Expanding Social Insurance Coverage to Informal Workers

10.1596/27932 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hernan Winkler ◽  
Elizabeth Ruppert Bulmer ◽  
Hilma Mote
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Informal Workers

scholarly journals Social Security Enrollment as an Indicator of State Fragility and Legitimacy: A Field Experiment in Maghreb Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 266
Author(s):  
Walid Merouani ◽  
Claire El Moudden ◽  
Nacer Eddine Hammouda
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Discrete Choice Models ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Social Security Systems ◽  
State Fragility ◽  
Informal Workers ◽  
Informal Labor ◽  
State Legitimacy

State legitimacy and effectiveness can be observed in the state’s approach to delivering welfare to citizens, thus mitigating social grievances and avoiding conflicts. Social security systems in the Maghreb countries are relatively similar in their architecture and aim to provide social insurance to all the workers in the labor market. However, they suffer from the same main problem: a low rate of enrollment of workers. Many workers (employees and self-employed) work informally without any social security coverage. The issue of whether informal jobs are chosen voluntarily by workers or as a strategy of last resort is controversial. Many authors recognize that the informal sector is heterogeneous and assume that it is made up of (1) workers who voluntarily choose it, and (2) others who are pushed into it because of entry barriers to the formal sector. The former assumption tells us much about state legitimacy/attractiveness, and the latter is used to inform state effectiveness in delivering welfare. Using the Sahwa survey and discrete choice models, this article confirms the heterogeneity of the informal labor market in three Maghreb countries: Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. Furthermore, this article highlights the profiles of workers who voluntarily choose informality, an aspect that is missing from previous studies. Finally, this article proposes policy recommendations in order to extend social security to informal workers and to include them in the formal labor market.

Actual Problems of Compensation for Health Damage Caused During the Performance of Labor Duties

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
V. V. Kulakov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Insurance Fund ◽  
Controversial Issues ◽  
Medical Organization ◽  
Social Insurance Fund ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health Damage ◽  
The Right

The article discusses the controversial issues of compensation for physical harm caused to an employee. The article analyzes the possibility of satisfying the claim for compensation of such expenses, presented directly to the harmer, provided that the insurance coverage is obtained at the expense of the Social Insurance Fund. The conclusion is made about the possibility of such a claim. At the same time, the conditions for its satisfaction are determined, including the victim»s need for such expenses, taking into account the right to choose a doctor and a medical organization, in the absence of signs of abuse of the right.

scholarly journals Biological Damage, as a Special Figure of Non-pecuniary Damage and Problems Encountered in Albanian Jurisprudence

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Juliana Bylykbashi ◽  
Eneida Sema Dervishi
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Biological Damage ◽  
Health Damage ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Injured Party ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Insurance Compensation

Non-pecuniary damage is one of the institutes of civil law that aims to protect and restore the rights of personality laid out in certain provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Albania and expressly referred to in Article 8 of the European Convention on Fundamental Human Rights and Freedoms. Judicial jurisprudence has rendered non-pecuniary damage in the case of health damage, physical or psychological integrity in three separate types of damage: biological damage, moral and existential damage. The subject of this paper will be one of the figures of non-pecuniary damage, biological damage or otherwise called damage to health, being a matter of little or no treatment and the problems it faces in Albanian jurisprudence. One of the topics to be dealt with in this paper is the manner and criteria for calculating health insurance compensation, a topic that has met discussions about the actual value of the compensation or the value of the expected income that the injured party or relatives should receive from social insurance. In the provisions related to the value of the compensation coverage, insurance laws and bylaws foresee certain limitations, not only in the method of calculating non-pecuniary  damages, but also with regard to the minimum amount of insurance coverage by the insurance companies. Referring to Albanian court practices there have been cases where there has been discrepancies in the calculation of biological damage between the insurance companies and the court.

