scholarly journals Family Environment of Individuals with Oral Clefts in Argentina

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego F. Wyszynski ◽  
Claudia Perandones ◽  
Patricia Yannibelli ◽  
Ricardo D. Bennun
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Family Relationship ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Clefts ◽  
Recreational Activities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Different Types

Objective The purpose of this investigation was to study the social environment of families of children with different types of nonsyndromic oral clefts (OC) and to compare these groups with a control population of families of children without clefts. Design The study compared three nonsyndromic oral cleft groups and the control group using the Moos Family Environment Scale, which examines cohesion, expressiveness, conflict, independence, achievement-orientation, intellectual-cultural orientation, active-recreational orientation, moral-religious emphasis, organization, and control. Setting All parents of children with nonsyndromic oral clefts from a large craniofacial clinic in Buenos Aires, Argentina, were identified and were enrolled in this study between June 2000 and August 2001. Control families were ascertained from the pediatrics service of a hospital located in the vicinity of the craniofacial clinic. Participants One hundred and sixty-five parents were selected, based on having a child with nonsyndromic unilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (UCL/P), bilateral cleft lip with or without cleft palate (BCL/P), or isolated cleft palate (ICP). One hundred and eighty control parents with no family history of congenital anomalies were selected, as well. Results There was no major difference in the social environment of families of children with different types of nonsyndromic oral clefts. When compared with families in the control group, families of children with nonsyndromic oral clefts scored better in all three subdimensions of family relationship, revealed a high level of independence, and showed better structure and organization than control families did; however, families of children with nonsyndromic oral clefts reported participating in fewer recreational activities. Conclusions Overall, families of children with nonsyndromic oral clefts displayed a good social environment. Efforts should be focused to involve them in recreational activities.

scholarly journals Dental anomalies in the deciduous dentition of non-syndromic oral clefts patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 257-263
Author(s):  
Adriana Boeri Freire Tamburini ◽  
Ygor Henrique Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
Daniella Reis Barbosa Martelli ◽  
Letízia Monteiro de Barros ◽  
Rodrigo Soares de Andrade ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Dental Anomalies ◽  
Deciduous Dentition ◽  
Oral Clefts ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Objectives: to investigate the prevalence of dental anomalies in complete deciduous dentition of children with NSCL/P. Methods: this study included 75 children with NSCL/P and 286 healthy control. In both groups the children had deciduous dentition with ages varying from 4 to 6 years. Clinical examination, panoramic and periapical radiographies were performed and dental anomalies of number and shape were considered. Results: there was a higher prevalence of dental anomalies in the case group, compared to the control group. In all, 42 dental anomalies were identified, 25.33% in the case group and 8.04% in control group (p<0.001). Therewas a higher frequency of dental anomalies in NSCL/P (47.36%), followed by non-syndromic cleft lip (31.57%) and non-syndromic cleft palate (21.05%). The occurrence of agenesis (p= 0.005) and twinning (p = 0.029) were higher in the case group. Conclusions: the occurrence of agenesis and dental twinning was more frequent in the case group and may contribute to the definition of oral cleft subphenotype.

scholarly journals Oral Clefts and Academic Performance in Adolescence: The Impact of Anesthesia-Related Neurotoxicity, Timing of Surgery, and Type of Oral Clefts

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicola G. Clausen ◽  
Dorthe A. Pedersen ◽  
Jacob K. Pedersen ◽  
Susanne E. Møller ◽  
Dorthe Grosen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Ninth Grade ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Oral Clefts ◽  
Oral Cleft ◽  
The Impact

