Species composition and population biology of pollinators in a restored grassland community

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flint Devine
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Grassland Community

scholarly journals Priority Effects and Nonhierarchical Competition Shape Species Composition in a Complex Grassland Community

2019 ◽  
Vol 193 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Uricchio ◽  
S. Caroline Daws ◽  
Erin R. Spear ◽  
Erin A. Mordecai
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Grassland Community

scholarly journals Population biomorphological studies of Delphinium dictyocarpum DC. in Dzhungarskiy Alatau

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Nurzipa Saparbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Vascular Plants ◽  
Population Biology ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
High Mountains ◽  
Ontogenetic Structure ◽  
Upper Third

This article presents the data of population-biomorphological studies of the larkspur (Delphinium dictyocarpum DC.) in the Dzhungarskiy Alatau. Purpose of the research isto study the distribution, phytocenotic confinement, biomorphology and structure of Delphinium dictyocarpum populations. The studies were carried out on the territory of the Dzhungarskiy Alatau ridge in 2015–2017. The structure of cenopopulations (CP) was studied in 2 plant communities (descriptions 1, 2). To study the density and ontogenetic structure of cenopopulations in communities transects were laid, divided into areas of 1 m2 in size. The type of cenopopulations was determined according to two classifications of B.A. Yurtseva (1987, 1988) and L.A. Zhukova (2013). When studying the biomorphology and structure of cenopopulations, we used the principles and methods adopted in modern plant population biology developed by L.A. Zhukova (2012) and “Program and methodology...” (1986). The study revealed that Delphinium dictyocarpum in the Dzhungarskiy Alatau grows at an altitude of 1600 to 3200 m above sea level, occupying the upper third or the summit of the high mountains. On the slopes the species is found along the outcrops of rocks and on stony-gravelly areas in the composition of shrub-forb-livebeet, cereal-forb meadows. The species composition of live bunch communities is represented by 125 species of vascular plants from 95 genera and 37 families. The height of the above-ground organs of Delphinium dictyocarpum ranged from 115 to 250 cm.

Use of a weighing lysimeter system to assess the effects of trampling on evapotranspiration of montane plant communities

2002 ◽  
Vol 80 (6) ◽  
pp. 675-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Scott ◽  
Neil G Bayfield ◽  
Alexander Cernusca ◽  
David A Elston
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Vascular Plant ◽  
Grassland Community ◽  
Montane Vegetation ◽  
Heath Communities ◽  
Contrasting Structure ◽  
Weighing Lysimeter

The aim was to investigate the impacts of trampling on water loss and partitioning in vegetation with contrasting structure and species composition. A new design of weighing lysimeter was used in glasshouse experiments to compare evapotranspiration from intact and trampled blocks of vegetation. The lysimeter system was able to detect differences between treatments after only a few hours. Evapotranspiration was recorded for six communities, representative of cryptogam - vascular plant communities found in the Cairngorm Mountains of Scotland. Vegetation blocks of Racomitrium and Vaccinium/Hylocomium heath communities had the greatest cumulative evapotranspiration and lichen heath the least over 48 h. Blocks from three of the communities (Agrostis/Festuca grassland, Calluna wet heath, and lichen heath) were used in a trampling experiment with five levels of damage. Trampling progressively destroyed the structure of the vegetation of all communities and increased the rates of water loss from the blocks. The grassland community vegetation was the most resilient. These results help to link the massive changes in vegetation structure resulting from trampling to effects on water loss and microclimate.Key words: weighing lysimeter, evapotranspiration, recreation, trampling, cryptogams, montane vegetation.

scholarly journals Priority effects and non-hierarchical competition shape species composition in a complex grassland community

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence H. Uricchio ◽  
S. Caroline Daws ◽  
Erin R. Spear ◽  
Erin A. Mordecai
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Exotic Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Complex Mixture ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Priority Effects ◽  
Complex Species ◽  
Species Dominance ◽  
Grassland Community ◽  
Population Dynamic Model

AbstractNiche and fitness differences control the outcome of competition, but determining their relative importance in invaded communities – which may be far from equilibrium – remains a pressing concern. Moreover, it is unclear whether classic approaches for studying competition, which were developed predominantly for pairs of interacting species, will fully capture dynamics in complex species assemblages. We parameterized a population dynamic model using competition experiments of two native and three exotic species from a grassland community. We found evidence for minimal fitness differences or niche differences between the native species, leading to slow replacement dynamics and priority effects, but large fitness advantages allowed exotics to unconditionally invade natives. Priority effects driven by strong interspecific competition between exotic species drove single-species dominance by one of two exotic species in 80% of model outcomes, while a complex mixture of non-hierarchical competition and coexistence between native and exotic species occurred in the remaining 20%. Fungal infection, a commonly hypothesized coexistence mechanism, had weak fitness effects, and is unlikely to substantially affect coexistence. In contrast to previous work on pairwise outcomes in largely native-dominated communities, our work supports a role for nearly-neutral dynamics and priority effects as drivers of species composition in invaded communities.

Trends in vegetation cover in the grassland community on the Bogong High Plains, Victoria.

1985 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rees H van ◽  
WA Papst ◽  
K McDougall ◽  
RC Boston
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
The Other ◽  
Alpine Grassland ◽  
High Plains ◽  
Grassland Community ◽  
Major Species ◽  
A Site ◽  
Free Ranging

Cover and luxuriance of plant species in the alpine grassland community were measured. Four grassland sites were monitored regularly from 1979 to 1984; three are grazed during summer months by free-ranging cattle, the other has not been grazed since 1974. Data are presented for cover of major species at another grazed site monitored since 1947. Three classes of total vegetation cover were defined in relation to the susceptibility of a site toerosion. Results show that there have been no trends in vegetation cover and luxuriance. Species composition and total vegetation cover varied between sites but there were no dis- cernible trends in these characteristics.

scholarly journals The problem of maintaining large herbivores in small conservation areas: deterioration of the grassveld in the Addo Elephant National Park

Koedoe ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Novellie ◽  
A.J. Hall-Martin ◽  
D. Joubert
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
National Park ◽  
Dwarf Shrub ◽  
Grass Cover ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Large Herbivores ◽  
Themeda Triandra ◽  
Grassland Community

Changes in vegetation cover and species composition in a grassland community during a six year period are reported. The grass Themeda triandra and the dwarf shrub Helichrysum rosum decreased in abundance, whereas the grass Eragrostis obtusa increased. Comparison of grazed plots with fenced plots revealed large herbivores were responsible for the increase in abundance ofE. obtusa. The abundance of T. triandra was influenced by large herbivores, but rainfall fluctuations apparently also played a role. The decline in relative abundance of/7. rosum was evidently not caused by large herbivores. Grass cover was closely determined by rainfall. A drought-induced decline in forage abundance evidently caused the buffalo population to crash.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document