The Challenges of Social Security Coverage and Early Retirement in Jordan

2019 ◽  
pp. 313-340
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Alhawarin ◽  
Irene Selwaness
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Early Retirement ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Public Sector Employees ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Using Data ◽  
First Job

Jordan has undergone a profound social security reform since 2010, primarily aiming to ensure the financial sustainability of the system over time. Using data from the 2010 and 2016 Jordan Labor Market Panel Survey (JLMPS), this chapter examines the dynamics of Jordanian workers’ access to social security and trends in early retirement incidence before and after the reform. The chapter also explores the time it takes to acquire social security coverage on the labor market before and after the reform. Our findings show that the overall incidence of social insurance coverage slightly increased in 2016, for private sector wage workers, irregular wage workers, and non-wage workers (employers and self-employed). Public sector employees were the most likely to acquire social insurance coverage at the start of their jobs, followed by the private sector wage workers inside establishments. Both men and women who started their first job after the 2010 reform experienced a decline in their probability of acquiring social insurance coverage upon their job start. Moreover, the average incidence of early retirement slightly declined among men while still being highly prevalent around ages 40–46.

scholarly journals Prawo do zasiłku macierzyńskiego po ustaniu ubezpieczenia chorobowego — wybrane zagadnienia

2019 ◽  
Vol 117 ◽  
pp. 117-132
Author(s):  
Karolina Stopka
Keyword(s):  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Employment Contract ◽  
Cash Benefits ◽  
The Right

MATERNITY ALLOWANCE AFTER THE EXPIRY OF ILLNESS INSURANCE — SELECTED ISSUESThe study analyzed the regulation of maternity allowance after the expiry of illness insurance contained in Article 30 of the Act on Cash Benefits from Social Insurance in Case of Illness and Motherhood. This analysis was carried out in terms of the grounds justifying insurance coverage after the expiry of the insurance, the type of events covered by the protection as well as the circumstances conditioning the use of it. When assessing the circumstances determining the right to the allowance, the provisions of the Labour Code determining the rights of employees in relation to parenthood and in the case of an unlawful termination of the employment contract by the employer were referred to. The study also referred to the construction of the allowance and formulated de lege ferenda postulates.

scholarly journals Quantifying the Benefits of Social Insurance: Unemployment Insurance and Health

2020 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elira Kuka
Keyword(s):  
Unemployment Insurance ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Health Insurance Coverage ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
The United States ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Unemployment Rates ◽  
Reported Health

While the unemployment insurance (UI) program is one of the largest safety net programs in the United States, research on its benefits is limited. This paper exploits plausibly exogenous changes in state UI laws to empirically estimate whether UI generosity mitigates any of the previously documented negative health effects of job loss. The results show that higher UI generosity increases health insurance coverage and utilization, with stronger effects during periods of high unemployment rates. During such periods, higher UI generosity also leads to improved self-reported health. Finally, I find no effects on risky behaviors or health conditions.

Three Worlds of Social Insurance: On the Validity of Esping-Andersen's Welfare Regime Dimensions

2012 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 323-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Jan van der Veen ◽  
Wouter van der Brug
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Social Insurance ◽  
Insurance Coverage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Welfare Regimes ◽  
Three Dimensional Model ◽  
Social Democratic ◽  
Third Dimension

Esping-Andersen developed a typology of welfare regimes: conservative, liberal and social democratic, which are measured on the basis of seven indicators. We re-examine Esping-Andersen's data as well as replication data compiled by Scruggs and Allan to show that the seven indicators do not form valid measures of these welfare regimes. In addition to divergences in their measurement, the seven indicators are a mixture of institutional characteristics of welfare systems and outcome measures of social stratification. A measurement model based on the five institutional characteristics of welfare regimes that pertain to social insurance, however, does fit both the original and replication data. This article therefore proposes a three-dimensional model of conservative and liberal social insurance, which treats universal insurance coverage as the third dimension, instead of Esping-Andersen's ‘socialist’ regime. Although this does not fundamentally alter the typology of countries, it has implications for previous studies that employ country scores based on Esping-Andersen's method as independent variables in causal models. To illustrate these implications, this article re-examines a study by Noël and Thérien and calls into question their conclusions on the causal connections between the social democratic welfare state and levels of foreign aid.

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