Objective Early life exposure to anesthesia and surgery is suspected to associate with cognitive impairment later in life. We compared academic achievement among adolescents with cleft lip only (CL), cleft palate only (CP), and cleft lip and cleft palate (CLP) with a noncleft control group to investigate whether outcome depends on timing and number of operations during childhood and/or type of oral cleft. Design Nationwide register-based follow-up study. Setting Danish birth cohort 1986 to 1990. Participants Five hundred fifty-eight children with isolated CL (n = 171), CLP (n =222), or CP (n = 195), of which 509 children had been exposed to anesthesia and one or more cleft operation(s), and a 5% sample of the birth cohort (n = 14,677). Main Outcome Measure(s) Test score in the Danish standardized ninth-grade exam and proportion of nonattainment, defined as “results for ninth-grade exam unavailable.” Data adjusted for sex, birth weight, parental age, and parental level of education. Results Compared to controls, children with CL achieved higher scores (mean difference 0.12, 95% CI –0.05; 0.29) and children with CLP presented with lower scores (mean difference –0.06, 95% CI –0.21; 0.09), albeit both statistically insignificant. Children with CP achieved significantly lower scores, mean difference –0.20 (95% CI –0.38; –0.03). Odds ratios for nonattainment at final exam were: CL 0.79 (95% CI 0.46; 1.35), CLP 1.07 (95% CI 0.71; 1.61), CP 2.59 (95% CI 1.78; 3.76). Conclusions Oral cleft type rather than number and timing of anesthesia and operations associate to poorer academic performance. Although a potential neurotoxic effect due to anesthetic agents is not reflected in the data, it cannot be completely excluded.

An Epidemiologic Study of Oral Clefts in Iran: Analysis of 1669 Cases

2000 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hossain Rajabian ◽  
Mehdi Sherkat
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Epidemiologic Study ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Clefts ◽  
Genetic Features ◽  
Associated Malformations

Objective The objective of this study was to assess the epidemiology and some genetic aspects of oral clefting in Iran. Design The study was a 15-year cross-sectional (prevalence) study from August 1976 to September 1991. Setting The setting for the study was two plastic surgery departments, both mostly referral centers, and a maternity hospital in Iran. Participants The participants were 1669 consecutive surgical cases with oral clefts (79% between 1 day and 18 months of age), registered in two centers. In a parallel study, 19,369 livebirths born in a maternity hospital within the same period were surveyed to ascertain prevalence of clefting at birth. Normal children of this population were used as the control group. Samples were analyzed by prevalence of clefting at birth, type of oral cleft, side of clefting, sex ratio, associated malformations, clefts in relatives, and parental consanguinity. Results The prevalence of clefts was 1.03 per 1000 births. Cleft lip (without cleft palate) had a higher (34.9%) and cleft palate alone had a significantly lower prevalence (17.4%) than expected. Cleft lip (without cleft palate) was more common in females (53.6%) than in males (46.4%). The rate of associated malformations in cleft patients (7.73%) was higher than in controls (0.093%). Association between clefting and consanguinity was significant (45.8% in cases versus 43.1% in controls). Occurrence of noncleft congenital malformations among first-degree relatives of our cases (2.77%) was nearly two times that of controls (1.55%). Conclusion Our study reveals that the population incidence of oral clefts in Iran is much closer to Europian than Arab-African or South East Asian countries. However, significant variations in other epidemiologic and some genetic features were observed.

Social Environment and Creativity

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-58
Author(s):  
Jiří Semrád ◽  
Milan Škrabal
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Family Environment ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Creative Activity ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cultural Legacy ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family

The paper deals with issues connected with the motivation of high school students to participate in activities aimed at professional creative activity and, in this context, issues of environmental influences, especially from school and the family. It is responding to some of the growing efforts of neoliberalism to over individualize creative expression and activities and completely ignore social influences. It also takes into account the cultural legacy of past generations and the sources of creative power that have taken root in society and from which individuals draw and process their inspiration. Presented within are the results of an empirical probe focused on the influence of the social environment on the creative activity of teenagers. The paper follows the relations to the existing body of knowledge on the relationship between social environment and creativity, with an effort to capture the social conditionality of creative performances—to capture their roots. The results of the probe have confirmed the initial hypothesis that the creative efforts of secondary school students taking part in vocational training is based on the social background of the family and school. However, the family influence on the students’ creativity is not as significant as one would expect. It is the indirect effect of the family environment that has a larger influence.

