Transverse Craniofacial Features and Their Genetic Predisposition in Families with Nonsyndromic Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate

2004 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 256-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young-Jooh Yoon ◽  
Marja R. Perkiomaki ◽  
Ross H. Tallents ◽  
Ingrid Barillas ◽  
Roberto Herrera-Guido ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
General Population ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Biological Mothers ◽  
Facial Height ◽  
The Face ◽  
Craniofacial Features ◽  
Biological Fathers

Objective The purpose of this study was to evaluate the transverse craniofacial form in families with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate (NSCLP). It was hypothesized that affected as well as noncleft NSCLP family members are characterized by a common array of craniofacial features that differ from the general population. Design This was a prospective cross-sectional investigation that included affected children with NSCLP and their noncleft parents and siblings. Patients, Participants A total of 114 subjects (14 affected girls, 17 affected girls, 15 unaffected male siblings, 10 unaffected female siblings, 29 unaffected biological mothers, and 29 unaffected biological fathers) were included. Subject records comprised of posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs obtained from all 114 subjects. Main Outcome Measures The width of midfacial structures, including the orbit and nose, was increased in NSCLP families, compared with published norms. Interestingly, the face was disproportionally wider in relation to total facial height. The transverse craniofacial form of children with or without clefts significantly correlated with that of their parents. Mothers displayed strong correlation with their affected and unaffected sons, whereas fathers correlated to their daughters, suggesting a possible sex-linked developmental influence. Conclusion Better understanding of the genetic inheritance of craniofacial features associated with cleft lip and palate may ultimately contribute to the development of cleft risk assessment methods.

Cleft lip and palate in thalidomide-induced embryopathies

1967 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fritz Immeyer
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
The Face

SUMMARYIn 3 out of 161 cases of thalidomide embryopathy seen in Hamburg, typical malformations of thalidomide causation were associated with cleft lip and/or palate. The same association was present in 6 out of 918 cases of thalidomide embryopathy reported by correspondence. Clefts of the face are more common in thalidomide children than in other children. Usually, they are associated with ear deformities. In cases of aplasia of the radius observed before the introduction of thalidomide but not in those connected with thalidomide intake, clefts are more common than in the general population. The association of clefts and ear deformities has been known before the introduction of thalidomide. Thalidomide is probably the cause of only some cases of association.

Aspects of orthodontic protocol in cleft lip and palate patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
O. V. Dudnik ◽  
Ad. A. Mamedov ◽  
O. I. Admakin ◽  
A. A. Skakodub ◽  
Y. O. Volkov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Orthodontic Treatment ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Maxillofacial Region ◽  
Indirect Methods ◽  
Indirect Bonding ◽  
The Face ◽  
Direct And Indirect Methods

Relevance. Cleft lip and palate is one of the severe malformations of the face and jaw, requiring a comprehensive approach to the rehabilitation of the patients, including doctors of various specialties, one of which is orthodontists. A feature of orthodontic treatment is difficulty of fixing bracket systems, as well as lowering the level of oral hygiene, caused by deformation and displacement of fragments of the maxillofacial region.Purpose. Improving the effectiveness of orthodontic treatment and hygiene of the oral caviti in patients with cleft lip and palate in permanent bite period.Materials and methods. A comparison was made of the effetctiveness of fixing brackets systmes with direct and indirect bonding techniques and the effectiveness of oral hygiene during orthodontic treatment using irrigators.Results. The results of the study showed a difference in the effectiveness of using direct and indirect methods of fixing bracket systems in patients with cleft and palate. The use of irrigators as additional means of oral hygiene has demonstrated a positive dynamic of hygiene indices.Conclusions. Results of the study demonstrate the advantages of fixation the brackets by indirect bonding and use additional hygiene products irrigator for improving of oral hygiene.

