How to Frequently and Accurately Measure Poverty and Forest Dependence?

10.1596/32802 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Perge ◽  
Raisa Behal
Keyword(s):  
Forest Dependence

Forest corridors facilitate movement of tropical forest birds after experimental translocations in a fragmented Neotropical landscape in Mexico

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 547-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Ibarra-Macias ◽  
W. Douglas Robinson ◽  
Michael S. Gaines
Keyword(s):  
Forest Birds ◽  
Fragmented Landscape ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
Forest Dependence ◽  
Capture Site ◽  
Forest Corridors ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Species Characteristics ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Positive Effect

Abstract:We evaluated effects of corridors between forest fragments surrounded by pastures in tropical Mexico. We used experimental translocations and capture–recapture data to measure the proportion of birds returning and time to return after translocation between connected and unconnected patches (five replicates for each treatment). Depending on each species’ degree of forest dependence (forest-restricted and forest-unrestricted species), we assigned birds to two groups to evaluate influence of species characteristics on effects of corridors on movement. Birds translocated between connected patches (n = 75) were seven times more likely to be recaptured in their original capture site when compared with birds translocated between unconnected patches (n = 109). Effects differed among the two species groups. In the presence of corridors, 46% of forest-unrestricted birds returned to the capture site while only 5% returned between unconnected patches. Forest-restricted birds showed similar results, but were only twice as likely to return to a connected capture site. Birds translocated between unconnected patches took longer to return than birds translocated between connected patches. The strong positive effect of corridors on movement, even for forest-unrestricted species, suggests that forested corridors facilitate bird movement and help maintain connectivity even in this highly fragmented landscape.

Bringing home the bacon: Industry, employment, and income in boreal Canada

2009 ◽  
Vol 85 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike N Patriquin ◽  
John R Parkins ◽  
Richard C Stedman
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Forest Policy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Forest Sector ◽  
Forest Dependence ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Boreal Region ◽  
Statistics Canada

Questions about the contribution of forestry to the socio-economic status of Canadian boreal communities have risen to the fore as debates have emerged about extending areas of protection in the region. Our previous research showed that boreal communities tend to be worse off socio-economically than other Canadian rural communities, and that labour income from the forest industry is relatively small. Because boreal development and protection initiatives are likely to be province-specific, this paper uses 2001 Statistics Canada data to examine the socio-economic status of boreal communities and the relationship between forest dependence and status—by province. We find a generally positive relationship between forest sector employment and employment income across the boreal region, but no such positive relationship between forest employment and unemployment rates, suggesting that the particular indicator chosen to represent wellbeing is a crucial consideration. Further, we see a great deal of inter-provincial variation in the relative importance of resource industries, suggesting the utility of province-specific and joint national initiatives. Finally, although the forest sector looms large in the collective psyche of the boreal region, we find diversified employment: other sectors (i.e., energy, agriculture, and hospitality) make a significant contribution to the economy of boreal communities. Key words: community status, well-being, forest dependence, forest policy, triad land management, boreal forest

scholarly journals Hummingbird–Plant Interactions Are More Specialized in Forest Compared to Coffee Plantations

Diversity ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 126
Author(s):  
Beth M. L. Morrison ◽  
Chase D. Mendenhall
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Scales ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Species Interaction ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Plant Interactions ◽  
Coffee Plantations ◽  
Forest Dependence ◽  
Spatially Explicit Models ◽  
Land Use Decisions ◽  
Forest Habitats

Deforestation transforms habitats, displacing vertebrates and the other dimensions of biodiversity they support through their interactions. Few empirical studies have quantified the effect deforestation has on vertebrate–pollinator interaction networks. Here we quantify how hummingbird–plant networks change in relation to hummingbird diversity across a deforestation gradient. We found that, overall, hummingbird–plant interactions were significantly more specialized in forests and specialized interactions decayed rapidly with the loss of tree cover at small spatial scales. Hummingbird species interaction specialization was also higher in forest habitats compared to coffee plantations, but we found no support for a morphological hummingbird trait that predicted interaction specialization or forest dependence. Finally, we developed spatially explicit models for quantifying impacts of land-use decisions on hummingbird species and the biodiversity they support. These tools can be used to identify and prioritize important habitats for conservation activities, like creating new protected areas and improving agricultural lands for biodiversity.

