglu and J. Robinson, have shown the complexity of the problem of development on the part of socioeconomic and political institutions. As a result, solving the problem of how economic growth affects inequality between countries has proved extremely difficult. The modern world is very diverse in terms of development level, and the article offers a new approach to the formation of the idea of stylized facts using cluster analysis. The existing statistics allows to estimate on a unified basis the level of GDP production by 174 countries of the world for 1992—2016. The article presents a structured picture of the world: the distribution of countries in seven clusters, different in levels of development. During the period under review, there was a strong per capita GDP growth in PPP in the middle of the distribution, poverty in various countries declined markedly. At the same time, in 1992—2016, the difference increased not only between rich and poor groups of countries, but also between clusters.

scholarly journals Online Social Gambling and Its Implications for the Study of Marketing Communications

2015 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 22-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Ozuem ◽  
Jason Prasad
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Marketing Communication ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Real Money ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Communication Practices

Gambling has been a part of humanity for a long time, and references to it have been found in some of the earliest dated records. Literature on the topic has been accumulating since ancient times. The advent of Internet technology along with its typical subsets provides a new approach to how gambling is conducted in postmodern times. Drawing on qualitative research and utilising a single case study strategy, this study examines online social gambling and real money gambling marketing communication practices as well as offers some insights into the development and implementation of effective marketing communication programmes. In contrast to existing studies, the paper, in part, proposes integrative and higher levels of marketing communication programmes between online social gambling and real money gambling environments.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI CONTEXT AWARE PADA SISTEM TRAVEL PLANNER BERBASIS MOBILE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Viery Darmawan ◽  
◽  
Rengga Asmara ◽  
Ira Prasetyaningrum
Keyword(s):  
Contextual Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Context Aware ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Travel Efficiency ◽  
Opening And Closing

In the era of technological advances, tourists will first seek information about the tourist object to be addressed, even tourists often don't have a destination, so they have to search one by one via the internet. In determining travel plans, it is often to see one by one the review of tourist attractions and conclude the results will take a long time, while tourists need actual and fast information to determine the travel plans. In this study, the authors take a new approach, namely by creating a mobile-based travel planner system that compiles travel plans automatically by considering contextual information related to tourist location points, whether of tourist locations during travel days, travel opening and closing hours, so that it will increase travel efficiency without having to do the research manually which takes a long time. The system can also provide travel recommendations based on visitor comments sentiment on Google Places and is equipped with a trip route that will be generated automatically. This research is useful for helping tourists plan their trip actually because of the consideration of contextual information so that it will make it easier and save tourists time.

scholarly journals New approaches of improving FDM/FFF printing technology

Mechanik ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Artur Szmidt ◽  
Anna Rębosz-Kurdek
Keyword(s):  
Printing Technology ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Feeding Mechanism ◽  
New Approaches

This article presents new approaches of increasing the efficiency of FDM/FFF printing technology through the introduction of modifications to the form of filament and to the feeding mechanism. Currently used solutions and innovativeness of proposed concepts are discussed in the paper. A new approach concerning the modification of the filament form was presented in descriptive and graphic way. Moreover, constructional solutions of individual components of the patented (patent PL 224144 B1) filament feeding mechanism including a description of its operation were proposed.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS OF SOME DIAZINE AND TRIAAZOLE DERIVATIVES FROM FURFURAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
Al-Ajely M.S ◽  
Shaban I.M
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Pathways ◽  
Heterocyclic Compounds ◽  
Growing Up ◽  
Cancer Drugs ◽  
Wide Spread ◽  
Triazole Derivatives ◽  
Long Time

The synthesis of heterocyclic compounds especially when their structure containing nitrogen ,oxygen and sulfur atoms  are growing up  due to their wide spread  in nature ,many mechanistic pathways to reach the target with nearly  negligible loss of their dose and there are numerous  me thods to derivatives their structures  There for the development in hetero cyclic synthesis will provide new metabolic pathways when these compounds  have succeeded to be used as drug ,Moreover it was known for  long time that about 95 % of cancer drugs  are heterocyclic compounds .There are also many methods found in the literature for the synthesis of both triazoles and trdiazines from different routes In this investigation furfural was used as precursor for the synthesis of some new diazine and triazole derivatives (3-11).The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR ,and    1HNMR and are  discussed.

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