scholarly journals Phylogeny and Genetic Diversity of Flea Beetles (Aphthona sp.) Introduced to North America as Biological Control Agents for Leafy Spurge

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 966-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Roehrdanz ◽  
R. Bourchier ◽  
A. Cortilet ◽  
D. Olson ◽  
S. Sears
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Flea Beetles

Yellow Brazilian Pepper-tree Leaf Galler (suggested common name) Calophya latiforceps Burckhardt (Insecta: Hemiptera: Calophyidae: Calophyinae)

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
James P. Cuda ◽  
Patricia Prade ◽  
Carey R. Minteer-Killian
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Classical Biological Control ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Pepper Tree ◽  
Brazilian Pepper ◽  
Close Relatives ◽  
Tree Leaf

In the late 1970s, Brazilian peppertree, Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (Sapindales: Anacardiaceae), was targeted for classical biological control in Florida because its invasive properties (see Host Plants) are consistent with escape from natural enemies (Williams 1954), and there are no native Schinus spp. in North America. The lack of native close relatives should minimize the risk of damage to non-target plants from introduced biological control agents (Pemberton 2000). [...]

Phenology of first and peak emergence of Aphthona lacertosa and A. nigriscutis: Two flea beetles introduced for biological control of leafy spurge, Euphorbia esula L.

2006 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke C. Skinner ◽  
David W. Ragsdale ◽  
Richard W. Hansen ◽  
Monika A. Chandler ◽  
Greg Spoden
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Euphorbia Esula ◽  
Flea Beetles ◽  
Aphthona Lacertosa

scholarly journals Temporal Asynchrony of Adult Emergence Between Leucopis argenticollis and Leucopis piniperda (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae), Predators of the Hemlock Woolly Adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae), with Implications for Biological Control

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 823-828
Author(s):  
Alex N Neidermeier ◽  
Darrell W Ross ◽  
Nathan P Havill ◽  
Kimberly F Wallin
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Pacific Northwest ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Hemlock Woolly Adelgid ◽  
Adelges Tsugae ◽  
Tsuga Heterophylla ◽  
Eastern North America ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
The Pacific

Abstract Two species of silver fly, Leucopis argenticollis (Zetterstedt) and Leucopis piniperda (Malloch) (Diptera: Chamaemyiidae), from the Pacific Northwest region of North America have been identified as potential biological control agents of hemlock woolly adelgid (Hemiptera: Adelgidae: Adelges tsugae Annand) in eastern North America. The two predators are collectively synchronized with A. tsugae development. To determine whether adult emergence of the two species of silver fly are also synchronized with one another, we collected adult Leucopis which emerged from A. tsugae-infested western hemlock [Pinaceae: Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.] from four sites in the Pacific Northwest over a 29-d period. Specimens were collected twice daily in the laboratory and identified to species using DNA barcoding. The study found that more adult Leucopis were collected in the evening than the morning. Additionally, the daily emergences of adults over the 29-d sampling period exhibited sinusoidal-like fluctuations of peak abundance of each species, lending evidence to a pattern of temporal partitioning. This pattern could have logistical implications for their use as biological control agents in eastern North America, namely the need to release both species for maximum efficacy in decreasing A. tsugae populations.

Notes on Insects, Especially Gymnaetron spp. (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), Associated with Toadflax, Liniaria vulgaris Mill. (Scrophulariaceae), in North America

1959 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Morris Smith
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
North America ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
The Other ◽  
Biological Control Agents ◽  
Linaria Vulgaris ◽  
Canadian Provinces

Linaria vulgaris Mill., known commonly as toadflax or butter-and-eggs, is worldwide in its distribution but is a serious weed only in the Canadian provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba (Zilke and Coupland, 1954), where it is increasing in importance (Beck, 1954; Carder, 1956; Forbes, 1957). Smith (1956) correlated its relative insignificance as a weed in the other provinces and in the northwestern United States with the occurrence of the curculionid beetle Gylmnaetron antirrhini (Payk.). Investigations on this and other insects that feed on toadflax and an evaluation of their possible use as biological control agents are reported in this paper; also included are some observations on the weedand its natural enemies made since 1950 in all provinces west of Quebec and in the northwestern United States.

scholarly journals Application of chemotaxonomy of leafy spurges (Euphorbia spp.) in biological control

1992 ◽  
Vol 70 (8) ◽  
pp. 1529-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antony N. G. Holden ◽  
Paul G. Mahlberg
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Biological Control ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
North America ◽  
South Dakota ◽  
Leafy Spurge ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Plant Sources ◽  
European Group

Triterpenoid profiles from latex of 56 accessions of European leafy spurges (Euphorbia spp.) were analyzed by gas–liquid chromatography. Qualitative and quantitative differences for components of the profiles were employed to distinguish between accessions. Triterpenoid profiles were diagnostic for the species, E. amygdaloides, E. agraria, E. cyparissias, E. lucida, and E. seguierana and were similar for each of these species in accessions collected from distant areas of Europe. By contrast, the 37 accessions of the E. esula complex were separated into 15 groups on qualitative and quantitative differences for components in the profiles. Identical profiles were detected among neighbouring accessions as well as those in collections from widely distant sites; conversely, different profiles also were identified for such collections. Profiles among these groups were compared with profiles of 39 United States (US) accessions of leafy spurge from Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota. Profiles of US accessions, which were less variable than those from Europe, grouped into only 3 of the 15 European groups, whereas one US group could not be placed directly into a European group. This study demonstrates that latex analyses of European leafy spurges can distinguish between spurge populations and will identify potential plant sources of biocontrol agents for application against their leafy spurge counterparts in North America. Key words: leafy spurge, Euphorbia, latex, triterpenoids, gas–liquid chromatography.

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