A Phonetic Investigation of Single Word versus Connected Speech Production in Children with Persisting Speech Difficulties Relating to Cleft Palate

2013 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Howard
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Word Versus

Speech Production Time and Judgments of Disordered Nasalization in Speakers with Cleft Palate

1990 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 458-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
David L. Jones ◽  
John W. Folkins ◽  
Hughlett L. Morris
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Magnitude Estimation ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Production Time ◽  
Acoustic Activity

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of production time on the perception of disordered nasalization in children with cleft palate. The subjects with cleft palate included 5 who produced acceptable speech consistently, 5 who produced disordered nasalization consistently, and 10 who were inconsistent in the production of disordered nasalization. We examined a range of production times similar to those for the production of single-word and connected speech tasks. Ten judges used direct magnitude estimation to rate severity of disordered nasalization. An accelerometric ratio technique was used to estimate the extent and timing of nasal acoustic activity. The results showed that reducing the production time did not change perceptible nasalization.

Single Word versus Connected Speech Articulation Testing

1980 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Johnson ◽  
Betty L. Winney ◽  
Olen T. Pederson
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Methods ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Testing Conditions ◽  
Error Patterns ◽  
Speech Articulation ◽  
Data Analyses ◽  
Word Versus ◽  
Impaired Children

This study compared the productions of 35 articulation impaired children obtained by picture elicited single word and connected speech sampling methods. Productions were compared on the basis of both the number and type of errors made under the two testing conditions. Data analyses revealed significant differences in the number and type of errors and the prevalent error patterns revealed by the two sampling methods. The implications are discussed.

Effects of Concurrent Manual Task Performance on Connected Speech Acoustics in Individuals With Parkinson Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 2099-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Whitfield ◽  
Zoe Kriegel ◽  
Adam M. Fullenkamp ◽  
Daryush D. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Task Condition ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Speech Acoustics ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Manual Task ◽  
Task Conditions

Purpose Prior investigations suggest that simultaneous performance of more than 1 motor-oriented task may exacerbate speech motor deficits in individuals with Parkinson disease (PD). The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the extent to which performing a low-demand manual task affected the connected speech in individuals with and without PD. Method Individuals with PD and neurologically healthy controls performed speech tasks (reading and extemporaneous speech tasks) and an oscillatory manual task (a counterclockwise circle-drawing task) in isolation (single-task condition) and concurrently (dual-task condition). Results Relative to speech task performance, no changes in speech acoustics were observed for either group when the low-demand motor task was performed with the concurrent reading tasks. Speakers with PD exhibited a significant decrease in pause duration between the single-task (speech only) and dual-task conditions for the extemporaneous speech task, whereas control participants did not exhibit changes in any speech production variable between the single- and dual-task conditions. Conclusions Overall, there were little to no changes in speech production when a low-demand oscillatory motor task was performed with concurrent reading. For the extemporaneous task, however, individuals with PD exhibited significant changes when the speech and manual tasks were performed concurrently, a pattern that was not observed for control speakers. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8637008

Factors Affecting the Speech Nasality in Children with Cleft Palate

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
OJS Admin
Keyword(s):  
Family History ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Congenital Deformity ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The World

Cleft palate is a congenital deformity affecting the speech production skills of children born th with it. Pakistan has the 4 largest number of cleft births in the world. The gender values, family history and age greatly affect the speech nasality in children with cleft palate.

Single Word versus Phrase

1922 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Edward W. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Single Word ◽  
Word Versus

scholarly journals A unified model of post-stroke language deficits including discourse production and their neural correlates

Brain ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 143 (5) ◽  
pp. 1541-1554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reem S W Alyahya ◽  
Ajay D Halai ◽  
Paul Conroy ◽  
Matthew A Lambon Ralph
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Neural Correlates ◽  
Unified Model ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Lexical Diversity ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Procedural Discourse

