Making a pest ofDrosophila: Understanding field resistance to diamide insecticides

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucy Firth
Keyword(s):  
Field Resistance

ASSESSMENT OF FIELD RESISTANCE AND IDENTIFICATION OF SOME LR-GENES IN SPRING TRITICALE SAMPLES

2020 ◽  
pp. 17-41
Author(s):  
I.V. GRUZDEV ◽  
◽  
P.YU. KROUPIN ◽  
L.S. BOLSHAKOVA ◽  
M.G. DIVASHUK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Resistance ◽  
Brown Rust ◽  
Pathogen Population ◽  
Lr Genes ◽  
Spring Triticale ◽  
Rust Pathogen

The paper presents the results of studying the field resistance of a large number of spring triticale samples to brown rust pathogen under the natural infectious background of the Moscow pathogen population in 2012–2015, as well as the identification of some effective Lr-genes in these samples.

RESISTANCE TO MILDEW OF SELECTION FAMILY OF RED CURRANT THE BELAYA POTAPENKO × № 1426-21-80

1970 ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
O. O. Kalinina ◽  
O. D. Golyaeva ◽  
O. V. Panfilova ◽  
А. V. Pikunova
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Disease Development ◽  
Artificial Infection ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Local Soil ◽  
The Family ◽  
Red Currant

Powdery mildew is one of the most harmful fungal diseases that causes economically significant damage to berry plantations. The disease is common in all areas of currant cultivation in the Russian Federation. In this regard, in modern conditions of intensive berry growing, the problem of breeding cultivars that are highly resistant to diseases and pests becomes urgent. Breeders have a difficult task to combine the adaptive potential of the cultivar with its annual high productivity and resistance to biotic environmental factors. When studying the adaptability of introduced cultivars of red currant and selected forms of the Institute to local soil and climate conditions, the following cultivars were identified as sources of economic and useful characteristics and involved in selection: ‘Belaya Potapenko’ as a complex source of resistance powdery mildew and high marketable and taste qualities of berries; SS 1426-21-80 as a source of high productivity and long racemes (raceme length 11-13 cm; up to 20 berries in the raceme). On their base the selection family of red currant has been developed: Belaya Potapenko × ♂SS 1426-21-80. The study of data on the destruction of hybrid seedlings of the selection family by powdery mildew showed that in epiphytotic conditions, the percentage of intensity of the disease development varies over the periods of screening from 0.2% in May to 20.4% in June. Such indicators served as a prerequisite for conducting a comparative test of breeding material in the field under artificial infection with powdery mildew. After artificial infection on the background of epiphytosis, the rate of intensity of the disease development increased slightly and amounted to 35.6% for the family. There were 30 highly resistant seedlings in the family, 10 of which have remained stable and highly resistant since 2018. In these plants we can assume the presence of the so-called field resistance, controlled by polygens, each of which does not give a visible effect of stability, but with different combinations determines one or another of its degree. Highly resistant seedlings will be used in further breeding studies to identify new sources of resistance to powdery mildew.

Evaluation of field resistance to brown stripe disease in novel and major cultivated sugarcane varieties in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao-Yan Wang ◽  
Xiao-Yan Cang ◽  
Wei Qin ◽  
Hong-Li Shan ◽  
Rong-Yue Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Resistance ◽  
Sugarcane Varieties ◽  
Brown Stripe

scholarly journals Field resistance to wheat stem rust in durum wheat ( Triticum turgidum ssp. durum ) accessions deposited at the USDA National Small Grains Collection

Crop Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo D. Olivera ◽  
Worku D. Bulbula ◽  
Ayele Badebo ◽  
Harold E. Bockelman ◽  
Erena A. Edae ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Stem Rust ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Wheat Stem Rust ◽  
Small Grains

Mapping of quantitative trait loci for field resistance to Fusarium head blight in an European winter wheat

2002 ◽  
Vol 106 (6) ◽  
pp. 961-970 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gervais ◽  
F. Dedryver ◽  
J.-Y. Morlais ◽  
V. Bodusseau ◽  
S. Negre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Fusarium Head Blight ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Head Blight ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
European Winter Wheat

scholarly journals A Single Gene Cluster Controls Incompatibility and Partial Resistance to Various Melampsora larici-populina Races in Hybrid Poplars

1998 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 156-163 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Lefèvre ◽  
M. C. Goué-Mourier ◽  
P. Faivre-Rampant ◽  
M. Villar
Keyword(s):  
Gene Cluster ◽  
Partial Resistance ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Clonal Variation ◽  
Multiple Alleles ◽  
Hybrid Poplars ◽  
Genetic Background Effect ◽  
Trait Locus

Complete cosegregation for race-specific incompatibility with three Melampsora larici-populina rust races was observed in five F1 hybrid progenies of Populus, with different patterns among the various progenies. A single gene cluster could explain these segregations: one locus with multiple alleles or two tightly linked loci controlling complete resistance to E1 and E3, and two tightly linked loci for E2. The random amplified polymorphic DNA marker OPM03/04_480 was linked to that cluster in all families (<1 cM). This marker accounted for more than 70% of the genetic variation for field resistance in each family (heritability ≈ 0.40). The same marker accounted for up to 64% of the clonal variation for growth in the nursery under natural inoculum pressure; the weak tolerance to rust of F1 interspecific hybrids was attributed to a genetic background effect. Partial resistance was split into epidemiological components (heritability ranged from 0.35 to 0.87). Genotypic correlations among resistance traits for the different races were high (0.73 to 0.90). However, correlations among different resistance components for a single race were not all significant. A major quantitative trait locus for all components of partial resistance to E2 was associated to the cluster controlling incompatibility to E1 and E3 and marked by OPM03/04_480 (R2from 48 to 68%).

