Detection of imidacloprid residues in pollen and nectar collected from annual and perennial bedding plants purchased from selected retail garden stores

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie J Darnell
Keyword(s):  
Bedding Plants

Growth of Ornamental Plants in Compacted Soils in Relation to Root Growth under Low Oxygen and High Atmospheric Pressure

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 479d-479
Author(s):  
Michael Knee ◽  
Ruth Brake
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Tagetes Patula ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Compacted Soils ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Physical Resistance ◽  
High Atmospheric Pressure

In urban situations, particularly after construction, herbaceous ornamentals may be planted into soils that are compacted or have poor structure so that plant roots may encounter poor aeration or physical resistance. Low oxygen concentrations may be the most important aspect of poor aeration and are readily reproduced in the laboratory. High atmospheric pressure might be used to screen for the ability to grow against physical resistance. We tested the suggestion that “native” plants would grow better in compacted soils than typical bedding plants and for differences in tolerance to low oxygen or high pressure. Plants were grown from seed in the greenhouse at four levels of compaction in peat-based medium and in field soil. Shoot dry weights of the native plants Asclepias tuberosa, Echinacea purpurea, and Schizachyrium scoparius, were less affected by growth in compacted soil or peat medium than those of the bedding plants, Antirrhinum majus, Gypsophila elegans, Impatiens balsamina, Tagetes patula and Zinnia elegans. The oxygen content of media declined with compaction to a minimum of 10 kPa. Half maximal root elongation was observed at 1 to 3 kPa oxygen for most species without any separation between the groups. A presure of 1100 kPa reduced root elongation of the bedding plants by 50 to 70% but only 5 to 20% for the native plants.

Phosphorus Fertilization in Ebb and Flow Production of Bedding Plants

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 523b-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin James ◽  
Marc van Iersel
Keyword(s):  
Dry Mass ◽  
Plant Production ◽  
Phosphorus Fertilization ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Nutrient Runoff ◽  
Growing Period ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Bedding Plant ◽  
Ebb And Flow

The quantity and quality of available water in the Southeastern United States continues to decline as demands on limited resources increase. Growers will soon be forced to comply with legal limitations on water consumption and limits on nutrient runoff from their operations. A lack of information on standard growing practices using alternative irrigation systems such as ebb and flow is hindering their acceptance and implementation. We are currently conducting a series of experiments to establish basic growing guidelines for the use of ebb and flow in the greenhouse in bedding plant production. In the third of these experiments, Petunia × hybrida Hort. Vilm.-Andr. `Blue Frost' and Begonia × hiemalis Fotsch. `Ambassador Scarlet' were grown for 5 weeks on ebb and flow tables with fertigation solutions (225 ppm N) containing three different levels of phosphorus (0, 50, and 100 ppm). Three soilless media were also used, which varied in their percentage content of vermiculite, perlite, pine bark and coconut coir. For both the begonias and petunias dry mass of the shoot was greatest in plants grown with higher levels of phosphorus. In comparison to plants grown with 0 ppm phosphorous, petunias and begonias grown with 50 or 100 ppm P were 44% and 25% greater in mass, respectively. However, begonias had 38% more flowers when fertigated with the higher levels of phosphorous while petunias flowered earlier with 0 ppm P fertigation solution. The electrical conductivity of the media did not change significantly over the course of the growing period, but the pH dropped by an average of 1 over the same time interval.

scholarly journals The effect of growing media and concentration of nutrient solution on growth, flowering and macroelement content of media and leaves of Tymophylla tenuiloba Small

2013 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 57-64
Author(s):  
Joanna Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Nutrient Solution ◽  
Element Content ◽  
Mineral Element ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Growing Media ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Salt Level ◽  
Total Soluble Salt ◽  
Mineral Element Content

Effects of growing media and concentration of nutrient solution on growth, flowering, evapotranspiration and macroelement content of media and leaves of Tymophylla tenuiloba were evaluated under ebb-and-flow conditions. Two media: peat and peat + perlite (3:l, v/v), and four concentrations of nutrient solution: 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 mS cm<sup>-1</sup> were applied. High quality plants were produced in both media and all concentration of nutrient solution. The lowest evapotranspiration was measured at the highest concentration of nutrient solution. N concentration of leaves was high in all treatments. Concentrations of K, Ca, and Mg decreased with increasing concentration of nutrient solution. Opposite was found for P. At the end of cultivation the lowest pH was measured in the upper layer of growing media. The highest total soluble salt level was measured in the upper layers. Upper layers accumulated more N-NO<sub>3</sub>, P, Ca, and Mg. Mineral element content of both media was high in all concentrations of nutrient solution. Low concentration of nutrient solution at 1.0 mS cm<sup>-1</sup> is recommended, although <sup>-1<i>Tymophylla tenuiloba<sup>-1</i> can be also cultivated at higher concentrations of nutrient solution up to 2.5mS cm<sup>-1</sup>, if placed on the same bench with other bedding plants requiring more nutrients.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Substrate-applied Humectant to Mitigate Drought Stress in Young, Container-grown Plants

