scholarly journals Age-Dependent Postdiapause Development in the Gypsy Moth (Lepidoptera: Lymantriidae) Life Stage Model

2009 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
David R. Gray
Keyword(s):  
Gypsy Moth ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Age Dependent

A multitype decomposable age-dependent branching process and its applications

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 591-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinsan Lee ◽  
Grace L. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Branching Process ◽  
Asymptotic Formulas ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Markov Branching Process ◽  
Age Dependent

Asymptotic formulas for means and variances of a multitype decomposable age-dependent supercritical branching process are derived. This process is a generalization of the Kendall–Neyman–Scott two-stage model for tumor growth. Both means and variances have exponential growth rates as in the case of the Markov branching process. But unlike Markov branching, these asymptotic moments depend on the age of the original individual at the start of the process and the life span distribution of the progenies.

scholarly journals Capital structure and the firm’s life stage

2005 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Frielinghaus ◽  
B. Mostert ◽  
C. Firer
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Capital Structure ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Order Theory ◽  
Life Stages ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Pecking Order ◽  
Pecking Order Theory ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

In this paper we argue the case for a relationship between capital structure and a firm’s life stage. We provide an overview of the two sets of theories and follow this with a proposed linkage between the life stage and capital structure. We use the Adizes life stage model to assess the life stage of the firms in our sample. Our pilot study found a statistically significant relationship between life stage and the capital structure of respondents. The nature of the relationship (more debt in the early and late life stages than in prime) supports the pecking order theory of capital structure and suggests a practical use of the life stage model in helping firms to understand how their financing is likely to change over time.

A multitype decomposable age-dependent branching process and its applications

1995 ◽  
Vol 32 (03) ◽  
pp. 591-608
Author(s):  
Chinsan Lee ◽  
Grace L. Yang
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Growth ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Exponential Growth ◽  
Branching Process ◽  
Asymptotic Formulas ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Markov Branching Process ◽  
Age Dependent

Asymptotic formulas for means and variances of a multitype decomposable age-dependent supercritical branching process are derived. This process is a generalization of the Kendall–Neyman–Scott two-stage model for tumor growth. Both means and variances have exponential growth rates as in the case of the Markov branching process. But unlike Markov branching, these asymptotic moments depend on the age of the original individual at the start of the process and the life span distribution of the progenies.

Modelling the retention and survival of Browns Bank haddock larvae using an early life stage model

2001 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 284-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brickman ◽  
N. L. Shackell ◽  
K. T. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Early Life Stage ◽  
Stage Model

scholarly journals Predicting the seasonal phenology of fall webworm (Hyphantria cunea) in New Zealand

2007 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.M. Kean ◽  
L.B. Kumarasinghe
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Hyphantria Cunea ◽  
Local Conditions ◽  
The North ◽  
Model Predictions ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Fall Webworm ◽  
And Control

A cohortbased model for the seasonal phenology of the blackheaded strain of the fall webworm Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera Arctiidae) was constructed from published development rates for each life stage Model predictions were successfully verified against field observations from Japan China Italy Serbia and the USA The model was then used to predict phenology in New Zealand and the potential for establishment near major ports Populations are predicted to be bivoltine in the north and univoltine in central areas but are unlikely to form selfsustaining populations south of Timaru Fall webworm demonstrated the ability to adapt to specific local conditions after its invasion of Japan so the risk may be greater than these results suggest Successful validation of the model means that it could be used to inform surveillance and control operations targeting fall webworm outbreaks overseas and potential invasions into new ranges such as New Zealand

Physical health and well-being: A life stage model

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Kelly ◽  
Sheila Panchal ◽  
Stephen Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Physical Health ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Stage Model ◽  
Health And Well Being

scholarly journals Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling in Risk Assessment: Case Study With Pyrethroids

2020 ◽  
Vol 176 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-469
Author(s):  
Pankajini Mallick ◽  
Gina Song ◽  
Alina Y Efremenko ◽  
Salil N Pendse ◽  
Moire R Creek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Life Stage ◽  
Internal Exposure ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Important Conclusion ◽  
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Physiologically Based ◽  
Age Dependent

Abstract The assessment of potentially sensitive populations is an important application of risk assessment. To address the concern for age-related sensitivity to pyrethroid insecticides, life-stage physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) modeling supported by in vitro to in vivo extrapolation was conducted to predict age-dependent changes in target tissue exposure to 8 pyrethroids. The purpose of this age-dependent dosimetry was to calculate a Data-derived Extrapolation Factor (DDEF) to address age-related pharmacokinetic differences for pyrethroids in humans. We developed a generic human PBPK model for pyrethroids based on our previously published rat model that was developed with in vivo rat data. The results demonstrated that the age-related differences in internal exposure to pyrethroids in the brain are largely determined by the differences in metabolic capacity and in physiology for pyrethroids between children and adults. The most important conclusion from our research is that, given an identical external exposure, the internal (target tissue) concentration is equal or lower in children than in adults in response to the same level of exposure to a pyrethroid. Our results show that, based on the use of the life-stage PBPK models with 8 pyrethroids, DDEF values are essentially close to 1, resulting in a DDEF for age-related pharmacokinetic differences of 1. For risk assessment purposes, this indicates that no additional adjustment factor is necessary to account for age-related pharmacokinetic differences for these pyrethroids.

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