scholarly journals Consumer contribution to food contamination in Brazil: modelling the food safety risk in the home

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 154-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Paulo Olinto da Motta ◽  
Steve Flint ◽  
Paul Perry ◽  
Alasdair Noble
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Food Poisoning ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Foodborne Diseases ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Basic Health Care

Foodborne diseases are among the most widespread public health issues, killing about 2.2 million people annually, and costing hundreds of billions of US dollars for governments, companies, families and consumers (WHO, 2007). In Brazil, foodborne diseases acquired in the home account for 55% of notified outbreaks (BRASIL, 2012). Several studies have investigated aspects of consumer behaviour concerning food poisoning, mapping practices in the home, but it remains a challenge to obtain a full picture of the consumer contribution to food contamination (REDMOND and GRIFFITH, 2003). This study aimed to assess the risks of food contamination in the home. A questionnaire containing 140 questions concerning food safety knowledge, handling practices, personal hygiene and basic health care, covering the stages when the food is under the control of the consumer, was developed and used to gather data for analysis. Appropriate scores were attributed to the questions (consequences to food safety) and answers (likelihood of food contamination). A risk estimate algorithm and an appropriate risk ranking scale were used to assess the results. From August 2011 to March 2012, survey questionnaires were collected from 2,775 consumers in Brazil across 19 out of 27 state capitals. The study found risky practices with the potential to lead to food poisoning occurrences in the domestic environment in the following handling steps: food transportation, food preparation, cooking and the handling of leftovers. The personal hygiene, age, formal education, family income and basic health care habits represented the factors most related to the risky practices of consumers, which could orientate food safety educational campaigns for the Brazilian population.

scholarly journals Food Safety Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Chotpoti Vendors in Dhaka, Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
Md Zakiul Hassan ◽  
Md Saiful Islam ◽  
Md Salauddin ◽  
Abu Hena Abid Zafr ◽  
Shahinul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Food Contamination ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Preparation ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Food Handling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
Safety Knowledge

Background: Chotpoti is a popular street food among all groups of people from low to high income in most cities of Bangladesh.Objective: This study was conducted to describe the vending sites, the stalls and equipments used for food preparation, current level of food safety knowledge of vendors and the way to prepare foods to understand the risks of food contamination and opportunities for prevention.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between July and October, 2012. We selected 18 popular chotpoti vending sites including market places, bus stops, road sides and amusement parks located under Dhaka city corporation areas by judgment sampling. From each study site we randomly selected six vendors for interview. A structured pretested questionnaire was used for data collection. Data were collected on (i) socio-economic and demographic characteristics of the respondents; (ii) health and personal hygiene knowledge of vendors; (iii) vendors’ food handling practices and (iv) source of ingredients and process of chotpoti making. Location of the chotpoti vendors, utensils used, handling of food, place of preparation of chotpoti, environment surroundings of the stall, general processing of chotpoti and hygienic practices were observed and recorded through an observation checklist.Results: We interviewed a total of 110 vendors. All vendors were male, the majority was between 21 and 30 years of age. Majority (58.2%) of the vendors acquired the knowledge of chotpoti preparation through observation. Nearly all vendors (99%) handled food with bare hands, 95% did not use aprons and hair covering and 94% handled money while serving chotpoti. Most vendors had leftovers; out of those 30% reported discarding them and the rest stored them for following day’s sale with inappropriate storage. Nearly one-third (32.7%) of the vendors washed their utensils with dirty water which is recycled. Majority reported that they changed the bucket water only once per 12 hours. Presence of flies was observed on food and surroundings of 33% of the stalls. Of the vendors interviewed, most of them did not have garbage receptacles and 23% disposed wastes nearby their stalls and 76% disposed in nearby dustbin.Conclusion: This study demonstrates that chotpoti vendors do not have formal education and formal training on food preparation. Moreover, lack of hand hygiene knowledge, infrequent cleaning of utensils with soap, inappropriate management of leftover foods, and lack of proper waste management create numerous possibilities for food contamination. Consumption of street vended chotpoti may pose a risk of food borne diseases and steps should be taken to educate and train the vendors on personal hygiene and food handling practices.J Enam Med Col 2017; 7(2): 69-76

