Both spring warmth and winter chilling can affect spring phenology of butterflies

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Stålhandske
Keyword(s):  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Winter Chilling

Effects of winter chilling vs. spring forcing on the spring phenology of trees in a cold region and a warmer reference region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Yang ◽  
Mai-He Li ◽  
Zhengfang Wu ◽  
Hong S. He ◽  
Haibo Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Biogeochemical Cycles ◽  
High Latitudes ◽  
Reference Region ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Populus Simonii ◽  
Winter Chilling

<p>Regions at high latitudes and high altitudes are undergoing a more pronounced winter warming than spring warming, and such asymmetric warming will affect chilling and forcing processes and thus the spring phenology of plants. We analyzed winter chilling and spring forcing accumulation in relation to the spring phenology of three tree species (Ulmus pumila, Populus simonii, and Syringa oblata) growing in a cold region (CR) compared with trees in a warmer reference region (WR, using the Dynamic Model and the Growing Degree Hour (GDH) model. We tested that forcing rather than chilling affects the spring phenology of trees in CR (hypothesis I), and that trees in CR have both lower chilling and lower forcing temperatures and thus longer accumulation periods than trees in WR (hypothesis II). In line with our hypotheses, forcing played a crucial role in spring phenology in CR, but chilling and forcing combined to determine spring phenology in WR. The temperatures during the chilling and forcing periods were lower and the accumulation period started earlier and ended later in CR than in WR. Moreover, the chilling accumulation was broken into two periods by the low deep winter temperature in CR. We conclude that asymmetric warming, with a stronger temperature increase in winter than in spring, could decrease the forcing accumulation effects and increase the chilling effects on the spring phenology of plants in CR. This change in the balance between chilling and forcing will lead to a shift in plant phenology, which will further have major impacts on biogeochemical cycles and on ecosystem functioning and services.</p>

Effects of winter chilling vs. spring forcing on the spring phenology of trees in a cold region and a warmer reference region

2020 ◽  
Vol 725 ◽  
pp. 138323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Yang ◽  
Zhengfang Wu ◽  
Liang Guo ◽  
Hong S. He ◽  
Yuheng Ling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reference Region ◽  
Cold Region ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Winter Chilling

A Leaf Bud Development Scale for Rabbiteye Blueberry

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 455f-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Scott NeSmith ◽  
Gerard Krewer ◽  
Jeffrey G. Williamson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Development ◽  
Developmental Differences ◽  
Research Management ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Vaccinium Ashei ◽  
Bud Development ◽  
Dormant Bud ◽  
Mouse Ear ◽  
Highbush Blueberries ◽  
Winter Chilling

Crop vegetative and reproductive development are frequently divided into stages to describe progression of development. Such a description is useful in denoting developmental differences between cultivars, for making crop management decisions based on growth stages, and for clear communication among individuals concerned with research, management, and production of the crop. We have developed such a scale for leaf bud development in rabbiteye blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade). Our scale has six stages briefly described as follows: 1) dormant bud; 2) early green tip; 3) late green tip; 4) unfolding stage; 5) mouse-ear stage; 6) fully opened bud. Categorizing buds in this manner has proven useful in comparing rates of leaf development between cultivars and in response to winter chilling. The stages appear to be relevant to highbush blueberries (V. corymbosum) as well.

scholarly journals Responses of vegetation spring phenology to climatic factors in Xinjiang, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 124 ◽  
pp. 107286
Author(s):  
Cheng Li ◽  
Ranghui Wang ◽  
Xuefeng Cui ◽  
Fang Wu ◽  
Yu Yan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Spring Phenology

Spring phenology outweighed climate change in determining autumn phenology on the Tibetan Plateau

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 3725-3742
Author(s):  
Jie Peng ◽  
Chaoyang Wu ◽  
Xiaoyue Wang ◽  
Linlin Lu
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Tibetan Plateau ◽  
The Tibetan Plateau ◽  
Spring Phenology

scholarly journals Late to bed, late to rise – warmer autumn temperatures delay spring phenology by delaying dormancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilka Beil ◽  
Jürgen Kreyling ◽  
Claudia Meyer ◽  
Nele Lemcke ◽  
Andrey V. Malyshev
Keyword(s):  
Spring Phenology

scholarly journals Spring Phenology Drives Range Shifts in a Migratory Arctic Ungulate with Key Implications for the Future

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Severson ◽  
Heather E. Johnson ◽  
Stephen M. Arthur ◽  
William B. Leacock ◽  
Michael J. Suitor
Keyword(s):  
Range Shifts ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
The Future

Legacy effects of spring phenology on vegetation growth under preseason meteorological drought in the Northern Hemisphere

2021 ◽  
Vol 310 ◽  
pp. 108630
Author(s):  
Zhaoqi Zeng ◽  
Wenxiang Wu ◽  
Quansheng Ge ◽  
Zhaolei Li ◽  
Xiaoyue Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Northern Hemisphere ◽  
Meteorological Drought ◽  
Legacy Effects ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Vegetation Growth

Displacement and dispersion of parturient caribou at calving as antipredator tactics

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (7) ◽  
pp. 1597-1606 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Bergerud ◽  
R. E. Page
Keyword(s):  
Snow Cover ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Forest Cover ◽  
Ursus Arctos ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Stochastic Variation ◽  
Spring Phenology ◽  
Calf Survival ◽  
Searching Ability ◽  
High Elevations

Survival of caribou (Rangifer tarandus) calves until 4 months of age was monitored for 8 years in four herds in northern British Columbia, Canada. The chief cause of mortality was predation by wolves (Canis lupus) and grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) and this mortality was correlated within years between all herds. More calves died in years with late springs when extensive snow patches remained during calving in June than in early springs when larger snow-free areas existed. Before calving and after birth, caribou cows sought to space themselves out on snow-free areas in small aggregations at high elevations above treeline. By placing themselves at high elevations, the females increased the distance between themselves and wolves and bears travelling in the valley bottoms, as well as the main alternate prey, moose (Alces alces), which calved only in forest cover at lower elevations. In addition, the reduced snow in early springs meant that there was more space for dispersion. The variation in calf survival for three herds was negatively correlated with the heterogeneity of the calving area. Snow cover disappeared in smaller patches in more rugged mountains regardless of spring phenology, thereby providing a more constant search area for predators from year to year. More uniform mountains had either extensive areas of snow cover (late years) or brown substrates (early years), thus greatly varying the space that predators had to search between years. As stochastic variation in snow cover at calving time alters the searching ability of predators, the aggregation responses of prey, and the spatial overlap between predators and prey, it promotes short-term stability of the prey and lessens the probability of extinction.

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