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-141
Author(s):  
Bruce R. Roberts ◽  
Chris Wolverton ◽  
Samantha West
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Root Growth ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Root:Shoot Ratio ◽  
Xylem Water Potential ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Soilless Substrate ◽  
Absorbing Roots

The efficacy of treating soilless substrate with a commercial humectant was tested as a means of suppressing drought stress in 4-week-old container-grown Zinnia elegans Jacq. ‘Thumbelina’. The humectant was applied as a substrate amendment at concentrations of 0.0, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2% by volume prior to withholding irrigation. An untreated, well-watered control was also included. The substrate of treated plants was allowed to dry until the foliage wilted, at which time the plants were harvested and the following measurements taken: number of days to wilt (DTW), xylem water potential (ψx), shoot growth (shoot dry weight, leaf area) and root growth (length, diameter, surface area, volume, dry weight). For drought-stressed plants grown in humectant-treated substrate at concentrations of 1.6 and 3.2%, DTW increased 25 and 33%, respectively. A linear decrease in ψx was observed as the concentration of humectant increased from 0.0 to 3.2%. Linear trends were also noted for both volumetric moisture content (positive) and evapotranspiration (negative) as the concentration of humectant increased. For non-irrigated, untreated plants, stress inhibited shoot growth more than root growth, resulting in a lower root:shoot ratio. For non-irrigated, humectant-treated plants, the length of fine, water-absorbing roots increased linearly as humectant concentration increased from 0.0 to 3.2%. Using humectant-amended substrates may be a management option for mitigating the symptoms of drought stress during the production of container-grown bedding plants such as Z. elegans.

scholarly journals Seedling Developmental Stage at Transplanting Affects Growth and Flowering of Medallion Flower and Globe Amaranth

2015 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Keever ◽  
J.R. Kessler ◽  
G.B. Fain ◽  
D.C. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Growth Index ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Development Stage ◽  
Seedling Development ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Shoot Dry Weight ◽  
Flower Growth ◽  
Root Restriction ◽  
Experimental Runs

A study was conducted to determine how seedling development stage at transplanting from plug flats into small pots affected growth and flowering of two commonly grown bedding plants. Seeds of Showstar® medallion flower and ‘Las Vegas Pink’ globe amaranth were sown in 392-cell flats on five dates for each of two experimental runs before transplanting into 8.9 cm (3.5 in) cubic pots. At transplanting of both species, plant height, node count and shoot dry weight increased as days from sowing to transplanting increased and there was no visible cessation in shoot growth due to root restriction. Time to first flower from transplanting decreased linearly with both species in both runs, except with medallion flower in the second run, as time from sowing to transplanting increased. In contrast, time to flower of both species from sowing increased linearly as time from sowing to transplanting increased. However, the magnitude of the increase or decrease in time to flower differed between the two runs indicating that other factors, most likely light intensity and duration, besides node counts were affecting time to flower. Globe amaranth height and growth index and medallion flower growth index at first flower decreased as time from sowing to transplanting increased, whereas medallion flower height was not affected by time from sowing to transplanting.

scholarly journals Impact of Income and Different Generation Cohorts on Nursery Products and Landscaping Project Spending

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Jin ◽  
Michael K. Wohlgenant ◽  
Charles D. Safley
Keyword(s):  
Household Income ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Income Elasticities ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Generation Cohorts ◽  
Dependent Variables ◽  
Consumer Survey Data ◽  
Significant Factors ◽  
Budget Expenditure

Socioeconomic factors influencing consumer demand for nursery products and landscape projects were investigated using consumer survey data collected from North Carolina in 2008. Tobit models were estimated for censored dependent variables, budget expenditure shares on nursery products, and landscape spending. The most significant factors influencing the share of income spent on nursery products were age and household income. The elderly and baby boomers tend to spend less on bedding plants, perennials, and outdoor hardscapes than Generations X and Y. The income elasticities suggest that the amount spent on outdoor living projects is sensitive to changes in household income, whereas spending in vegetable plants and chemicals is less responsive to income.

scholarly journals Seasonal fluctuation in density of pest insects on bedding plants.

2001 ◽  
Vol 43 (0) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
Manabu Shibao ◽  
Shinobu Takemura ◽  
Junko Fujikawa ◽  
Hiroshi Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Seasonal Fluctuation ◽  
Bedding Plants ◽  
Pest Insects

Bedding Plants

2008 ◽  
pp. 292-309
Author(s):  
Richard Bisgrove
Keyword(s):  
Bedding Plants
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