Experimental Studies on Comparison of the Potential Vector Competence of Four Species of Culex Mosquitoes in China to Transmit West Nile Virus

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 788-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Fang Jiang ◽  
Ying-Mei Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Xia Guo ◽  
Yan-De Dong ◽  
Dan Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Potential Vector

scholarly journals Experimental Studies on Comparison of the Potential Vector Competence of Four Species ofCulexMosquitoes in China to Transmit West Nile Virus : Table 1

2010 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 788-790
Author(s):  
Shu-Fang Jiang ◽  
Ying-Mei Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Xia Guo ◽  
Yan-De Dong ◽  
Dan Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Potential Vector

scholarly journals Experimental studies on comparison of the vector competence of four Italian Culex pipiens populations for West Nile virus

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Fortuna ◽  
Maria Elena Remoli ◽  
Marco Di Luca ◽  
Francesco Severini ◽  
Luciano Toma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
West Nile

scholarly journals Epidemiology of West Nile virus in Africa: An underestimated threat

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. e0010075
Author(s):  
Giulia Mencattelli ◽  
Marie Henriette Dior Ndione ◽  
Roberto Rosà ◽  
Giovanni Marini ◽  
Cheikh Tidiane Diagne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Reference List ◽  
African Continent ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Scientific Papers ◽  
Epidemiological Pattern

Background West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus which has been posing continuous challenges to public health worldwide due to the identification of new lineages and clades and its ability to invade and establish in an increasing number of countries. Its current distribution, genetic variability, ecology, and epidemiological pattern in the African continent are only partially known despite the general consensus on the urgency to obtain such information for quantifying the actual disease burden in Africa other than to predict future threats at global scale. Methodology and principal findings References were searched in PubMed and Google Scholar electronic databases on January 21, 2020, using selected keywords, without language and date restriction. Additional manual searches of reference list were carried out. Further references have been later added accordingly to experts’ opinion. We included 153 scientific papers published between 1940 and 2021. This review highlights: (i) the co-circulation of WNV-lineages 1, 2, and 8 in the African continent; (ii) the presence of diverse WNV competent vectors in Africa, mainly belonging to the Culex genus; (iii) the lack of vector competence studies for several other mosquito species found naturally infected with WNV in Africa; (iv) the need of more competence studies to be addressed on ticks; (iv) evidence of circulation of WNV among humans, animals and vectors in at least 28 Countries; (v) the lack of knowledge on the epidemiological situation of WNV for 19 Countries and (vii) the importance of carrying out specific serological surveys in order to avoid possible bias on WNV circulation in Africa. Conclusions This study provides the state of art on WNV investigation carried out in Africa, highlighting several knowledge gaps regarding i) the current WNV distribution and genetic diversity, ii) its ecology and transmission chains including the role of different arthropods and vertebrate species as competent reservoirs, and iii) the real disease burden for humans and animals. This review highlights the needs for further research and coordinated surveillance efforts on WNV in Africa.

Vectorial Competence Potential of Culex Quinquefasciatus (Say, 1923) from the Amazon Region to Transmit West Nile Virus Isolated in Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lúcia Aline Moura Reis ◽  
Eliana Vieira Pinto da Silva ◽  
Maria Nazaré Oliveira Freitas ◽  
Rossela Damasceno Caldeira ◽  
Pedro Arthur da Silva Araújo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Transmission Rate ◽  
Amazon Region ◽  
West Nile Fever ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Potential Vector ◽  
Brazilian Strain ◽  
Vectorial Competence ◽  
Viral Titers

Abstract The West Nile virus is characterized as a neurotropic pathogen that causes the West Nile fever. It is transmitted by mosquitoes, mainly of the Culex genus. In 2018, the Evandro Chagas Institute carried out the first isolation of WNV strain from a horse brain sample and in 2021 the same institute also isolated the WNV in a pool of mosquitoes of the Culex spp. from the Carajás region (Pará). Thus, this study aimed to determine the vectorial competence of Culex quinquefasciatus from the Amazon region of Brazil for transmission the WNV Brazilian strain. Oral infection of Cx. quinquefasciatus females belonging to F1 generation was performed with infected blood with WNV. Subsequently, analysis of infection, dissemination and transmission rates was performed, as well as verification of viral titers in the samples. The study demonstrated that Cx. quinquefasciatus can act as a potential vector of WNV in Brazil, since it was found that the Brazilian strain was able to overcome the host's anatomical barriers and spread to various regions, among them in saliva, in which, despite the low viral titers identified, it had a transmission rate of 100% on the 21st day after infection.