Perceptual Speech Outcomes After Early Primary Palatal Repair in Ugandan Patients With Cleft Palate

2020 ◽  
pp. 105566562098024
Author(s):  
Kim Bettens ◽  
Laura Bruneel ◽  
Cassandra Alighieri ◽  
Daniel Sseremba ◽  
Duncan Musasizib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Speech Therapy ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Early Primary ◽  
Velopharyngeal Function ◽  
Normal Speech

Objective: To provide speech outcomes of English-speaking Ugandan patients with a cleft palate with or without cleft lip (CP±L). Design: Prospective case–control study. Setting: Referral hospital for patients with cleft lip and palate in Uganda. Participants: Twenty-four English-speaking Ugandan children with a CP±L (15 boys, 9 girls, mean 8.4 years) who received palatal closure prior to 6 months of age and an age- and gender-matched control group of Ugandan children without cleft palate. Interventions: Comparison of speech outcomes of the patient and control group. Main Outcome Measures: Perceptual speech outcomes including articulation, resonance, speech understandability and acceptability, and velopharyngeal composite score (VPC-sum). Information regarding speech therapy, fistula rate, and secondary surgery. Results: Normal speech understandability was observed in 42% of the patients, and 38% were judged with normal speech acceptability. Only 16% showed compensatory articulation. Acceptable resonance was found in 71%, and 75% of the patients were judged perceptually to present with competent velopharyngeal function based on the VPC-sum. Additional speech intervention was recommended in 25% of the patients. Statistically significant differences for all these variables were still observed with the control children ( P < .05). Conclusions: Overall, acceptable speech outcomes were found after early primary palatal closure. Comparable or even better results were found in comparison with international benchmarks, especially regarding the presence of compensatory articulation. Whether this approach is transferable to Western countries is the subject for further research.

Stress and Adaptation in Families of Children with Visual Disabilities

1996 ◽  
Vol 77 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yona Leyser ◽  
Antoinette Heinze ◽  
Gaylen Kapperman
Keyword(s):  
Family Environment ◽  
Social Acceptance ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Visual Disabilities ◽  
Parent Questionnaire ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sources Of Support ◽  
And Coping ◽  
Experimental Group

Little research is available on families of children with visual impairments. The authors examined stress and coping in a sample of 130 families (experimental group) of visually impaired children who responded to a parent questionnaire and the Family Environment Scale (FES). A control group of 78 parents responded to FES only. Findings revealed that the experimental group experienced various stressors such as future concerns, financial concerns, concerns about services, and concerns about the social acceptance of the child. These families were less involved in intellectual and cultural activities and used less structure and organization than did the controls. In coping, many families used various formal and informal sources of support as well as personal coping strategies. Implications for practitioners and social service providers are discussed.

Phonological Profile of Patients With Velopharyngeal Dysfunction and Palatal Anomalies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Ariela Nachmani ◽  
Muhamed Masalha ◽  
Firas Kassem
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Phonological Process ◽  
Phonological Processes ◽  
Process Error ◽  
Submucous Cleft Palate ◽  
Different Types

Purpose This purpose of this study was to assess the frequency and types of phonological process errors in patients with velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) and the different types of palatal anomalies. Method A total of 808 nonsyndromic patients with VPD, who underwent follow-up at the Center for Cleft Palate and Craniofacial Anomalies, from 2000 to 2016 were included. Patients were stratified into four age groups and five subphenotypes of palatal anomalies: cleft lip and palate (CLP), cleft palate (CP), submucous cleft palate (SMCP), occult submucous cleft palate (OSMCP), and non-CP. Phonological processes were compared among groups. Results The 808 patients ranged in age from 3 to 29 years, and 439 (54.3%) were male. Overall, 262/808 patients (32.4%) had phonological process errors; 80 (59.7%) ages 3–4 years, 98 (40, 0%) ages 4.1–6 years, 48 (24.7%) 6.1–9 years, and 36 (15.3%) 9.1–29 years. Devoicing was the most prevalent phonological process error, found in 97 patients (12%), followed by cluster reduction in 82 (10.1%), fronting in 66 (8.2%), stopping in 45 (5.6%), final consonant deletion in 43 (5.3%), backing in 30 (3.7%), and syllable deletion and onset deletion in 13 (1.6%) patients. No differences were found in devoicing errors between palatal anomalies, even with increasing age. Phonological processes were found in 61/138 (44.20%) with CP, 46/118 (38.1%) with SMCP, 61/188 (32.4%) with non-CP, 70/268 (26.1%) with OSMCP, and 25/96 (26.2%) with CLP. Phonological process errors were most frequent with CP and least with OSMCP ( p = .001). Conclusions Phonological process errors in nonsyndromic VPD patients remained relatively high in all age groups up to adulthood, regardless of the type of palatal anomaly. Our findings regarding the phonological skills of patients with palatal anomalies can help clarify the etiology of speech and sound disorders in VPD patients, and contribute to general phonetic and phonological studies.

