Effects of Entomopathogenic Fungus Species, and Impact of Fertilizers, on Biological Control of Pecan Weevil (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 253-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
David I. Shapiro-Ilan ◽  
Wayne A. Gardner ◽  
Lenny Wells ◽  
Ted E. Cottrell ◽  
Robert W. Behle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Fungus Species

scholarly journals Phototoxicity of Ultraviolet-A against the Whitefly Bemisia tabaci and Its Compatibility with an Entomopathogenic Fungus and Whitefly Parasitoid

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Muhammad Musa Khan ◽  
Ze-Yun Fan ◽  
Dylan O’Neill Rothenberg ◽  
Jing Peng ◽  
Muhammad Hafeez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Bemisia Tabaci ◽  
Exposure Time ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Encarsia Formosa ◽  
Parasitism Rate ◽  
Invertebrate Pests

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation significantly affects insect life and, as a result, has been widely used to control different invertebrate pests. The current results demonstrate that when Bemisia tabaci first instar nymphs are exposed to UV-A light for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, their developmental and biological parameters are negatively affected by UV-A exposure; the effect increased with an increase in exposure time. We hypothesized that UV-A light is compatible with other biological control agents. Results showed that when the entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps fumosorosea was applied to third instar nymphs of B. tabaci previously exposed to UV-A light, the LC50 was 3.4% lower after 72 h of exposure to UV-A light compared to the control. However, when the fungus was exposed to UV-A light, its virulence decreased with an increase in UV-A exposure time. The parasitism rate of Encarsia formosa against 24 h UV-A-exposed third instar nymphs of B. tabaci increased while the adult emergence from parasitized nymphs was not affected after UV-A light exposure. Parasitism rate was significantly reduced however following E. formosa exposure to UV-A light; but again, adult emergence was not affected from parasitized nymphs. The percentage mortality of E. formosa increased with increasing exposure time to UV-A light. The enzyme activity of SOD, CAT, GST, and AChE and the energy reserve contents were negatively affected due to UV-A exposure. Collectively, this study has demonstrated that UV-A light significantly suppresses the immune system of B. tabaci and that UV-A light is compatible with other biological control agents if it is applied separately from the biological agent.

scholarly journals COMPATIBILITY OF NEUTRAL DETERGENT WITH THE ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS METARHIZIUM ANISOPLIAE (METSCH.) SOROK.

2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-474
Author(s):  
E.S. Harterreiten-Souza ◽  
L.G.A. Pessoa ◽  
E. de S. Loureiro
Keyword(s):  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Metarhizium Anisopliae ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Tween 80 ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Fungus Species ◽  
Hydrophobic Character ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Conidia Production

ABSTRACT Entomopathogenic fungi have been widely used in pests control. The main diluent for its application in the field is water, and due to its hydrophobic character, its dispersion in the environment is complicated. Several products may be mixed to the sprays, allowing the dissolution and the dispersion of the fungus in the spray. Yet, some of these products may influence in the viability, sporulation or even in its genetic composition, changing its virulence. This paper aimed to evaluate the effect of a neutral detergent about the viability of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae. Three different concentrations of a neutral detergent (Ipê®) were used: 0.01%, 0.02%, 0.03% and an adhesive spreader (Tween 80) was used in the control. The percentage of conidia germination, the number of colony forming units (CFU), vegetative growth and the number of produced conidia were evaluated. There was no effect of the different concentrations of the neutral detergent on the germination. All detergent concentrations affected negatively in the vegetative growth of the fungus. Only the detergent at 0.01% of concentration did not affect the CFU number and the conidia production of the fungus. So, this is the only concentration classified as compatible for M. anisopliae, which may be recommended to promote the conidia dispersion of this fungus species in water.

scholarly journals Immune Response of Mormon Crickets That Survived Infection byBeauveria bassiana

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert B. Srygley ◽  
Stefan T. Jaronski
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Beauveria Bassiana ◽  
Sunflower Oil ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Mormon Cricket ◽  
Anabrus Simplex ◽  
Dose Dependent

Beauveria bassiana(Fungi: Ascomycota) is an entomopathogenic fungus that serves as a biological control agent of Mormon cricketsAnabrus simplexHaldeman (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae) and other grasshopper pests. To measure the dose-dependent response of Mormon crickets to fungal attack, we appliedB. bassianastrain GHA topically to adults using doses of 5.13 ×  to 1.75 ×  conidia in sunflower oil, with oil only as a control. After three weeks, we assessed the survivors' hemolymph for fungal cells, active phenoloxidase (PO), and lysozyme. Mortality increased and body mass of survivors decreased with conidial dose. survivors' PO activity was elevated to the same level independent of dose. Those with fungal cells visible in their hemolymph did not differ in PO activity from those with clear hemolymph. We conclude that circulating PO may be an important enzymatic defense againstBeauveriainfection and that it is associated with attempted clearing ofBeauveriablastospores and hyphae from Mormon cricket hemolymph.

scholarly journals First record of Ophiocordyceps dipterigena (Ascomycota: Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) infecting adults of Melanagromyza sojae (Diptera: Agromyzidae) in Brazil

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldo Salgado-Neto ◽  
Priscila Andre Sanz-Veiga ◽  
Marcos André Braz Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Adult Stage ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
First Record ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Agricultural Pests

ABSTRACT: This note is the first report on the infection of adult stage of Melanagromyza sojae Zehntner, 1900 (Diptera: Agromyzidae) by the entomopathogenic fungus Ophiocordyceps dipterigena (Hypocreales: Ophiocordycipitaceae) (Berk. & Broome) G. H. Sung, J.M. Sung, Hywel-Jones & Spatafora, in subtropical Brazil. Entomopathogenic fungi, which attack dipteran insects, are of great scientific and economic importance mainly due to their potential as biological control agents of insect pests. Our findings bring new perspectives on the geographical distribution and host range of Ophiocordyceps dipterigena. We emphasize the need of further studies and research on new biological control agents of agricultural pests such as the soybean stem miner fly.

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