Coping with a Cleft: Psychosocial Adjustment of Adolescents with a Cleft Lip and Palate and Their Parents

2009 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zoe E. Berger ◽  
Louise J. Dalton
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Psychosocial Adjustment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Adjustment Difficulties

Objective: To explore the nature of psychosocial adjustment in young people with a cleft as well as in their parents, within the framework of Lazarus and Folkman's (1984) transactional model of stress and coping. Design, Participants, Setting: A cross-sectional postal questionnaire design study was used, involving young people aged between 11 and 16 years and their parents. There were 145 families from two cleft services participating in the study. Outcome Measures: Participants completed measures of psychological adjustment, coping, social experiences, satisfaction with appearance, cleft-related factors, and demographic information. Results: Young people with a cleft and their mothers did not report psychosocial adjustment difficulties above that of the normal population. An insufficient number of fathers were recruited for substantive analysis to be conducted using their data. Conclusions: The findings show little evidence of significant psychosocial adjustment difficulties for adolescents with a cleft or for their mothers. The concepts of adjustment, coping, satisfaction with appearance, and maternal mental health in this population are discussed. The results highlight the importance of timely interventions and seeking multiple perspectives in clinical management of a cleft. Questions are raised about the completion of self-report measures for future research in this population.

Dental Findings in Parents of Children with Cleft Lip and Palate

1996 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 436-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Anderson ◽  
Anthony L.H., Moss
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Facial Skeleton ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Congenitally Missing Teeth ◽  
Congenitally Missing

The incidence of dental abnormalities in the cleft lip and palate population has been reported to be much higher than in the normal population. The role of genes in the production of a cleft lip and palate, and dental anomalies is thought to be complex, with autosomal dominant, recessive, and x-linked genes all playing a role. Noncleft parents can carry some of the cleft lip and palate genes, which produce clinically subtle manifestations in their facial skeleton. The purpose of this study was to look for evidence of increased dental anomalies in the non-cleft parents of cleft lip and palate children. The dentitions of the parents of 60 children with different types of cleft lip and palate were examined prospectively to see whether or not they exhibited features found more readily in the cleft lip and palate rather than did the normal population. Their dentitions were studied to record the following dental features: congenitally missing teeth, supernumerary teeth, or morphologic changes of the crowns of the permanent teeth. The number and position of any frenal attachments were also recorded. The results of this study did not show any differences in incidence of dental anomalies from the noncleft population. There was no evidence to support the hypothesis that congenital absence of lateral incisors is a microform of cleft lip and palate. Further, these results also failed to reveal any consistent pattern in the number and position of frenal attachments.

Validity of Subjective Evaluations for the Assessment of Lip Scarring and Impairment

2002 ◽  
Vol 39 (6) ◽  
pp. 587-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly Ritter ◽  
Carroll-Ann Trotman ◽  
Ceib Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Subjective Assessment ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Subjective Evaluations ◽  
Subjective Assessments ◽  
Interexaminer Reliability ◽  
School Of Dentistry ◽  
The University ◽  
The Impact

Objective In patients with cleft lip and palate, the aim of the study was (1) to determine and compare the level of agreement among examiners’ subjective evaluations of static and dynamic lip form; (2) assess possible bias of examiners’ subjective evaluations; and (3) determine the impact of lip scarring on an examiner's subjective assessment of dynamic lip form. Setting Patients and subjects were recruited from the University of North Carolina Cleft Lip and Palate Center and School of Dentistry. Patients, Participants Thirteen patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate and varying degrees of cleft scar severity were selected and one subject without cleft who wore artificial scars of varying severity. Interventions For the patients with cleft, a previously repaired complete cleft lip and palate. Photographs and videotape recordings were made of the patients with cleft and the subject without cleft, with and without the artifical scars, at rest and smiling. Main Outcome Measure(s) Rankings of cleft scar severity and impairment on a 6-point Likert scale by a lay and professional panel. Results Intra- and interexaminer reliability was good for the lower facial regions at rest but not during movement. Professionals gave ratings of greater severity and impairment than laypersons, and professionals agreed when rating the lower faces at rest more so than during movement. Lip scarring affected perceptions of impairment during movement by viewers in both panels. Conclusions Subjective assessments can be affected by methodological approaches, professional experience, and stimulus type. Future research should focus on establishing objective methods to evaluate patients with cleft lip and palate at rest and during function.

Psychological Functioning of Children with Craniofacial Anomalies and Their Mothers: Follow-Up from Late Infancy to School Entry

1993 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 482-489 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Speltz ◽  
Kathi Morton ◽  
Elizabeth W. Goodell ◽  
Sterling K. Clarren
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Behavior Problem ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Craniofacial Anomalies ◽  
Sagittal Synostosis ◽  
Observational Measures

Twenty-three mothers and their 5- to 7-year-old children with craniofacial anomalies (CFA) who were assessed during the child's infancy were followed. Three types of CFA were Included: cleft lip and palate (CLP), isolated cleft palate (CP), and sagittal synostosis. Measures of child status focused on behavior-problem frequency and self-concept. Mothers completed self-report measures of emotional well-being, marital satisfaction, and social support. Results Indicated that (1) a sizable minority (18%) of the children with CFA had clinically significant behavior-problem scores shown in concordant reports by parent and teacher of behavior problems; (2) Individual differences In child functioning within the CFA group were predicted by observational measures of earlier mother-Infant interaction during play and teaching situations; (3) mothers of children with CLP reported less favorable social support than mothers of children with CP or sagittal synostosis.