The SNP rs560426 Within ABCA4-ARHGAP29 Locus and the Risk of Nonsyndromic Oral Clefts

2020 ◽  
Vol 57 (6) ◽  
pp. 671-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yah-Huei Wu-Chou ◽  
Kuo-Ting Philip Chen ◽  
Yi-Chieh Lu ◽  
Yin-Ting Lin ◽  
Hsien-Fang Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Test Analysis ◽  
Oral Clefts ◽  
The Family ◽  
Abca4 Gene ◽  
Family Based ◽  
New Evidence

Objective: Nonsyndromic oral clefts are common birth defect with complex etiology. In the present study, we attempt to further validate the possible role for ABCA4 and ARHGAP29 in the susceptibility to nonsyndromic oral clefts. Design: We performed allelic transmission disequilibrium test analysis, on 10 eligible single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and SNP haplotypes using the Family-Based Association Test. Participants: The study sample consisted of 334 case–parent trios of nonsyndromic oral clefts from Taiwanese population, separated into nonsyndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) and nonsyndromic cleft palate only (NSCPO) groups. Results: We found only the SNP rs560426 within the ABCA4 gene showed strong association with NSCPO ( P = .03498; Permuted P = .05382). No association between other 9 selected SNPs in ABCA4-ARHGAP29 region and the risk of nonsyndromic oral clefts was found. For the haplotype analyses, we found only haplotype T-C (rs570926 and rs3789431) in ABCA4 block 2 showed significant association with nonsyndromic NSCL/P in these Taiwanese trios. Conclusions: We used a family-based analysis in 334 Taiwanese case–parent trios to validate the possible role for ABCA4 and ARHGAP29 in the susceptibility to nonsyndromic oral clefts. This study provides a new evidence for an association between the intron variant rs560426 within ABCA4 and nonsyndromic cleft palate which may contribute their regulatory role in craniofacial development.

Impact of cleft lip closure on the perception of the child by the mother and the social environment – A retrospective, self-reported, standardized pretest

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (10) ◽  
pp. 969-976
Author(s):  
Konstanze Scheller ◽  
Jasmin Urich ◽  
Stephan Watzke ◽  
Christian Scheller ◽  
Roland Haase
Keyword(s):  
Social Environment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
The Social

Is it Possible to Prevent Cleft Palate by Prenatal Administration of Folic Acid? An Experimental Study

2001 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 393-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volker Bienengräber ◽  
Fathi A. Malek ◽  
Klaus-Uwe Möritz ◽  
Jochen Fanghänel ◽  
Karsten K. H. Gundlach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Folic Acid ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Caesarian Section ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Fetal Head ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Objective: In this study, folic acid was tested for its antiteratogenic effects on experimentally induced cleft palate in animals. Design: Eleven pregnant Lew 1 A dams (75 fetuses) received 200 mg/kg procarbazine via gastric tubing on postconception (p.c.) day 14 to induce a cleft palate (CP); seven of the pregnant dams (45 fetuses) were additionally given 4 mg/kg folic acid subcutaneously from the 14th to the 17th day p.c. As a control group, three more pregnant dams (24 fetuses) were not treated with the drugs mentioned above. All fetuses were delivered by Caesarian section on day 20 p.c. Outcomes measured: All fetuses were weighed and examined macroscopically with a stereomicroscope. Each fetal head was cut into 35 frontal sections and scrutinized histologically. Results: None of the control fetuses (n = 24) exhibited a cleft. Without folate administration, 90% of the fetuses (27 of 30) that received procarbazine exhibited a CP. After additional prenatal folate administration, this rate remained virtually unchanged (91%; 41 of 45). However, the proportion of complete (total) CP (4%) was significantly (p < .0001) lower than in the group without folate (53%). Cleft-associated microgenia and microglossia were also significantly less frequent when folate was administered prenatally: microgenia was reduced by 22% (p = .029) and microglossia by 24% (p = .032). Conclusions: On the basis of these results, folate has a partial ameliorating effect on the teratogenicity of procarbazine given to pregnant rats. Additional studies are necessary on the effect of folate in different species, also taking cleft lip and CP into consideration.

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