Field Trials of Aggregation Pheromones for the Stink Bugs Chlorochroa uhleri and Chlorochroa sayi (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae)

2010 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 1603-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyn G. Millar ◽  
Heather M. McBrien ◽  
J. Steven McElfresh
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Aggregation Pheromones ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Chlorochroa Sayi ◽  
Chlorochroa Uhleri

scholarly journals Exploiting Thrips Aggregation Pheromones to Develop a Lure-and-Kill Strategy for the Management of the Bean Flower Thrips

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1269
Author(s):  
David K. Mfuti ◽  
Amanuel Tamiru ◽  
William D. J. Kirk ◽  
Adeyemi O. Akinyemi ◽  
Heather Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiments ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Aggregation Pheromones ◽  
Megalurothrips Sjostedti ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Antifungal Effects ◽  
Field Efficacy ◽  
Management Alternative ◽  
Trap Catches

The potential of semiochemicals to lure insect pests to a trap where they can be killed with biopesticides has been demonstrated as an eco-friendly pest management alternative. In this study, we tested two recently characterized male-produced aggregation pheromones of the bean flower thrips Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom), namely (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate (major) and (R)-lavandulol (minor), for their field efficacy. Moreover, compatibility of these pheromones and two other thrips attractants, Lurem-TR and neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate, with the entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae ICIPE 69 has been determined. Our study revealed that the M. sjostedti aggregation pheromones have dose-dependent antifungal effects on the EPF viability, but showed no fungistatic effect at a field-realistic dose for attraction of thrips. (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate had similar antifungal effects as neryl (S)-2-methylbutanoate 8 days after exposure; whereas, Lurem-TR had a stronger antifungal effect than other thrips attractants. In the semi-field experiments, all autoinoculation devices maintained at least 86% viability of M. anisopliae conidia after 12 days of exposure. Field trials demonstrated for the first time that (R)-lavandulyl 3-methylbutanoate increases trap catches. Our findings pave a way for designing a lure-and-kill thrips management strategy to control bean flower thrips using autoinoculation devices or spot spray application.

scholarly journals Susceptibility of corn to stink bug (Dichelops melacanthus) and its management through seed treatment

2019 ◽  
pp. 2015-2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Roberto da Silva ◽  
Ademar Novais Istchuk ◽  
Thomas E. Hunt ◽  
Cristina Schetino Bastos ◽  
Jorge Braz Torres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Adult Mortality ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Fungicide Treatment ◽  
Female Pair ◽  
Yield Gain ◽  
Corn Plants

We determined the susceptibility of vegetative corn stages to Dichelops melacanthus damage, and how seed treatment can reduce damage and yield loss. Two field trials were carried out. In the first, corn plants were artificially infested with D. melacanthus male/female pairs at rate of 0.5 pair per plant at different vegetative stages and infestation periods lasting 7-28 days (V1-V3, V1-V5, V1-V7, V1-V9, V3-V5, V3-V7, V3-V9, V5-V7, V5-V9, and V7-V9), plus a control without infestation. In the second, corn plants were artificially infested at a rate of one male/female pair per plant at different vegetative stages and infestation periods (V1-V3, V1-V5, V1-V7, V3-V5, V3-V7 and V5-V7) and treated with two pesticide seed coatings: (i) fungicide [carbendazim + thiram (150 g i.a. per L and 350 g i.a. per L)] + insecticide [clothianidin (600 g i.a. per L)] or (ii) only fungicide (carbendazim + thiram), plus three controls without infestation and with only fungicide-treatment (V1-V7, V3-V7 and V5-V7). In both trials, plants were caged during the entire period in order to hold stink bugs in contact with plants and to avoid injury from other arthropods. The most stink bug susceptible corn growth periods were from V1-V5 and from V1-V7. Seed treatment with clothianidin at the rate of 3.5 mL per Kg during the most susceptible infestation periods increased yield gain of 37.8 to 61%. Treatment with clothianidin during V1-V5 and V1-V7 caused 40% to 50% D. melacanthus adult mortality, respectively.

Interactions in Entomology: Mid-Season Dimilin and Boron Treatment Impact on the Incidence of Arthropod Pests and Yield Enhancement of Soybeans

1999 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. M. McPherson ◽  
G. J. Gascho
Keyword(s):  
Pest Control ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Insect Growth Regulator ◽  
Yield Enhancement ◽  
Anticarsia Gemmatalis ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Arthropod Pests

Twelve replicated soybean field trials were conducted in 1993–1997 to evaluate the effects of a foliar application of the insect growth regulator Dimilin® (0.07 or 0.035 kg Al/ha) and the plant nutrient boron (0.28 kg nutrient/ha) on the incidence of insect pests and the enhancement of yield and quality. Dimilin (diflurbenzuron) was very effective at all test locations in controlling velvetbean caterpillars, Anticarsia gemmatalis Hübner, for the remainder of the season once the foliar application was made on soybeans in the R2 (full bloom) to R5 (pods filling with seeds) growth stage. Six of the test sites had significant yield increases in the Dimilin plots due to protection from economic crop injury from this pest. Dimilin was not effective in controlling stink bugs, primarily Nezara viridula (L.) and Euschistus servus (Say), and Mexican bean beetles, Epilachna varivestis Mulsant. Scout® (tralomethrin) and MVP® (Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner) did not provide adequate residual pest control when combined with the boron treatment. Yield enhancements from boron (Solubor®, soluble disodium octaborate tetrahydrate) were observed in seven tests, but yields were significantly higher than the no boron treatments in only three experiments. The nutrient applications did not influence the abundance of arthropod pests at any test location. The overall soybean yield enhancement of around 440 kg/ha (6.5 bu/a) above the untreated plots represents a positive net economic return for the total investment of around $55 per ha. Dimilin accounted for most of the yield increase due to effective pest control, but the addition of boron costs very little ($3.00/ha) with a return of about 35 kg/ha across all soil types (higher response in sandy soils). It appears that a dimilin/boron foliar application around R3 stage soybeans (small pods forming) can be a profitable strategy in south Georgia, especially in areas where velvetbean caterpillars are annual economic pests and the fields contain sandy soil with low levels of available boron.

