Influence of host quality and temperature on the biology ofDiaeretiella rapae(Hymenoptera: Braconidae)

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monique Ferreira Souza
Keyword(s):  
Host Quality

Consistency in seed-deposition patterns and the distribution of mistletoes among its host trees in an Amazonian savanna

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 640 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Ferreira Fadini ◽  
Danielly Caroline Miléo Gonçalves ◽  
Rúbia Patrícia Fernandes Reis
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Host Size ◽  
Host Quality ◽  
Deposition Patterns ◽  
Seed Disperser ◽  
Crown Diameter ◽  
Host Trees ◽  
Cashew Tree ◽  
To Receive

The present paper describes the spatial distribution of the mistletoe Psittacanthus plagiophyllus Eichl. (Loranthaceae) on its host, the cashew tree Anacardium occidentale L., in a Brazilian Amazonian savanna. Our aim was to understand the roles of bird-seed dispersers and host quality in determining the mistletoe distribution among its host trees. In 2006, we marked 118 cashews in a 4.5-ha plot and counted the number of mistletoes and the presence of seeds attached to host branches in 2006, 2007 and 2008. On average, 36% of the hosts were infected each year. The infection load and the probability of being infected increased significantly with host crown diameter. On average, 25% of the hosts received at least one mistletoe seed in each year, being taller and previously infected hosts more prone to receive seeds in all 3 years. Elaenia cristata was the main seed disperser, visiting P. plagiophyllus 48 times in 35 h of focal records. Additionally, in a field experiment, we used the presence of an infection and the host size as surrogates for host quality and tested their effect on mistletoe survivorship. After 9 months, 16.5% of seeds survived and 14% had established, but neither host conditions nor host size influenced seed survivorship. Therefore, we suggest that mistletoe distribution is a consequence of a consistent dispersal of seeds onto larger and previously parasitised hosts across years.

scholarly journals Influence of Plant Host Quality on Fitness and Sex Ratio of the Wheat Stem Sawfly (Hymenoptera: Cephidae)

2005 ◽  
Vol 34 (6) ◽  
pp. 1579-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Cárcamo ◽  
B. L. Beres ◽  
F. Clarke ◽  
R. J. Byers ◽  
H.-h. Mündel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Host Quality ◽  
Plant Host ◽  
Wheat Stem Sawfly

INVITATION PAPER: C.P. Alexander Fund: HOST CHOICE BY APHIDIID PARASITOIDS (HYMENOPTERA: APHIDIIDAE): HOST RECOGNITION, HOST QUALITY, AND HOST VALUE

1996 ◽  
Vol 128 (6) ◽  
pp. 959-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Mackauer ◽  
J.P. Michaud ◽  
W. Völkl
Keyword(s):  
Host Choice ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Response Threshold ◽  
Host Recognition ◽  
Egg Load ◽  
Host Quality ◽  
State Variables ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Potential Host

AbstractSpecies in the family Aphidiidae (Hymenoptera) parasitize exclusively ovoviviparous aphids. Females use a variety of information to detect and evaluate suitable hosts. Olfactory cues associated with aphids, or the aphids’ host plant, are important for host location. Visual cues including aphid colour, shape, and movement can be evaluated from a distance without physical contact; aphid movement may act as a releasing stimulus for attack. Contact chemosensory cues (gustatory cues) are evaluated by antennation of the host cuticle and during ovipositor probing. A potential host must conform to the wasp’s response profile and satisfy minimum physiological and dietary requirements for immature development and growth. Host quality is determined in part by attributes specific to each aphid species and in part by each aphid’s individual-specific growth potential. Host quality for male and female progeny may vary as a result of different patterns of resource allocation and sexual size dimorphism. For an encountered aphid to be accepted as a host, its perceived value must exceed the wasp’s response threshold for oviposition. Host value, as opposed to host quality, varies dynamically with parasitoid state variables such as age, egg load, and prior experience. A conceptual model of host choice by aphidiid wasps is presented.

Host Quality and Sawfly Populations: A New Approach to Life Table Analysis

Ecology ◽  
1988 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 2012-2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph W. Preszler ◽  
Peter W. Price
Keyword(s):  
Life Table ◽  
Host Quality ◽  
Life Table Analysis ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Table Analysis

scholarly journals Manipulation of Host Quality and Defense by a Plant Virus Improves Performance of Whitefly Vectors

2015 ◽  
Vol 108 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Su ◽  
E. L. Preisser ◽  
X. M. Zhou ◽  
W. Xie ◽  
B. M. Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Virus ◽  
Host Quality
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