scholarly journals Soil CO2 efflux in a beech forest: dependence on soil temperature and soil water content

1999 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Epron ◽  
Lætitia Farque ◽  
Éric Lucot ◽  
Pierre-Marie Badot
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Soil Water Content ◽  
Beech Forest ◽  
Soil Co2 Efflux ◽  
Co2 Efflux ◽  
Soil Co2 ◽  
Forest Dependence

Poverty, forest dependence and forest degradation links: evidence from Zagros, Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arezoo Soltani ◽  
Arild Angelsen ◽  
Tron Eid
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Resource Use ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Zagros Mountains ◽  
Forest Dependence ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Sustainable Resource Use ◽  
Forest Use ◽  
Resource Data ◽  
Family Based

AbstractThe article analyzes the links between poverty, forest use and dependence, and forest degradation by combining household and forest resource data from two sites in the Zagros Mountains, Iran: Ghamishale and Tange Tamoradi. At both sites, traditional forms of forest management are practised; in Ghamishale management is mainly family based, whereas in Tange Tamoradi it is village based. The poverty–forest dependence link is strongly influenced by population density, carrying capacity and institutions for forest management. In addition, the study revealed the tradeoff between equity and sustainable resource use as outputs of different institutional arrangements. We do not find any evidence that poor households or households with high forest dependence contribute more to forest degradation than others. The results therefore raise concerns about the potential consequences of policies globally that address forest degradation only through poverty alleviation and forest-dependence reduction.

scholarly journals Autonomy Necessary but not Sufficient: Comparative Study of CFM, Nepal and JFM, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rucha Chate ◽  
Suresh Ghate
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Common Pool Resources ◽  
Forest Product ◽  
Common Pool ◽  
Product Availability ◽  
Forest Dependence ◽  
Functional Autonomy ◽  
Using Data

‘Autonomy’ to local users is widely discussed and considered a necessary attribute to form and effectively function self-governing associations in common pool resources. Especially when the resource is local in scale, autonomy to local users can ensure good governance on the ground so locals are better equipped in developing effective institutions. This article compares varying degrees of autonomy to forest dwelling communities and its effect in decentralized forest management in two countries – Nepal and India. Comparison is made by using data collected from revisits of 6 IFRI sites from each country, after creating indices for functional autonomy, institutional functioning, forest quality, and forest dependence of the respective communities. The paper concludes that extending autonomy to communities is not enough; rather autonomy needs to be functional. Also, forming and putting institutions in place may not lead to improvement in forest quality and forest product availability. The newly created institutions need sufficient investment to make them robust, for which positive and proactive intervention by various agencies is essential. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfl.v9i1.8592 Journal of Forestry and Livelihood Vol.9(1) 2010 33-44

scholarly journals Household welfare and forest dependence in Southern Malawi

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
MONICA FISHER
Keyword(s):  
Living Standards ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Forest Dependence ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
Forest Income ◽  
Tobit Analysis ◽  
High Return ◽  
Gini Decomposition ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Forest Activities

This paper examines the role forests play in alleviating poverty in rural Malawi. Data from three villages in southern Malawi indicate high levels of forest dependence. Gini decomposition shows that access to forest income reduced measured income inequality at the study sites. Tobit analysis of the determinants of reliance on low-return and high-return forest activities indicates that asset-poor households are more reliant on forest activities compared with the better off; reliance on high-return activities is conditioned also by availability of adult male labor and location. Taken together, the study's findings suggest that forests prevent poverty by supplementing income, and may also help to improve the living standards of households that are able to enter into high-return forest occupations. Policy implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Scaling up REDD+ strategies in Bangladesh: a forest dependence study in the Chittagong Hill Tracts

2014 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Danesh Miah ◽  
Shalina Akther ◽  
Man Yong Shin ◽  
Masao Koike
Keyword(s):  
Scaling Up ◽  
Chittagong Hill Tracts ◽  
Forest Dependence
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