Thailand's Bare-headed Doctors

1985 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 761-796 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Gosling
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Basic Health Care

For the last few years an imaginative programme for training Buddhist monks in basic health care has been in operation in Thailand. The scheme, originally based on two wats (temples) in Bangkok, is now being extended to the Northeast where poverty and malnutrition are most acute. The originator of the programme, Dr Prawase Wasi, a distinguished haematologist, has received several awards for his work, which is increasingly recognized as a major landmark in the implementation of health care in developing countries.

scholarly journals (A4) Emergency Health Interventions in Earthquakes: Red Cross Experience from Haiti and Chile, 2010

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S1) ◽  
pp. s2-s2
Author(s):  
P. Saaristo ◽  
T. Aloudat
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Emergency Response ◽  
Red Cross ◽  
Local Health ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Basic Health Care ◽  
Health Response ◽  
Local Health Care ◽  
Local Health Care System ◽  
Rapid Deployment

On 12 January 2010, the fate of Haiti and its people shifted with the ground beneath them as the strongest earthquake in 200 years, and a series of powerful aftershocks demolished the capital and multiple areas throughout the southern coast in thirty seconds, leaving some 220,000 people dead, and 300,000 persons injured. On 27 February 2010, at 03:35 hours local time, an earthquake of magnitude 8.8 struck Chile. As a consequence, the tsunami generated affected a coastal strip of more than 500 kilometers. Approximately 1.5 million people were affected and thousands lost their homes and livelihoods. The emergency health response of the International Red Cross Movement to both disasters was immediate, powerful and dynamic. The IFRC deployed seven emergency response units (ERU) to Haiti: one 150-bed referral hospital, one Rapid Deployment Emergency Hospital, and five basic health care units. One surgical hospital and two Basic Health Care Units were deployed to Chile. The ERU system of the IFRC is a flexible and dynamic tool for emergency health response in shifting and challenging environments. Evaluations show that the system performs well during urban and rural disasters. Despite a very different baseline in the two contexts, the ERU system of IFRC can adapt to the local needs. As panorama of pathology in the aftermath of an earthquake changes, the ERU system adapts and continues supporting the local health care system in its recovery.

scholarly journals Inefficiency Factors in Basic Health Care Supply in Côte d’Ivoire: A Comparative Econometric Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Alliou S. Diarrassouba
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Health Care Facilities ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
Technical Inefficiency ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Basic Health Care ◽  
Double Bootstrap

The achievement of universal health coverage has put Primary Health Care back at the center of policy orientations, particularly by identifying factors likely to improve the organization of peripheral facilities. However, this objective depends on the econometric methods used, especially for cross-sectional data and small sample sizes. This study aims to examine the sensitivity of the most usual estimation methods (Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), DEA double bootstrap, Tobit, Truncated Standard Regression) for evaluating the scores and determinants of technical inefficiency of Primary Health Care Facilities (PHCF) in Côte d’Ivoire. Estimates show average technical efficiency scores of 94.13% for the DEA versus 89.61% for the SFA and 82.24% for the DEA double bootstrap. The results also indicate a proportion of determinants of technical inefficiency, in decreasing order of importance, with the DEA double bootstrap, the SFA, truncated regression and Tobit. This technical inefficiency can be improved in policies to promote basic health care by: increasing the proportion of nurses in the medical staff, the nurse/inhabitant ratio, the adult literacy rate by region, controlling the average capacity of the PHCFs, improving their geographical accessibility and reducing the rate of extreme poverty by health region.

Community Physicians' Knowledge on Basic Health Care for Elderly Persons in Israel: Comparing Findings From 2006 to 1996

2010 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 174-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Lubart ◽  
Refael Segal ◽  
Ruth Mishiev ◽  
Ruth Buchman ◽  
Arthur Leibovitz
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Basic Health Care

Making Basic Health Care Accessible to Rural Communities: A Case Study of Kiang West District in Rural Gambia

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Saja Sanneh ◽  
Allen H. Hu ◽  
Modou Njai ◽  
Omar Malleh Ceesay ◽  
Buba Manjang
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Basic Health ◽  
Basic Health Care
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