Prevalence of Reading Difficulties in 9- to 10-Year Old Children in Sweden Born With Cleft Palate

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562110132
Author(s):  
Justin Parry Weinfeld ◽  
Jakob Åsberg Johnels ◽  
Christina Persson
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Reading Difficulties ◽  
Learning Problems ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parental Questionnaire ◽  
Background Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of reading difficulties in children born with cleft palate at ages 9 and 10 in Sweden. Design: Using a cross-sectional design, a parental questionnaire assessing dyslexia-like reading difficulties (Short Dyslexia Scale, SDS) was administered together with separate questions regarding background data. Participants: Families with a child born with overt cleft palate with or without cleft lip in 4 regions of Sweden. A total of 245 families were approached of which 138 families responded. Data from 136 (56%) were complete with information on cleft type and could be analyzed. Results: Twenty-two percent (95% CI, 15-30) of the whole study group displayed risk for dyslexic reading difficulties on the SDS corresponding to the 7th to 10th percentiles in the population. Children with cleft palate only had a significantly higher prevalence of reading difficulties (37%) compared to children with unilateral cleft palate (19%) and bilateral cleft palate (10%). The frequency of reading difficulties in participants with comorbidity was 32%. Among a subgroup with reported comorbidity in areas of attention, language, and learning problems, there was a 2.5 times higher risk of reading disability compared to participants without this reported comorbidity. Conclusion: The prevalence of reading difficulties in the cleft palate population was higher than in the general population. Results showed that co-occurring difficulties were common in the cleft group and that reading difficulties often appear together with other, co-occurring neurodevelopmental difficulties.

scholarly journals Alveolar bone heights of maxillary central incisors in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients using cone-beam computed tomography evaluation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Stasiak ◽  
Anna Wojtaszek-Słomińska ◽  
Bogna Racka-Pilszak
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Cone Beam Computed Tomography ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Alveolar Bone ◽  
Contralateral Side ◽  
Cone Beam ◽  
Rank Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Alveolar Bone Grafting

Abstract Purpose The aims of this retrospective cross-sectional study were to measure and compare labial and palatal alveolar bone heights of maxillary central incisors in unilateral cleft lip and palate patients, following STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) guidelines. Patients and methods The study group consisted of 21 patients with a mean age of 16 years. High-resolution cone-beam computed tomography was performed at least one year after secondary alveolar bone grafting. The experimental side was the cleft side and the contralateral side without congenital cleft was the control. Measurements were performed on incisors’ midsagittal cross-sections. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used for intergroup comparisons. Results The labial and palatal distances between alveolar bone crests and cementoenamel junctions were significantly greater on the cleft side than on the noncleft side. Mean differences were 0.75 and 1.41 mm, respectively. The prevalence of dehiscences at the cleft side maxillary central incisors was 52% on the labial surface and 43% on the palatal surface. In the controls, it was 19% and 14%, respectively. Conclusion The cleft-adjacent maxillary central incisors had more apically displaced alveolar bone crests on the labial and palatal sides of the roots than the controls. Higher prevalence of dehiscences was found on the cleft side. Bone margin differences predispose to gingival height differences of the central incisors. These differences could increase the demands of patients to obtain more esthetic treatment results with orthodontic extrusion and periodontal intervention on the cleft side.

scholarly journals Corelation Of Parents’ Profiles Of Children With Late Cleft Repair In Surabaya Cleft Lip And Palate Centre (January 2015 – December 2017)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Laras Puspita Ningrum ◽  
Iswinarno Doso Saputro ◽  
Lobredia Zarasade
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Palate ◽  
Primary Care Physicians ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Speech Disorders ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cleft Palate Repair ◽  
Palate Repair

Background : Optimal time of  Cleft palate repair is during the 10 to 12  month of age. In this time produce far natural results in terms of speech because it enabled the maturation of scar tissue postoperatively. The soft palate must function properly before the patient starts learning to talk, otherwise speech disorders such as persistent rhinolalia aperta might arise. In pediatric patients, the role of parents is very important on adherence to therapy.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. The first study group was parents of patients who had surgical repair before two years old and the second group was the parents of patients who had repair after two years old. We compared age, monthly income, education level, number of children, and residential distance from Surabaya of the two groups.Results : The data of this study were obtained from the medical records of patients with cleft lip surgery at CLP Center Surabaya in 2015th – 2017th with total of 358 patients, 172 were female and 186 were male. 52 patients with delayed cleft palate surgery. Patients’ parents in both groups were mostly 31-40 years old, were high school graduated, has one child, earned less than 1.5 million rupiah a month, and lived less than 100 kms from Surabaya. From the statistical results, parent’s income has the strongest correlation with the patient’s age in cleft palate surgery (-2.7). A negative coefficient means that the less parent’s income, the more patient likely had delayed cleft palate surgery. While other factors found weak and very weak correlations.Conclusions: The results form patient's parents' interview, concluded that besides economic factors, the lack of information cleft palate treatment is the key factors that contributed to the delay of cleft palate repair. The education level does not affect the delay in cleft palate surgery, because even in high educated parents, sometimes they don’t understand the stages of cleft lip and palate treatment. This study emphasized the necessity to educate about the stages of surgery by primary care physicians, to minimize delays.

