Geographical isolation and Pleistocene climate fluctuations as motors in speciation: Case study on mountain stream insects of the genusPseudovelia(Hemiptera: Veliidae)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Ye
Keyword(s):  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
Stream Insects ◽  
Pleistocene Climate

scholarly journals Mountain stoneflies may tolerate warming streams: evidence from organismal physiology and gene expression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott Hotaling ◽  
Alisha A. Shah ◽  
Kerry L. McGowan ◽  
Lusha M. Tronstad ◽  
J. Joseph Giersch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stress ◽  
Constitutive Expression ◽  
High Elevation ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Cellular Stress Response ◽  
Mountain Stream ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Stream Insects ◽  
Short Term Exposure ◽  
Genes Encoding

AbstractRapid glacier recession is altering the physical conditions of headwater streams. Stream temperatures are predicted to rise and become increasingly variable, putting entire meltwater-associated biological communities at risk of extinction. Thus, there is a pressing need to understand how thermal stress affects mountain stream insects, particularly where glaciers are likely to vanish on contemporary timescales. In this study, we tested the critical thermal maximum (CTMAX) of stonefly nymphs representing multiple species and a range of thermal regimes in the high Rocky Mountains, USA. We then collected RNA-sequencing data to assess how organismal thermal stress translated to the cellular level. Our focal species included the meltwater stonefly, Lednia tumana, which was recently listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act due to climate-induced habitat loss. For all study species, critical thermal maxima (CTMAX > 20°C) far exceeded the stream temperatures mountain stoneflies experience (< 10°C). Moreover, while evidence for a cellular stress response was present, we also observed constitutive expression of genes encoding proteins known to underlie thermal stress (i.e., heat shock proteins) even at low temperatures that reflected natural conditions. We show that high-elevation aquatic insects may not be physiologically threatened by short-term exposure to warm temperatures and that longer term physiological responses or biotic factors (e.g., competition) may better explain their extreme distributions.

Does IT Help or Not?

2010 ◽  
pp. 78-96
Author(s):  
Antonio Díaz Andrade
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Geographical Isolation ◽  
Peruvian Andes ◽  
Interpretive Case Study ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Ict Tools ◽  
Basic Infrastructure ◽  
Ict For Development

The number of initiatives aiming at improving people’s living conditions through the provision of information and communication technology (ICT) has been increasing around the globe during the last decade. However, the mere provision of ICT tools is not enough to achieve such goals as this chapter illustrates through the examination of the existent conditions in Huanico, a remote village in the northern Peruvian Andes. Using an interpretive case study design, the author analyzes and explains why under circumstances of severe scarcity and geographical isolation computers can do little in helping local people. The findings challenge the sometimes over-optimistic stances on ICT benefits adopted by international development agencies and governments. Conversely, it confirms the need to provide basic infrastructure and stresses the importance of establishing priorities correctly before launching any ICT for development initiative.

Distributional and demographic consequences of Pleistocene climate fluctuations for a marine demersal fish in the north-eastern Atlantic

2009 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 1138-1151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten H. D. Larmuseau ◽  
Jeroen K. J. Van Houdt ◽  
Jef Guelinckx ◽  
Bart Hellemans ◽  
Filip A. M. Volckaert
Keyword(s):  
Demersal Fish ◽  
Climate Fluctuations ◽  
The North ◽  
Pleistocene Climate ◽  
North Eastern
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