scholarly journals Inhibitor of Cysteine Peptidase Does Not Influence the Development of Leishmania mexicana in Lutzomyia longipalpis

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucie Jecna ◽  
Anna Svarovska ◽  
Sebastien Besteiro ◽  
Jeremy C. Mottram ◽  
Graham H. Coombs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Cysteine Peptidase

scholarly journals Cysteine Peptidase B Regulates Leishmania mexicana Virulence through the Modulation of GP63 Expression

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. e1005658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre-André Casgrain ◽  
Caroline Martel ◽  
W. Robert McMaster ◽  
Jeremy C. Mottram ◽  
Martin Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Cysteine Peptidase

Leishmania in phlebotomid sandflies I. Modifications of the flagellum associated with attachment to the mid-gut and oesophageal valve of the sandfly

1974 ◽  
Vol 187 (1089) ◽  
pp. 409-419 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Peritrophic Membrane ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Epithelial Surface ◽  
Junctional Complexes ◽  
Hind Gut

The modes of attachment of promastigotes of Leishmania mexicana amazonensis in the gut of experimentally infected sandflies ( Lutzomyia longipalpis ) were examined with the electron microscope. During the second and third days after an infective blood meal, parasites multiplied inside the meal, which was encased in a peritrophic membrane in the posterior mid-gut; some nectomonads at the periphery of the meal became embedded in the membrane, which prevented contact between the parasites and the microvilli of the wall of the gut. As the digested blood meal passed into the hind-gut on the second or third day, some of the cells of the wall of the mid-gut were shed into the lumen, and the microvilli were then reduced in height and occupied a smaller area of the epithelial surface. On the fourth and fifth days, as the microvilli lengthened and increased in surface area, the parasites became attached to the microvilli of the posterior mid-gut by inserting their flagella between them; no junctional complexes were observed between the flagella of nectomonads and microvilli. The flagella of some unattached parasites became greatly swollen and membranous whorls began to form in the flagellar sheath. In the cardia, the promastigotes transformed from slender nectomonads to fat haptomonads. The latter forms were tightly, packed against one another and against the microvilli of the cardia, but were not attached to this part of the gut. However, in the oesophageal valve where the lining of the alimentary canal changed into cuticle, many haptomonads formed hemidesmosomes within their flagellar sheaths and became attached to the cuticular lining of the valve and the posterior part of the oesophagus. These modes of attachment are compared with those of other trypanosomatids, and their possible importance in the establishment of infections in the anterior station of sandflies and transmission by bite is discussed.

scholarly journals Characterization of Glycoside Hydrolase Families 13 and 31 Reveals Expansion and Diversification of α-Amylase Genes in the Phlebotomine Lutzomyia longipalpis and Modulation of Sandfly Glycosidase Activities by Leishmania Infection

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara Graciane da Costa-Latgé ◽  
Paul Bates ◽  
Rod Dillon ◽  
Fernando Ariel Genta
Keyword(s):  
Glycoside Hydrolase ◽  
The Body ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolases ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Leishmania Infection ◽  
Glycoside Hydrolase Family ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Hydrolase Family ◽  
Dipteran Species

Sugar-rich food sources are essential for sandflies to meet their energy demands, achieving more prolonged survival. The digestion of carbohydrates from food is mainly realized by glycoside hydrolases (GH). To identify genes coding for α-glycosidases and α-amylases belonging to Glycoside Hydrolase Family 13 (GH13) and Glycoside Hydrolase Family 31 (GH31) in Lutzomyia longipalpis, we performed an HMMER search against its genome using known sequences from other dipteran species. The sequences retrieved were classified based on BLASTP best hit, analysis of conserved regions by alignment with sequences of proteins with known structure, and phylogenetic analysis comparing with orthologous proteins from other dipteran species. Using RT-PCR analysis, we evaluated the expression of GH13 and GH31 genes, in the gut and rest of the body of females, in four different conditions: non-fed, sugar-fed, blood-fed, and Leishmania mexicana infected females. L. longipalpis has GH13/31 genes that code for enzymes involved in various aspects of sugar metabolism, as carbohydrate digestion, storage, and mobilization of glycogen reserves, proteins involved in transport, control of N-glycosylation quality, as well as others with a putative function in the regulation of myogenesis. These proteins are representatives of GH13 and GH31 families, and their roles seem to be conserved. Most of the enzymes seem to be active with conserved consense sequences, including the expected catalytic residues. α-amylases also demonstrated the presence of calcium and chloride binding sites. L. longipalpis genome shows an expansion in the α-amylase gene family, with two clusters. In contrast, a retraction in the number of α-glucosidases occurred. The expansion of α-amylases is probably related to the specialization of these proteins for different substrates or inhibitors, which might correlate with the higher diversity of plant foods available in the natural habitat of L. longipalpis. The expression of α-glucosidase genes is higher in blood-fed females, suggesting their role in blood digestion. Besides that, in blood-fed females infected with the parasite Leishmania mexicana, these genes were also modulated. Glycoside Hydrolases from families 13 and 31 are essential for the metabolism of L. longipalpis, and GH13 enzymes seem to be involved in the interaction between sandflies and Leishmania.

scholarly journals Development of Leishmania mexicana in Lutzomyia longipalpis in the absence of sugar feeding

2019 ◽  
Vol 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samara G da Costa ◽  
Caroline da Silva Moraes ◽  
Paul Bates ◽  
Rod Dillon ◽  
Fernando Ariel Genta
Keyword(s):  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Sugar Feeding

scholarly journals Experimental infection of Lutzomyia longipalpis fed on a patient with cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania mexicana amazonensis