scholarly journals Transstadial Transmission and Replication Kinetics of West Nile Virus Lineage 1 in Laboratory Reared Ixodes ricinus Ticks

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 780
Author(s):  
Cristian Răileanu ◽  
Oliver Tauchmann ◽  
Ana Vasić ◽  
Ulrike Neumann ◽  
Birke Andrea Tews ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Ixodes Ricinus ◽  
Tick Species ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
Viral Agent ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Transstadial Transmission ◽  
Kinetics Of

West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquito-borne agent that has also been isolated from several tick species. Vector competence of Ixodes ricinus, one of the most common tick species in Europe, has been poorly investigated for WNV to date. As such, to evaluate the vector competence, laboratory reared Ixodes ricinus nymphs were in vitro fed with WNV lineage 1 infectious blood, allowed to molt, and the resulting females artificially fed to study the virus transmission. Furthermore, we studied the kinetics of WNV replication in ticks after infecting nymphs using an automatic injector. Active replication of WNV was detected in injected nymphs from day 7 post-infection until 28 dpi. In the nymphs infected by artificial feeding, the transstadial transmission of WNV was confirmed molecularly in 46.7% of males, while virus transmission during in vitro feeding of I. ricinus females originating from infected nymphs was not registered. The long persistence of WNV in I. ricinus ticks did not correlate with the transmission of the virus and it is unlikely that I. ricinus represents a competent vector. However, there is a potential reservoir role that this tick species can play, with hosts potentially acquiring the viral agent after ingesting the infected ticks.

scholarly journals Insecticide resistance genes affect Culex quinquefasciatus vector competence for West Nile virus

2019 ◽  
Vol 286 (1894) ◽  
pp. 20182273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Célestine M. Atyame ◽  
Haoues Alout ◽  
Laurence Mousson ◽  
Marie Vazeille ◽  
Mawlouth Diallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Culex Quinquefasciatus ◽  
Rift Valley Fever Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Transmission Efficiency ◽  
West Nile ◽  
Valley Fever ◽  
Resistant Lines

Insecticide resistance has been reported to impact the interactions between mosquitoes and the pathogens they transmit. However, the effect on vector competence for arboviruses still remained to be investigated. We examined the influence of two insecticide resistance mechanisms on vector competence of the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus for two arboviruses, Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) and West Nile virus (WNV). Three Cx. quinquefasciatus lines sharing a common genetic background were used: two insecticide-resistant lines, one homozygous for amplification of the Ester 2 locus (SA2), the other homozygous for the acetylcholinesterase ace-1 G119S mutation (SR) and the insecticide-susceptible reference line Slab. Statistical analyses revealed no significant effect of insecticide-resistant mechanisms on vector competence for RVFV. However, both insecticide resistance mechanisms significantly influenced the outcome of WNV infections by increasing the dissemination of WNV in the mosquito body, therefore leading to an increase in transmission efficiency by resistant mosquitoes. These results showed that insecticide resistance mechanisms enhanced vector competence for WNV and may have a significant impact on transmission dynamics of arboviruses. Our findings highlight the importance of understanding the impacts of insecticide resistance on the vectorial capacity parameters to assess the overall consequence on transmission.

scholarly journals Vector Competence of Argentine Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) for West Nile virus (Flaviviridae: Flavivirus)

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
María V. Micieli ◽  
Amy C. Matacchiero ◽  
Evangelina Muttis ◽  
Dina M. Fonseca ◽  
Matthew T. Aliota ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
West Nile Virus ◽  
Vector Competence ◽  
West Nile
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