scholarly journals The aggregation pheromones of thrips (Thysanoptera) and their potential for pest management

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (02) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. J. Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Frankliniella Occidentalis ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Aggregation Pheromones ◽  
Mass Trapping ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Thrips Palmi

AbstractAggregation pheromones have been identified and tested in the field forFrankliniella occidentalisandThrips palmi. These pheromones are produced by adult males and attract both males and females. They are likely to be widespread across the Thripidae and identification is in progress for several other pest species. Aggregation pheromones are used commercially for monitoring and activation. Field trials have shown they can be cost effective for mass trapping when used as part of an integrated pest management (IPM) programme. Use for other approaches, such as lure and kill and mating disruption have not yet been tested. A better understanding of the role of these pheromones in the mating behaviour of thrips is needed and this may suggest further ways of developing their potential for pest management.

Efficacy of Insecticides Against Acrosternum hilare and Euschistus servus (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) in Virginia and North Carolina

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine L. Kamminga ◽  
D. Ames Herbert ◽  
Thomas P. Kuhar ◽  
Sean Malone ◽  
Amanda Koppel
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Acrosternum Hilare ◽  
Neonicotinoid Insecticides ◽  
Euschistus Servus ◽  
Green Stink Bug ◽  
Laboratory Bioassays

Laboratory bioassays and field trials were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of selected organophosphate, pyrethroid, and neonicotinoid insecticides, as well as a chitin inhibitor, novaluron, against 2 common stink bug pests in Virginia, the green stink bug, Acrosternum hilare (Say), and the brown stink bug, Euschistus servus (Say). Green bean dip bioassays revealed differences in insecticide susceptibility between the 2 species. Acrosternum hilare adults were highly susceptible to all pyrethroids tested, the organophosphates except acephate, and the neonicotinoids except acetamiprid. Acrosternum hilare nymphs were also susceptible to all pyrethroids tested. In general, the neonicotinoids, dinotefuran and clothianidin, were toxic to A. hilare, whereas thiamethoxam and acetamiprid were toxic to E. servus. In field trials in soybean, the neonicotinoids, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, and thiamethoxam were efficacious at controlling stink bugs and, in general, performed comparably to the organophosphates and pyrethroids. These results indicate that neonicotinoid insecticides offer an alternative to growers for managing stink bugs that may fit with integrated pest management programs where conservation of natural enemies is a consideration.

scholarly journals Stink Bug Communication with Multimodal Signals Transmitted through Air and Substrate

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 407-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Čokl ◽  
Alenka Žunič-Kosi ◽  
Raul Alberto Laumann
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Multimodal Communication ◽  
Signal Frequency ◽  
Aggregation Pheromones ◽  
Stink Bug ◽  
Stink Bugs ◽  
Visual Contact ◽  
Communication Signals ◽  
Multicomponent Signals ◽  
Vibratory Signals

This review represents complex mechanisms and processes of multimodal communication in stink bugs. During reproductive behavior the airborne and substrate-borne signals enable mate recognition, mediate directionality of movement, eliminate rivals and motivate partners for copulation. Species specific characteristics prevent hybridization at various levels of mating behavior. Male sex and/or aggregation pheromones as uni- or multicomponent signals attract mates to land on the same plant and there, trigger females to call males by vibratory signals, transmitted through the plant. Communication during courtship runs at short distance with visual, airborne, substrate-borne and contact chemical and mechanical signals. Abdomen vibrations produce the main repertoire of female and male calling, courtship and rival vibratory signals. To increase their informational value, stink bugs tune signal frequency, amplitude and temporal characteristics with mechanical properties of plants. The airborne component of species non-specific and high amplitude signals, produced by body tremulation and wing buzzing enables communication contact between mates standing on mechanically isolated plants. Female vibratory signals increase the amount of male emitted pheromone and the latter keeps female calling. Interaction, synergy and characteristics of visual, contact chemical and vibratory signals, exchanged during courtship remain under-investigated. Female and male competition for access to copulation in imbalanced sex conditions is characterized by duetting with rival song vibratory signals. Different receptors in and on different parts of the body are able to detect with high sensitivity multimodal airborne and substrate-borne communication signals. The relevance of the multimodal communication for the reproductive success of stink bugs is discussed.

Subtypes of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence From DSM-IV Field Trials

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. B. Lahey ◽  
B. Applegate ◽  
K. McBurnett ◽  
J. Biederman ◽  
L. Greenhill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Dsm Iv

Designing and Implementing Randomized Field Trials of Interventions in Schools

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Bohrnstedt ◽  
Jeanne Poduska ◽  
Mike Garet ◽  
Sheppard Kellam ◽  
David Myers
Keyword(s):  
Field Trials ◽  
Randomized Field Trials
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