Evidence for Facilitation of Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae) Life History Traits by the Nonnative Invasive Shrub Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii)

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1584-1593 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Shewhart ◽  
Ryan W. McEwan ◽  
M. Eric Benbow
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Lonicera Maackii ◽  
Amur Honeysuckle ◽  
Invasive Shrub

Interaction of a pesticide and larval competition on life history traits of Culex pipiens

Acta Tropica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ephantus J. Muturi ◽  
Katie Costanzo ◽  
Banugopan Kesavaraju ◽  
Richard Lampman ◽  
Barry W. Alto
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Larval Competition

Using a Stable Isotope to Label Seeds and Seedlings of an Invasive Shrub, Lonicera maackii

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven M. Castellano ◽  
David L. Gorchov
Keyword(s):  
Stable Isotope ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Plant Invasions ◽  
Lonicera Maackii ◽  
Amur Honeysuckle ◽  
Invasive Shrub ◽  
N Enrichment ◽  
Patterns And Processes ◽  
Spray Treatment

AbstractSeed dispersal is a crucial process in most plant invasions, but is notoriously difficult to study. One technique to identify the maternal source of dispersed seeds and newly established seedlings is labeling with a stable isotope. We tested whether foliar application of 15N-labeled urea would result in sufficient 15N enrichment to discriminate among seeds and seedlings grown from those seeds of the invasive shrub Lonicera maackii (Amur honeysuckle). We subjected mature L. maackii to all combinations of three concentrations of 15N-labeled urea (0.025 g L−1 [0.003 oz gal−1], 0.20 g L−1, and a 0 g L−1 control) and three temporal treatments (one application in August, one application in September, and five applications spaced every three weeks from June through August). Seeds were collected September to November; some of these were analyzed for %15N and others allowed to germinate and grow into seedlings under two treatments (in potting mix in greenhouse and in woodlot soil outdoors). Seedlings were harvested midway through the next growing season. We found that seeds from plants subjected to the three different concentrations had significantly different %15N levels, and there was a significant interaction between concentration and temporal treatment: the highest seed %15N levels were from plants sprayed five times with 15N-labeled urea, and the second highest from plants sprayed once in September. Similar patterns in %15N levels were found in seedlings, except that those from the 0.025 g L−1 spray treatment were only distinguishable from controls for seedlings grown outdoors in woodlot soil. These findings demonstrate that a single foliar application of 15N in early September is sufficient to label both seeds and seedlings of this invasive shrub, enabling one to identify the source of field-collected seeds or seedlings. This provides a tool for studying patterns and processes in seed dispersal of Amur honeysuckle and potentially other invasive plants.

scholarly journals Effect of Neonicotinoid Exposure on the Life History Traits and Susceptibility to Plasmodium Infection on the Major Avian Malaria Vector Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

Parasitologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Romain Pigeault ◽  
Danaé Bataillard ◽  
Olivier Glaizot ◽  
Philippe Christe
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Culex Pipiens ◽  
Malaria Parasite ◽  
Avian Malaria ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Pathogen Transmission ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Parasite Plasmodium ◽  
Avian Malaria Parasite ◽  
The Impact

Culex pipiens complexes play an important role in the transmission of a wide range of pathogens that infect humans, including viruses and filarial worms, as well as pathogens of wildlife, such as the avian malaria parasite (Plasmodium spp.). Numerous biotic and abiotic stresses influence vector-borne pathogen transmission directly, through changes in vector density, or indirectly by changing vector immunocompetence, lifespan, or reproductive potential. Among these stresses, mosquito exposure to sublethal doses of pesticides could have important consequences. In addition to being exposed to pollutants in aquatic breeding sites, mosquitoes can also be exposed to chemicals as adults through their diet (plant nectar). In this study, we explored the impact of mosquito exposure at the larval and adult stages to one of the most commonly used pesticides, imidacloprid, a chemical belonging to the class of the neonicotinoids, on a set of life history traits ranging from development time to fecundity. We also studied the impact of this pesticide on the susceptibility of mosquitoes to infection by the avian malaria parasite, Plasmodium relictum. Surprisingly, we observed no effects of imidacloprid on any of the parameters examined. This result highlights the fact that Culex pipiens mosquitoes do not appear to be susceptible to imidacloprid when exposure doses are close to those measured in the field.

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