1986 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonidas M. Deane ◽  
Elizabeth Ferreira Rangel ◽  
Manoel Paes-Oliveira ◽  
Gabriel Grimaldi Junior ◽  
Hooman Momen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Experimental Infection ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Phlebotomine Sandflies

The authors were able to infect phlebotomine sandflies on a human case of American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis by feeding females of Lutzomyia longipalpis on a patient with a lesion due to Leishmania mexicana amazonensis.

scholarly journals Flagellates in the Malpighian tubules of laboratory-bred Lutzomyia longipalpis fed on a hamster experimentally infected with Leishmania mexicana amazonensis

1985 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Ferreira Rangel ◽  
Leonidas M. Deane ◽  
Gabriel Grimaldi Filho ◽  
Nataly A. de Souza ◽  
Eduardo D. Wermelinger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Immunoradiometric Assay ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Experimental Infections ◽  
Preparatory Stage

As a preparatory stage for a study aiming at identifying the species and subspecies of local Leishmania in naturally infected sandflies through immunoradiometric assay with monoclonal antibodies, we tried to obtain experimental infections of phlebotomines with well characterized stocks of parasites, in order to test the effectiveness of the method.

scholarly journals Leishmania mexicana in Proechimys iheringi denigratus Moojen (Rodentia, Echimyidae) in a region endemic for American cutaneous leishmaniasis

1985 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 243-246 ◽  
Author(s):  
Air C. Barretto ◽  
Norman E. Peterson ◽  
Ednaldo Lago ◽  
Ana C. Rosa ◽  
Rosely S.M. Braga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
First Record ◽  
Skin Tissue ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Isoenzyme Analysis ◽  
The Third ◽  
American Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ◽  
Forest Region ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Three isolates of Leishmania were recovered from five of 27 specimens of the rodent Proechimys iheringi denigratus Moojen captured near Três Braços in the Atlantic Forest region of Bahia, Brazil. Two of these isolates were recovered from hamsters inoculated with a pooled triturate of liver, spleen and skin tissue from apparently healthy P. i. denigratus. The third isolate was recovered from a triturate of only skin tissue from another. Metastasis was observed in the inoculated hamsters, the parasites grew abundantly in artificial media and a typical suprapylarial pattern of infection in Lutzomyia longipalpis was produced indicating that the parasites belong to the Leishmania mexicana complex. All isolates reacted with Leishmania mexicana mexicana and Leishmania mexicana amazonensis monoclonal antibodies. The isoenzyme analysis differentiated these isolates from standard isolates of L. m. mexicana, L. m. amazonensis, L. m. aristedesi, L. m. pifanoi, L. m. garnhami and L. m. ssp.(Goiás-W. Barbosa). These isolates seem to be a subspecies of L. mexicana very closely related to L. m. amazonensis from which they differ by decreased electrophoretic mobility of GPI, PEP and ALAT. This is the first record of the isolation of a parasite of thegenus Leishmania in a rodent captured in the State of Bahia.

Leishmania in phlebotomid sandflies III. The ultrastructure of Leishmania mexicana amazonensis in the midgut and pharynx of Lutzomyia longipalpis

1975 ◽  
Vol 190 (1100) ◽  
pp. 341-357 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fine Structure ◽  
Basal Body ◽  
Coated Vesicles ◽  
Contractile Vacuole ◽  
Lutzomyia Longipalpis ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Cultural Forms

The fine structure of the promastigotes of Leishmania mexicana amazonensis in the midgut, cardia, oesophageal valve and pharynx of the sandfly Lutzomyia longipalpis is described. Differences were found between the nectomonad and the haptomonad promastigotes. There were fewer subpellicular microtubules in the nectomonads than in the fatter haptomonads; the mitochondrion of nectomonads was a single straight longitudinal ramus while that of haptomonads had a tortuous shape; the kinetoplast and nucleus lay closer together in the haptomonads which also had fewer free ribosomes and lipid containing bodies than the nectomonads; the nucleus was spherical in haptomonads but elongate in nectomonads. The reservoir region in the nectomonads was notably voluminous and the surface was modified for pinocytotic uptake of material through coated vesicles, and also for exocytosis. In both haptomonads and nectomonads, a contractile vacuole was present adjacent to the reservoir; flagellar-parasite desmosomes formed a collar anchoring the flagellum as it emerged from the reservoir; four reservoir-associated microtubules ran parallel to the flagellar reservoir; the basal body, axoneme and paraxial rod were similar in structure to those of other trypanosomatids. Apparently intracellular promastigotes were found in the midgut cells. Preliminary studies of pharyngeal forms showed that they were attached by hemidesmosomes to the cuticular pharynx. These forms were not typical promastigotes but had an opisthomastigote-like configuration with the reservoir running past the nucleus. Differences in the ultrastructure of Leishmania in the sandfly and in culture are discussed, and it is concluded that cultural forms should not be considered identical to those in the vector.

scholarly journals Chemical Shift Assignments of Leishmania mexicana ICP, a Novel Cysteine Peptidase Inhibitor

2006 ◽  
Vol 36 (S1) ◽  
pp. 7-7
Author(s):  
Brian O. Smith ◽  
Gareth D. Westrop ◽  
Jeremy C. Mottram ◽  
Graham H. Coombs
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Shift ◽  
Chemical Shift Assignments ◽  
Leishmania Mexicana ◽  
Cysteine Peptidase ◽  
Peptidase Inhibitor
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