Abstract The clinical profiles of individuals with post-stroke aphasia demonstrate considerable variation in the presentation of symptoms. Recent aphasiological studies have attempted to account for this individual variability using a multivariate data-driven approach (principal component analysis) on an extensive neuropsychological and aphasiological battery, to identify fundamental domains of post-stroke aphasia. These domains mainly reflect phonology, semantics and fluency; however, these studies did not account for variability in response to different forms of connected speech, i.e. discourse genres. In the current study, we initially examined differences in the quantity, diversity and informativeness between three different discourse genres, including a simple descriptive genre and two naturalistic forms of connected speech (storytelling narrative, and procedural discourse). Subsequently, we provided the first quantitative investigation on the multidimensionality of connected speech production at both behavioural and neural levels. Connected speech samples across descriptive, narrative, and procedural discourse genres were collected from 46 patients with chronic post-stroke aphasia and 20 neurotypical adults. Content analyses conducted on all connected speech samples indicated that performance differed across discourse genres and between groups. Specifically, storytelling narratives provided higher quantities of content words and lexical diversity compared to composite picture description and procedural discourse. The analyses further revealed that, relative to neurotypical adults, patients with aphasia, both fluent and non-fluent, showed reduction in the quantity of verbal production, lexical diversity, and informativeness across all discourses. Given the differences across the discourses, we submitted the connected speech metrics to principal component analysis alongside an extensive neuropsychological/aphasiological battery that assesses a wide range of language and cognitive skills. In contrast to previous research, three unique orthogonal connected speech components were extracted in a unified model, reflecting verbal quantity, verbal quality, and motor speech, alongside four core language and cognitive components: phonological production, semantic processing, phonological recognition, and executive functions. Voxel-wise lesion-symptom mapping using these components provided evidence on the involvement of widespread cortical regions and their white matter connections. Specifically, left frontal regions and their underlying white matter tracts corresponding to the frontal aslant tract and the anterior segment of the arcuate fasciculus were particularly engaged with the quantity and quality of fluent connected speech production while controlling for other co-factors. The neural correlates associated with the other language domains align with existing models on the ventral and dorsal pathways for language processing.

Relationships between Measures of Phonological Performance in Preterm Children

1995 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-42
Author(s):  
Gary Holdgrafer
Keyword(s):  
Motor Control ◽  
Speech Motor Control ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Preterm Children ◽  
Speech Motor

Percent Consonants Correct (PCC) was computed for spontaneous connected speech samples and responses on a single-word articulation test from 29 preterm children in preschool. Maturity of speech motor control was also assessed. Moderate intercorrelations of all measures are mentioned with regard to clinical implications.

Syllabic Stress and the Occurrence of Stuttering

1991 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 1011-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Prins ◽  
Carol P. Hubbard ◽  
Michelle Krause
Keyword(s):  
Young Adult ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Production Processes ◽  
Stress Peak ◽  
Normal Speech

The occurrence of stuttering on stress-peak and unstressed syllables in connected speech was studied in 10 young adult stutterers. Results showed a significant coincidence of stutter events and syllabic stress peaks, particularly in polysyllabic words. Stuttering on the first three words of principal clauses, however, appeared independent of syllabic stress. Similarities between the loci of stutter events and segmental errors of speech are considered in relation to explanations that regard stuttering as evidence of failure in normal speech production processes.

Comparing the Informativeness of Single-Word Samples and Connected Speech Samples in Assessing Speech Sound Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Li-Li Yeh ◽  
Chia-Chi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Performance Measures ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Naming Task ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Speech Sample ◽  
Single Word ◽  
Speech Sound Disorders ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Speech Accuracy

Purpose Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) are faced with the challenge of quickly and accurately identifying children who present with speech sound disorders (SSD) compared to typically developing (TD) children. The goal of this study was to compare the clinical relevance of two speech sampling methods (single-word vs. connected speech samples) in how sensitive they are in detecting atypical speech sound development in children, and to know whether the information obtained from single-word samples is representative enough of children's overall speech sound performance. Method We compared the speech sound performance of 37 preschool children with SSD ( M age = 4;11 years) and 37 age-sex-matched typically developing children ( M age = 5;0 years) by eliciting their speech in two ways: (a) a picture-naming task to elicit single words, and (b) a story-retelling task to elicit connected speech. Four speech measures were compared across sample type (single words vs. connected speech) and across groups (SSD vs. TD): intelligibility, speech accuracy, phonemic inventory, and phonological patterns. Results Interaction effects were found between sample type and group on several speech sound performance measures. Single-word speech samples were found to differentiate the SSD group from the TD group, and were more sensitive than connected speech samples across various measures. The effect size of single-word samples was consistently higher than connected speech samples for three measures: intelligibility, speech accuracy, and phonemic inventory. The gap in sample type informativeness may be attributed to salience and avoidance effects, given that children tend to avoid producing unfamiliar phonemes in connected speech. The number of phonological patterns produced was the only measure that revealed no gap between two sampling types for both groups. Conclusions On measures of intelligibility, speech accuracy, and phonemic inventory, obtaining a single-word sample proved to be a more informative method of differentiating children with SSD from TD children than connected speech samples. This finding may guide SLPs in their choice of sampling type when they are under time pressure. We discuss how children's performance on the connected speech sample may be biased by salience and avoidance effects and/or task design, and may, therefore, not necessarily reveal a poorer performance than single-word samples, particularly in intelligibility, speech accuracy, and the number of phonological patterns, if these task limitations are circumvented. Our findings show that the performance gap, typically observed between the two sampling types, largely depends on which performance measures are evaluated with the speech sample. Our study is the first to address sampling type differences in SSD versus TD children and has significant clinical implications for SLPs looking for sampling types and measures that reliably identify SSD in preschool-aged children.

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