scholarly journals Simulating the Effects of Supply and Demand Elasticities on Political-Economic Equilibrium

10.1596/28277 ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
David S. Bullock
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Economic Equilibrium ◽  
Demand Elasticities ◽  
Political Economic

Towards a Microeconomics for Ecological Sustainability

1994 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Söderbaum
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Building Stone ◽  
Ecological Sustainability ◽  
Economic Man ◽  
The Social ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Societal Decision

Environmental problems represent a challenge to economics. The neoclassical view of man as a rational consumer and of firms as profit maximizing entities may be useful for some purposes but does not facilitate a debate about ethics or the social responsibility of business. In this essay ‘political-economic man’ is suggested as an alternative to ‘economic man’ and also organizations are seen as political entities. A view of markets in network terms is furthermore suggested as being complementary to the conventional ideas of supply and demand. Finally, a ‘holistic’ idea of economics is advocated and used as the building stone for alternative approaches to societal decision-making. Together these elements comprise the skeleton of a microeconomics for ecological sustainability.

Understanding Migration and Income Inequality

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Assaf Razin
Keyword(s):  
Income Inequality ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Economic Equilibrium ◽  
Majority Voting ◽  
Disposable Income ◽  
The Political ◽  
Soviet Jews ◽  
Redistribution Policy ◽  
Political Economic

Because the Soviet-Jews exodus was not foreseen ahead of time, Israel’s migration experience is amenable to the natural-experiment methodology. Disposable-income inequality in Israel, was roughly stable until the beginning of the 1990s, rose sharply following the immigration wave, even though no such change occurs with respect to the market-generated inequality. The chapter develops a stylized general equilibrium model with free migration, where wages are endogenous and redistribution policy is determined by (endogenously determined) majority voting. It address the issue of how migration can reshape the political balance of power, especially between skilled and unskilled and between native-born and migrants, and consequently to political-economic equilibrium redistribution policy of the welfare state.

Estimating Both Supply and Demand Elasticities Using Variation in a Single Tax Rate

Econometrica ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 86 (2) ◽  
pp. 763-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
Floris T. Zoutman ◽  
Evelina Gavrilova ◽  
Arnt O. Hopland
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Demand Elasticities ◽  
Single Tax

scholarly journals An Economic Equilibrium Model for Optimizing Passenger Transport Corridor Mode Structure Based on Travel Surplus

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 4024
Author(s):  
Xu Wang ◽  
Jingni Song ◽  
Qunqi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Equilibrium Model ◽  
Travel Demand ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Economic Equilibrium ◽  
Fixed Cost ◽  
Passenger Transport ◽  
Good Convergence ◽  
Service Mode

Proper corridor configuration is the basic prerequisite for meeting demand to the maximum extent and optimally configuring transport resources. As the existing studies only pursue quantitative balance, without good understanding of the decision-making mechanism of passenger travel, they can hardly be used to guide effective infrastructure planning. The aim of this study was to put forward a new planning concept from the perspective of economics. Firstly, the decision-making mechanism of travel behavior was considered based on the demand subject, and the travel demand was classified. Next, the travel surplus of the demand subject was analyzed, and the travel decision-making criterion of maximizing the travel surplus was put forward. Then, a discrete economic equilibrium model for structural optimization of the passenger transport corridor was constructed and solved by the GlobalSearch algorithm. Finally, the effectiveness of the model and algorithm was verified through examples. The results indicate the good convergence of the algorithm. Different corridor travel demand, time value distribution and fixed cost of service mode all have great influence on the service mode configuration of the comprehensive transport passenger corridor and basically conform to the internal mechanism of supply and demand. The results show that the model and algorithm proposed in this paper are valid and can provide effective reference for the design and policy making of passenger transport corridor mode supply.

scholarly journals Estimation of Supply and Demand Elasticities for Major Crops Produced in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-152
Author(s):  
Saima Rani ◽  
David Vanzetti ◽  
Elizabeth Petersen ◽  
Muhammad Qasim
Keyword(s):  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Demand Systems ◽  
Demand Elasticities ◽  
Traditional Crops

Thisarticlestudiesthe supply and demand of major Pakistani crops. We estimatesupply elasticities usinga Nerlovian partialadjustment processanddemand elasticities usingthe Deaton and MuellbauerAlmost Ideal Demand Systems (AIDS). We usesecondary data from various Household IntegratedEconomicSurveysand Agricultural Statistics of Pakistan. Our estimated supplyelasticities with respect to price liebetween 0.1 and 0.5 for all crops. Pulses tend to have higher elasticities than traditional crops such as wheat and rice. Demand elasticities with respect to price tend to beinelastic, with the exception of poultry andfruit which appearto be luxury items. Pulses are income inelastic, implying that consumption may not rise significantly asper capita incomesand thatthe introduction of yield enhancing varietieswill lead to lower prices.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document