Culex annulirostris (Diptera: Culicidae) Host Feeding Patterns and Japanese Encephalitis Virus Ecology in Northern Australia

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 371-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonja Hall-Mendelin ◽  
Cassie C. Jansen ◽  
Wai Yuen Cheah ◽  
Brian L. Montgomery ◽  
Roy A. Hall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Feeding Patterns ◽  
Virus Ecology ◽  
Culex Annulirostris

Isolation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus from Culex annulirostris in Australia

1997 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott A. Ritchie ◽  
Debbie Phillips ◽  
Michael Poidinger ◽  
John Mackenzie ◽  
Andrew Van Den Hurk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Culex Annulirostris

scholarly journals Review of Climate, Landscape, and Viral Genetics as Drivers of the Japanese Encephalitis Virus Ecology

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. e2208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillaume Le Flohic ◽  
Vincent Porphyre ◽  
Philippe Barbazan ◽  
Jean-Paul Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Viral Genetics ◽  
Virus Ecology

DOES 1-OCTEN-3-OL ENHANCE TRAP COLLECTIONS OF JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS MOSQUITO VECTORS IN NORTHERN AUSTRALIA?

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
ANDREW F. VAN DEN HURK ◽  
BRIAN L. MONTGOMERY ◽  
PAUL ZBOROWSKI ◽  
NIGEL W. BEEBE ◽  
R. D. COOPER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
Mosquito Vectors

scholarly journals Host-Feeding Preference and Diel Activity of Mosquito Vectors of the Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Rural Cambodia

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 376
Author(s):  
Sébastien Boyer ◽  
Benoit Durand ◽  
Sony Yean ◽  
Cécile Brengues ◽  
Pierre-Olivier Maquart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Feeding Preference ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Diel Activity ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Dog Blood

Japanese Encephalitis (JE) is the most important cause of human encephalitis in Southeast Asia, and this zoonosis is mainly transmitted from pigs to human by mosquitoes. A better understanding of the host-feeding preference of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) major vectors is crucial for identifying risk areas, defining bridge vector species and targeting adapted vector control strategies. To assess host-feeding preference of JE vectors in a rural Cambodian area where JE is known to circulate, in 2017, we implemented four sessions of mosquito trapping (March, June, September, December), during five consecutive nights, collecting four times a night (6 p.m. to 6 a.m.), and using five baited traps simultaneously, i.e., cow, chicken, pig, human, and a blank one for control. In addition, blood meals of 157 engorged females trapped at the same location were opportunistically analyzed with polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using cow, pig, human, and dog blood primers. More than 95% of the 36,709 trapped mosquitoes were potential JE vectors. These vectors were trapped in large numbers throughout the year, including during the dry season, and from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. Despite the apparent host-feeding preference of Culex vishnui, Cx. gelidus, and Cx. tritaenhyorhincus for cows, statistical analysis suggested that the primary target of these three mosquito species were pigs. Dog blood was detected in eight mosquitoes of the 157 tested, showing that mosquitoes also bite dogs, and suggesting that dogs may be used as proxy of the risk for human to get infected by JE virus.

scholarly journals Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Australia: From Known Known to Known Unknown

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 38 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew F. van den Hurk ◽  
Alyssa T. Pyke ◽  
John S. Mackenzie ◽  
Sonja Hall-Mendelin ◽  
Scott A. Ritchie
Keyword(s):  
Japanese Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Japanese Encephalitis ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Northern Australia ◽  
The Status ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Torres Strait ◽  
Transmission Cycles

Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is a major cause of neurological disease in Asia. It is a zoonotic flavivirus transmitted between water birds and/or pigs by Culex mosquitoes; humans are dead-end hosts. In 1995, JEV emerged for the first time in northern Australia causing an unprecedented outbreak in the Torres Strait. In this article, we revisit the history of JEV in Australia and describe investigations of JEV transmission cycles in the Australian context. Public health responses to the incipient outbreak included vaccination and sentinel pig surveillance programs. Virus isolation and vector competence experiments incriminated Culex annulirostris as the likely regional vector. The role this species plays in transmission cycles depends on the availability of domestic pigs as a blood source. Experimental evidence suggests that native animals are relatively poor amplifying hosts of JEV. The persistence and predominantly annual virus activity between 1995 and 2005 suggested that JEV had become endemic in the Torres Strait. However, active surveillance was discontinued at the end of 2005, so the status of JEV in northern Australia is unknown. Novel mosquito-based surveillance systems provide a means to investigate whether JEV still occurs in the Torres Strait or is no longer a risk to Australia.

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