Metabolic mechanisms mediating the miserable months: Metabolomics of periodic arousal in insect diapause

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao Chen
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Arousal

scholarly journals Enhanced stability and polyadenylation of select mRNAs support rapid thermogenesis in the brown fat of a hibernator

eLife ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katharine R Grabek ◽  
Cecilia Diniz Behn ◽  
Gregory S Barsh ◽  
Jay R Hesselberth ◽  
Sandra L Martin
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Molecular Pathways ◽  
Physiological Regulation ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Activity Cycles ◽  
Intense Activity ◽  
Enhanced Stability ◽  
Periodic Arousal

During hibernation, animals cycle between torpor and arousal. These cycles involve dramatic but poorly understood mechanisms of dynamic physiological regulation at the level of gene expression. Each cycle, Brown Adipose Tissue (BAT) drives periodic arousal from torpor by generating essential heat. We applied digital transcriptome analysis to precisely timed samples to identify molecular pathways that underlie the intense activity cycles of hibernator BAT. A cohort of transcripts increased during torpor, paradoxical because transcription effectively ceases at these low temperatures. We show that this increase occurs not by elevated transcription but rather by enhanced stabilization associated with maintenance and/or extension of long poly(A) tails. Mathematical modeling further supports a temperature-sensitive mechanism to protect a subset of transcripts from ongoing bulk degradation instead of increased transcription. This subset was enriched in a C-rich motif and genes required for BAT activation, suggesting a model and mechanism to prioritize translation of key proteins for thermogenesis.

Molecular mechanism underlying muscle mass retention in hibernating bats: Role of periodic arousal

2010 ◽  
Vol 222 (2) ◽  
pp. 313-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kisoo Lee ◽  
Hyekyoung So ◽  
Taesik Gwag ◽  
Hyunwoo Ju ◽  
Ju-Woon Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Periodic Arousal

Body temperature and microhabitat use in the hibernating Japanese dormouse (Glirulus japonicus)

Mammalia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manami Iwabuchi ◽  
Shusaku Minato ◽  
Haruka Aiba ◽  
Tetsuo Morita
Keyword(s):  
Body Temperature ◽  
Microhabitat Use ◽  
Daily Torpor ◽  
Radio Tracking ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Winter Activity ◽  
Hibernation Period ◽  
Good Accordance ◽  
Transitional Phase ◽  
Periodic Arousal

AbstractThis study investigated the little known winter ecology of Japanese dormice by monitoring body temperature patterns and winter activity in captive and free-living animals. Before onset of hibernation, animals exhibited a transitional phase characterized by frequent bouts of daily torpor. During hibernation itself, dormice aroused periodically from torpor but never foraged during arousals. Torpor bout duration tended to be shorter around the beginning and end of the hibernation period than during the intervening mid-hibernation period. In a further radio-tracking study of two free-living dormice, both were observed to construct a shallow underground hibernaculum at a depth of 1–5 cm and to enter hibernation alone. One individual left the nest after it was disturbed, while the other dormouse stayed in its nest and continued hibernating normally, exhibiting periodic arousal but never feeding or moving from the hibernaculum. These first detailed observations of hibernation in Japanese dormice are in good accordance with previous studies of European dormouse species.

The Mystery of the Periodic Arousal

1982 ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHARLES P. LYMAN ◽  
JOHN S. WILLIS ◽  
ANDRÉ MALAN ◽  
LAWRENCE C.H. WANG
Keyword(s):  
Periodic Arousal

Increased periodic arousal fluctuations during non-REM sleep are associated to superior memory

2004 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 439-442 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luigi Ferini-Strambi ◽  
Paola Ortelli ◽  
Vincenza Castronovo ◽  
Stefano Cappa
Keyword(s):  
Rem Sleep ◽  
Superior Memory ◽  
Periodic Arousal

scholarly journals ROS and hypoxia signaling regulate periodic metabolic arousal during insect dormancy to coordinate glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism

2020 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. e2017603118
Author(s):  
Chao Chen ◽  
Rohit Mahar ◽  
Matthew E. Merritt ◽  
David L. Denlinger ◽  
Daniel A. Hahn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Savings ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Metabolic Depression ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Metabolic Intermediates ◽  
Cyclic Patterns ◽  
Metabolic Suppression ◽  
Carnitine Palmitoyltransferase I ◽  
By Products ◽  
Periodic Arousal

Metabolic suppression is a hallmark of animal dormancy that promotes overall energy savings. Some diapausing insects and some mammalian hibernators have regular cyclic patterns of substantial metabolic depression alternating with periodic arousal where metabolic rates increase dramatically. Previous studies, largely in mammalian hibernators, have shown that periodic arousal is driven by an increase in aerobic mitochondrial metabolism and that many molecules related to energy metabolism fluctuate predictably across periodic arousal cycles. However, it is still not clear how these rapid metabolic shifts are regulated. We first found that diapausing flesh fly pupae primarily use anaerobic glycolysis during metabolic depression but engage in aerobic respiration through the tricarboxylic acid cycle during periodic arousal. Diapausing pupae also clear anaerobic by-products and regenerate many metabolic intermediates depleted in metabolic depression during arousal, consistent with patterns in mammalian hibernators. We found that decreased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced metabolic arousal and elevated ROS extended the duration of metabolic depression. Our data suggest ROS regulates the timing of metabolic arousal by changing the activity of two critical metabolic enzymes, pyruvate dehydrogenase and carnitine palmitoyltransferase I by modulating the levels of hypoxia inducible transcription factor (HIF) and phosphorylation of adenosine 5′-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Our study shows that ROS signaling regulates periodic arousal in our insect diapasue system, suggesting the possible importance ROS for regulating other types of of metabolic cycles in dormancy as well.

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