Deliaspecies (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) and chlorpyrifos-resistance survey in brassica vegetable growing areas in Canada

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josée Owen
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Vegetable

scholarly journals Tumorous Stem Development of Brassica Juncea: A Complex Regulatory Network of Stem Formation and Identification of Key Genes in Glucosinolate Biosynthesis

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1006
Author(s):  
Mengyao Li ◽  
Fangjie Xie ◽  
Jie Li ◽  
Bo Sun ◽  
Ya Luo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Juncea ◽  
Sulfur Metabolism ◽  
Genetic Research ◽  
Glucosinolate Biosynthesis ◽  
Complex Biological Process ◽  
Significant Downward Trend ◽  
Aliphatic Glucosinolates ◽  
Stem Development ◽  
Brassica Vegetable ◽  
Main Component

Stem mustard is a stem variety of mustard, an important Brassica vegetable. The formation and development of the tumorous stem, which is the key organ for the direct yield and quality, is a complex biological process involving morphogenesis, material accumulation and gene regulation. In this study, we demonstrated through anatomical studies that stem swelling is mainly dependent on the increase in the number of cells and the volume of parenchyma cells in the cortex and pith. To further understand transcript and metabolic changes during stem swelling, we obtained 27,901 differentially expressed genes, of which 671 were specifically detected using transcriptome sequencing technology in all four stages of stem swelling. Functional annotation identified enrichment for genes involved in photosynthesis, energy metabolism, cell growth, sulfur metabolism and glucosinolate biosynthesis. Glucosinolates are a group of nitrogen- and sulfur-containing secondary metabolites, which largely exist in the Cruciferous vegetables. HPLC analysis of the contents and components of glucosinolates in four different stem development stages revealed eight glucosinolates, namely, three aliphatic glucosinolates (sinigrin, glucoalyssin and gluconapin), four indole glucosinolates (4-hydroxyglucobrassicin, glucobrassicin, 4-methoxyglucobrassicin and neoglucobrassicin) and one aromatic glucosinolate (gluconasturtiin). All these types of glucosinolates showed a significant downward trend during the stem swelling period. The content of aliphatic glucosinolates was the highest, with sinigrin being the main component. In addition, qPCR was used to validate the expression of nine genes involved in glucosinolate biosynthesis. Most of these genes were down-regulated during stem swelling in qPCR, which is consistent with transcriptome data. These data provide a basic resource for further molecular and genetic research on Brassica juncea.

scholarly journals DNA-Based Identification of Brassica Vegetable Species for the Juice Industry

2003 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazumi ETOH ◽  
Noritaka NIIJIMA ◽  
Masahiko YOKOSHITA ◽  
Shin-Ichi FUKUOKA
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Vegetable

Seasonal abundance of the parasitoid complex associated with the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) in Hangzhou, China

2000 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shu-Sheng Liu ◽  
Xin-Geng Wang ◽  
Shi-Jian Guo ◽  
Jun-Hua He ◽  
Zu-Hua Shi
Keyword(s):  
Plutella Xylostella ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Seasonal Abundance ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Cotesia Plutellae ◽  
Pupal Parasitoids ◽  
Parasitism Rates ◽  
Brassica Vegetable ◽  
June July

AbstractAn investigation of insect parasitoids of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella(Linnaeus), in brassica vegetable crops in the suburbs of Hangzhou was conducted during five periods from 1989 to 1997. Eight species of primary parasitoids were recorded: Trichogramma chilonis Ishii, Cotesia plutellae Kurdjumov, Microplitis sp., Oomyzus sokolowskii Kurdjumov, Diadromus collaris(Gravenhorst), Itoplectis naranyae (Ashmead), Exochus sp. and Brachymeria excarinata Gahan. Seven species of hyperparasitoids were also collected. Rates of parasitism of eggs of P. xylostella were usually very low. However, rates of parasitism of larvae and pupae were substantial and showed two peaks each year, around June–July and September–November respectively. Rates of parasitism during peaks were usually 10–60% and reached over 80% on a few occasions. Cotesia plutellae, O. sokolowskii and D. collaris were the major larval, larval-pupal and pupal parasitoids respectively. In the field, C. plutellae was active throughout the year. Oomyzus sokolowskii was active from May to October, entered a quiescent pupal stage in October–November to overwinter and did not emerge until next April–May. Diadromus collariswas recorded from April to July and October. Rates of parasitism of P. xylostellain radish and mustard fields were usually higher than those in cabbage and Chinese cabbage fields in the same locality. Negative correlations of parasitism rates between C. plutellae and O. sokolowskii indicate a competitive relationship for host larvae between these two larval parasitoids.

Genetic variation in the hTAS2R38taste receptor and brassica vegetable intake

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nela Gorovic ◽  
Shoaib Afzal ◽  
Anne Tjønneland ◽  
Kim Overvad ◽  
Ulla Vogel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Brassica Vegetable

CLOSE LINKAGE OF GENES FOR MALE STERILITY AND ANTHOCYANIN SYNTHESIS IN BRASSICA OLERACEA PROMISING FOR F1 HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION; MULTIVALENTS AT MEIOSIS NOT INVOLVED IN THE LINKAGE

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. R. Sampson
Keyword(s):  
Male Sterility ◽  
Marker Gene ◽  
Hybrid Seed ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Linkage Phase ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Linkage Of Genes ◽  
Brassica Vegetable

Thirty-two progenies showed a mean of 4.3 ± 0.3% recombination between ms-1, a gene for male sterility and c-1, a seedling marker gene. The closeness of this linkage makes it useful for producing F1 hybrid seed of Brassica vegetable crops. Differential viability, acting prior to seed germination and associated with the c-1 locus, resulted in either a deficiency or a surplus of ms-1 ms-1 plants depending on the linkage phase. The mean viability of plants with the C-1 phenotype was 1.26 ± 0.03 times that of c-1 c-1 plants. The genetic stocks studied bred true for a quadrivalent at meiosis I. This presumed duplication was traced through seven generations but was not responsible for the ms-1 c-1 linkage.

The Effect of Brassica Vegetable Consumption on Caffeine Metabolism in Humans

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. McDanell ◽  
L.A. Henderson ◽  
K. Russell ◽  
A.E.M. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Half Life ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Interindividual Variation ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Brassica Vegetables ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Caffeine Metabolism ◽  
Brassica Vegetable ◽  
Plasma Half Life

Ten healthy volunteers were used in two studies investigating the effect of short-term Brassica consumption on caffeine metabolism. In the first study volunteers were given three Brassica-containing meals, the last one 3 h prior to caffeine administration. In the second study volunteers were given two Brassica-containing meals and then fasted overnight before caffeine administration. In both studies the mean plasma half-life of caffeine was reduced by approximately 20% following a Brassica diet, suggesting that Brassica vegetables stimulate caffeine metabolism. When caffeine was given 3 h after the last meal, plasma caffeine concentrations over 6 h, were increased by up to 27% on the Brassica diet compared to controls. This may be due to a transient increased permeability of the intestine to caffeine, immediately following Brassica consumption. This effect was not seen in the second study where there was a 12-h period between the last meal and caffeine administration. There was large interindividual variation in the effect of the Brassica diet on caffeine metabolism.

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