Exemplar Abstract for Clostridium bolteae Song et al. 2003.

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Parker ◽  
Dorothea Taylor ◽  
George M Garrity
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Bolteae

Exemplar Abstract for Clostridium bolteae Song et al. 2003.

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Parker ◽  
Dorothea Taylor ◽  
George M Garrity
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Bolteae

Exemplar Abstract for Clostridium bolteae Song et al. 2003.

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Thomas Parker ◽  
Dorothea Taylor ◽  
George M Garrity
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Bolteae

Mega- and meta-analyses of fecal metagenomic studies in predicting response to immune checkpoint inhibitors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. 2570-2570
Author(s):  
Alya Heirali ◽  
Bo Chen ◽  
Matthew Wong ◽  
Pierre H.H. Schneeberger ◽  
Victor Rey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Metagenomic Data ◽  
Tumor Type ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Clostridium Bolteae

2570 Background: A number of studies have demonstrated that the gut microbiome of responders to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is compositionally different compared to that of non-responders. However, differences in study design, patient cohorts and bioinformatic analyses make it challenging to identify bacterial species consistently associated with response to ICI across different cohorts and cancer types. Methods: We leveraged the statistical power of mega- and meta-analyses to identify bacterial species consistently associated with response to ICI using data from three published fecal metagenomic studies (Gopalakrishnan et al., Science 2018; Matson et al., Science 2018; Routy et al., Science 2018). Metagenomic data was uniformly processed and analyzed using Metaphlan v2.0. We conducted a two-part modelling approach of bacterial species present in at least 20% of samples to account for both prevalence and relative abundance differences between responders/non-responders. Results: A total of 190 patients (n = 103 responders; n = 87 non-responders) were included from the three studies. Data from Routy et al., was analyzed as subsets based on tumor type for a total of 4 analyzed cohorts. We identified five species including Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, Clostridium bolteae, Holdemania filiformis, Clostridiaceae bacterium JC118 and Escherichia coli that were concordantly significantly different between responders and non-responders using both meta- and mega-analyses. B. thetaiotaomicron and Clostridium bolteae relative abundance (RA) were independently predictive of non-response to immunotherapy when data sets were combined and analyzed using mega-analyses (AUC 0.59 95% CI 0.51-0.68 and AUC 0.61 95% CI 0.52-0.69, respectively). Conclusions: Despite inter-cohort heterogeneity in tumor type, treatment regimens, and sequencing modalities, meta- and mega analysis of published metagenomic studies identified generalizable bacterial species associated with ICI response or lack thereof. B. thetaiotaomicron and C. bolteae were predictors of non-response to ICI suggesting the clinical potential of narrow spectrum anti-biotics targeting non-response associated bacterial species to improve outcomes in ICI recipients.

scholarly journals Carbohydrate Scaffolds for the Study of the Autism-associated Bacterium, Clostridium bolteae

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (35) ◽  
pp. 6341-6348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Pequegnat ◽  
Mario A. Monteiro
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Autism Symptoms ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Brain Connection ◽  
Surface Carbohydrates ◽  
Clostridium Bolteae

A large number of children in the autism spectrum disorder suffer from gastrointestinal (GI) conditions, such as constipation and diarrhea. Clostridium bolteae is a part of a set of pathogens being regularly detected in the stool samples of hosts affected by GI and autism symptoms. Accompanying studies have pointed out the possibility that such microbes affect behaviour through the production of neurotoxic metabolites in a so-called, gut-brain connection. As an extension of our Clostridium difficile polysaccharide (PS)-based vaccine research, we engaged in the discovery of C. bolteae surface carbohydrates. So far, studies revealed that C. bolteae produces a specific immunogenic PS capsule comprised of disaccharide repeating blocks of mannose (Manp) and rhamnose (Rhap) units: α-D-Manp-(1→[-4)-β-D-Rhap- (1→3)-α-D-Manp-(1→]n. For vaccinology and further immunogenic experiments, a method to produce C. bolteae PS conjugates has been developed, along with the chemical syntheses of the PS non-reducing end linkage, with D-Rha or L-Rha, α-D-Manp-(1→4)-α-D-Rhap- (1→O(CH2)5NH2 and α-D-Manp-(1→4)-α-L-Rhap-(1→O(CH2)5NH2, equipped with an aminopentyl linker at the reducing end for conjugation purposes. The discovery of C. bolteae PS immunogen opens the door to the creation of non-evasive diagnostic tools to evaluate the frequency and role of this microbe in autistic subjects and to a vaccine to reduce colonization levels in the GI tract, thus impeding the concentration of neurotoxins.

Chemical Synthesis Elucidates the Key Antigenic Epitope of the Autism‐Related Bacterium Clostridium bolteae Capsular Octadecasaccharide

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (46) ◽  
pp. 20710-20718
Author(s):  
Juntao Cai ◽  
Jing Hu ◽  
Chunjun Qin ◽  
Lingxin Li ◽  
Dacheng Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Synthesis ◽  
Antigenic Epitope ◽  
Related Bacterium ◽  
Clostridium Bolteae

scholarly journals Inhibition of Autism Spectrum Disorder Associated Bacteria and C. difficile by Polyols

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
ML Cannon ◽  
M Merchant ◽  
W Kabat ◽  
B Unruh ◽  
A Ramones
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Brain Heart Infusion ◽  
Break Point ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Clostridium Histolyticum ◽  
Inhibition Of Growth ◽  
Visible Growth ◽  
Clostridium Bolteae

Objectives: To determine the effectiveness of erythritol and xylitol in the inhibition of gut bacteria possibly associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and Clostridium difficile Infection (CDI). Methods: Seven bacterial strains associated with ASD, or with CDI and a control probiotic were tested for polyol inhibitory activity: Clostridium histolyticum, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bifidobacterium longham, and two strains each of Clostridium bolteae and difficile. Each strain was grown in brain heart infusion/sucrose media with polyol concentrations varying from 0% to 15% for erythritol and 0% -30 % for xylitol. Growth of Clostridium histolyticum and Bifidobacterium longham was measured after 24 hours while all other strains were evaluated at 48 hours to permit additional growth. Optical density was measured using a spectrophotometer and the plates were read at 620 nm. Results: All strains had results indicating polyol inhibition of growth. Clostridium histolyticum (Chis), Bifidobacterium longham (Blof), and both Clostridium bolteae (Cbol) strains showed reduced growth with increasing polyol concentration with an inflection point of about 4% for both xylitol and erythritol (complete or near complete inhibition relative to control wells). Bacteroides vulgatus (Bvul) grew very lightly in the BHI/sucrose. This strain has visible growth but very low OD values. Inhibition of growth with increasing polyol concentrations was observed but assessing the polyol inhibition break point was difficult with this strain. Conclusions: Xylitol and erythritol at sufficient concentrations were able to inhibit the growth of bacterial strains that have been associated with the development of Autism Spectrum Disorder in recently published studies.

Clostridium bolteae sp. nov., Isolated from Human Sources

2003 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuli Song ◽  
Chengxu Liu ◽  
Denise R. Molitoris ◽  
Thomas J. Tomzynski ◽  
Paul A. Lawson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Bolteae

A vaccine and diagnostic target for Clostridium bolteae, an autism-associated bacterium

Vaccine ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (26) ◽  
pp. 2787-2790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brittany Pequegnat ◽  
Martin Sagermann ◽  
Moez Valliani ◽  
Michael Toh ◽  
Herbert Chow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clostridium Bolteae
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