scholarly journals Antropometric Evaluation Of Gentur's Cheiloplasty Method In Unilateral Cleft Lip

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Rani Septrina ◽  
Gentur Sudjatmiko
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Anthropometric Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Cleft Lip Repair ◽  
Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair ◽  
Palate Patient ◽  
Vertical Height ◽  
Rotation Advancement

Background: Cheiloplasty, the earliest surgical procedure in cleft lip and palate patient, has impact on functional and aesthetical appearance1. The Gentur’s technique is a method of cleft lip surgery that has been developed by him and has been used in RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo/Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia2. It uses the rotation-advancement, small triangular, preventing notching concepts with some other details to overcome the wide cleft. This study was conducted to answer whether the Gentur’s technique gives symmetrical result in anthropometric measurements. Methods: Cross sectional analytic study will be taken from medical record in 14 unilateral cleft lip patients underwent cheiloplasty procedure. Direct anthropometric data before and after procedure were analyzed using SPSS17. Anthropometric data such as cupid’s bow, vertical height, horizontal height, vermillion and nostril were noted. Results: From 14 patients, we found 9 patients who underwent surgery in 3 months of age (64.3%) are mostly female (n=9, 64.3%), have complete defect (n=12, 85.8%) and left sided defect (n=8, 57.1%). Gentur’s technique is able to produce significant lip and nose symmetry (CI 95%, pvalue <0.005) in cupid’s bow, vertical height, horizontal height, thickness of vermillion and nose. By doing this technique, the author is able to create good lip and nose symmetry (78.57%) even in wide defect (64.3%) and palatal collapse (57.1%). Conclusion: Gentur’s technique is able to utilize tissue deficiency to create ideal lip and nose in unilateral cleft lip repair even in patients with wide gap.

scholarly journals A Cross-Sectional Study: Are Myths on Cleft Lip and Palate Still Prevalent?

Cureus ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sravya Turlapati ◽  
Sai Krishna ◽  
Korutla U Deepak ◽  
Baggialaxmi Kanagaraja ◽  
Kanaparthi A Gayathri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Association between speech and dental occlusion changes in children with cleft lip and palate and time of primary plastic surgeries

Revista CEFAC ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Ribeiro Schilling ◽  
Maria Cristina de Almeida Freitas Cardoso ◽  
Paulo Sérgio Gonçalves da Silva ◽  
Marcia Angélica Peter Maahs
Keyword(s):  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Dental Occlusion ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Incisive Foramen

ABSTRACT Purpose: to describe the changes in speech and dental occlusion in children with cleft lip and palate and verify their association with each other and with the time of primary plastic surgeries. Methods: a cross-sectional study with collected data on the subjects’ identification, age at the time of primary surgeries, and clinical assessment of speech and dental occlusion. The chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and t-test were used to verify the associations between the variables at the 5% significance level (p < 0.05). Results: the sample comprised 11 children aged 6 to 10 years, most of whom were males, self-reported white, with trans-incisive foramen cleft, predominantly on the left side. The mean age at lip repair surgery was 6 months, and 13 months at palatoplasty. Among the main dental occlusion changes, posterior and anterior crossbite stood out. All the subjects presented changed speech, with a prevalence of cases with dentoalveolar and palatine deformities, followed by passive and active changes. Subjects with anterior crossbite tended to have undergone primary lip repair surgery at a mean of four months earlier than the subjects without anterior crossbite. Conclusions: the associations between speech and dental occlusion changes, and between these and the time of primary plastic surgeries were not statistically significant. Even though it is known that early lip repair surgery is ideal to favor oral functions and aesthetics, the results revealed a tendency towards anterior crossbite, in these subjects.

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