Genetic Diversity, Identification and Utilization of Novel Genetic Resources for Resistance to Meloidogyne incognita in Mulberry (Morus spp.)

Plant Disease ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gondi S Arunakumar ◽  
Belaghihalli Nanjappa Gnanesh ◽  
Haniyambadi B Manojkumar ◽  
Doss S. Gandhi ◽  
Mogili Thallapally ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Markers ◽  
Resistance Breeding ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Infested Soil ◽  
Root Knot Nematode ◽  
Sources Of Resistance ◽  
Molecular Variance ◽  
Morus Spp ◽  
Principle Coordinate Analysis ◽  
Germplasm Accessions

Mulberry (Morus spp.) is an important crop in the sericulture industry as the leaves constitute the primary feed for the silkworm. The availability of diverse genetic sources of resistance to root- knot nematode (RKN; Meloidogyne spp.) are very scanty and therefore, a set of 415 varied exotic and indigenous germplasm accessions were screened under glasshouse conditions. Twenty one accessions were identified as highly resistant and 48 were resistant, the highest numbers of highly resistant/resistant accessions were found in Morus alba. Further, thirty accessions based on rooting ability were evaluated for field resistance at four different locations with infested soil. Finally, eight germplasm accessions; BR-8, Karanjtoli-1, Hosur-C8, Nagalur Estate, Tippu, Calabresa, Thai Pecah and SRDC-3 were identified as potential genetic sources in RKN resistance breeding programs or as resistant rootstock for the establishment of mulberry gardens. Sixteen SSR markers analyzed among the 77 resistant and susceptible accessions, generated 55 alleles, ranging from 2 to 5 with an average of 3.43 alleles per locus. Principle coordinate analysis grouped the accessions on the basis of RKN susceptible and resistant to a greater extent. The RKN susceptible accessions exhibited higher variability as compared to resistant accessions and they were more dispersed. Analysis of molecular variance showed that maximum molecular variance (78%) within the population and 22% between populations. Results of this study indicate that SSR markers are reliable for assessing genetic variability among the RKN resistant and susceptible mulberry accessions.

scholarly journals The Association Between In Vitro Propiconazole Sensitivity and Field Efficacy of Five New England Sclerotinia homoeocarpa Populations

Plant Disease ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 96 (4) ◽  
pp. 552-561 ◽  
Author(s):  
James T. Popko ◽  
Chang-Ho Ok ◽  
Katie Campbell-Nelson ◽  
Geunhwa Jung
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Field Resistance ◽  
Golf Club ◽  
Sclerotinia Homoeocarpa ◽  
Dollar Spot ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Turfgrass Disease ◽  
Country Club ◽  
Field Efficacy

Dollar spot (Sclerotinia homoeocarpa) is a major turfgrass disease requiring fungicide application to maintain acceptable conditions for golf. A 2-year field experiment was conducted to determine the association between field efficacy of propiconazole and in vitro fungicide sensitivity of isolates from five S. homoeocarpa populations. Four golf courses with prior propiconazole exposure (Hartford Golf Club, Hickory Ridge Country Club, Shuttle Meadow Country Club, and Wintonbury Hills Golf Club), and a baseline site with no prior propiconazole exposure (Joseph Troll Turf Research Facility) were chosen as field sites. Experimental plots at each site received the following treatments at 21-day intervals: untreated, propiconazole (0.44, 0.88, 1.32, and 1.76 kg a.i. ha–1), and chlorothalonil (8.18 kg a.i. ha–1). S. homoeocarpa isolates were sampled at three time points during 2009 and 2010: initial (directly before fungicide treatment), 7 days after treatment (DAT), and 21 days after the last treatment. Isolates sampled from dollar spot infection centers at 7 DAT (2009 and 2010) were considered to exhibit “practical field resistance”. In parallel, S. homoeocarpa isolates from each site were assayed for in vitro sensitivity to propiconazole by determining relative mycelium growth percentages (RMG%) on potato dextrose agar amended with propiconazole at a discriminatory concentration of 0.1 μg a.i. ml–1. S. homoeocarpa isolates from the four exposed populations displayed significantly higher RMG% values than the baseline population. In general, field efficacy at all propiconazole rates tested was lower at the four locations with prior propiconazole exposure when compared with the baseline population. Increased RMG% values on the propiconazole discriminatory concentration 0.1 μg a.i. ml–1 were associated with decreased relative control values for all propiconazole rates in 2009 and 2010. Results suggest RMG values above 50% at the propiconazole discriminatory concentration of 0.1 μg a.i. ml–1 may be a suitable threshold for detection of S. homoeocarpa isolates that cause practical DMI field resistance.

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