scholarly journals Appearance and Speech Satisfaction and Their Associations With Psychosocial Difficulties Among Young People With Cleft Lip and/or Palate

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1008-1017
Author(s):  
Sarah N. Kelly ◽  
Joanna Shearer
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Emotional Difficulties ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Appearance Satisfaction ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Social Difficulties ◽  
Psychosocial Difficulties

Objective: Previous research has found lower appearance and speech satisfaction among those with cleft lip and/or palate (CL/P) compared to noncleft control groups. Less research has been conducted into which groups report the lowest satisfaction and how these two factors relate to psychosocial difficulties. This study aimed to investigate (1) differences in appearance and speech satisfaction by diagnosis and age among young people with CL/P and (2) associations between appearance and speech satisfaction and emotional and social difficulties. Design: Self-report questionnaires that had been collected between June 2016 and August 2018 within routine clinical practice were analyzed. Setting: A tertiary pediatric hospital in London. Patients: A total 130 nonsyndromic 10- and 15-year-old patients with CL/P. Main Outcome Measures: Cleft Hearing, Appearance and Speech Questionnaire; Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Results: The CLP group reported significantly lower appearance satisfaction compared to the CP group ( P = .005). The 15-year-olds reported significantly lower appearance satisfaction compared to the 10-year-olds ( P = .008). No significant differences were found in speech satisfaction by diagnosis ( P = .06) or age ( P = .064). Significant negative associations were found at 15 years old between appearance satisfaction and emotional difficulties, speech satisfaction and emotional difficulties, appearance satisfaction and social difficulties, and speech satisfaction and social difficulties ( P < .05 all correlations). Only the latter two associations were significant at 10 years old ( P < .05). Conclusions: The findings have important implications as appearance and speech dissatisfaction may be ways in which to identify those at risk of psychosocial difficulties within clinical settings.

scholarly journals Cleft lip and palate and related factors: A 10 years study in university hospitalised patients at Mashhad - Iran

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 286 ◽  
Author(s):  
GholamReza Khademi ◽  
Morteza Noorollahian ◽  
Mohsen Nematy ◽  
Atiyeh Dolatian ◽  
Hengameh Ghesmati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Hospitalised Patients

Comparative Assessment of Anxiety, Pain, and Discomfort During Rapid Maxillary Expansion Using Two Different Activation Protocols in Patients With Cleft Lip and Palate

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110331
Author(s):  
Dipjyoti Baruah ◽  
Shweta Nagesh ◽  
Hiteswar Sarma ◽  
Navraj Mattu
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Pain Scale ◽  
Rapid Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Maxillary Expansion ◽  
Group A ◽  
Hamilton Anxiety Scale ◽  
Group B

Objective The aim of this study was to compare and assess the pain perception, anxiety, and discomfort between two different rapid maxillary expansion (RME) protocols in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP). Design This is a prospective study. Setting The study was done in a comprehensive cleft care center. Patien and Participants The sample included 26 patients between ages 6 and 9 years with a history of repaired UCLP. Interventions The patients were randomly allotted into 2 groups—Group A and Group B. Group A received 1 RME activation per day and Group B received 2 activations per day. The participants after RME activation completed a self-report questionnaire and ranked the pain and anxiety levels using Faces pain scale and Hamilton anxiety scale, respectively. The evaluation was done every day for 1 week. Main Outcome Measure The Faces Pain Scale, Hamilton Anxiety Scale, and self-report questionnaires assessed the pain, anxiety, and discomfort experienced by the patients after 2 different types of RME activation protocols. Results Group B experienced significantly higher pain in the molars than Group A ( P < .001). There was no significant difference between the 2 RME activation protocols regarding anxiety and jaw discomfort. Conclusion Patients who received 2 activations per day experienced significantly higher levels of pain in the molars compared to the patients who received a single activation per day. There were no significant differences between the 2 activation protocols in terms of pain in the palate, tongue, anxiety, and jaw discomfort.

Effect of the Visual Presentation of a Craniofacial Syndrome on Speech Intelligibility in Noise

2019 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 1038-1043
Author(s):  
Tim Bressmann ◽  
Tamara Eick ◽  
Jennifer Pardo
Keyword(s):  
Speech Intelligibility ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Visual Presentation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Previous Knowledge ◽  
Facial Motion ◽  
Speech Stimuli ◽  
Craniofacial Syndrome ◽  
Intelligibility Ratings

Objective: Research has argued that a speaker’s facial appearance can result in an “intelligibility cost” for the listener. The study investigated whether such an intelligibility cost exists for a visible repaired cleft lip and nasal asymmetry. Setting: University department. Participants: Eight typical speakers provided speech samples. Twenty-eight naive listeners participated in a speech in noise experiment. Interventions: Listeners transcribed sentences in noise that were paired with faces of individuals with repaired cleft lip and nasal asymmetry or typical faces. They also rated speaker intelligibility and answered a questionnaire about their previous knowledge about cleft lip and palate. Main Outcome Measures: Percentage of words transcribed correctly and intelligibility ratings, compared by experimental condition (photo of typical face or face with repaired cleft lip and nasal asymmetry) and speaker gender. Results: There were no statistically significant differences between speech stimuli that were presented with faces with repaired cleft lip and nasal asymmetry or typical faces. The percentage of words transcribed correctly by the listeners was lower for female speakers ( F = 12.7, df = 1; P < .01). Speech intelligibility of female speakers was rated more poorly ( F = 10.5, df = 1; P < .01). Conclusions: Presence of a repaired cleft lip and nasal asymmetry did not result in an intelligibility cost for naive listeners. Future research should investigate possible effects of facial motion or previous knowledge.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document