scholarly journals The prevalence of glucose metabolism disturbances in Chinese Muslims and possible risk factors: a study from northwest China

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (7) ◽  
pp. 715-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Lin Hua ◽  
Wan-Fu Liu ◽  
Hui-Ling Song ◽  
Xin-Wen Dai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Muslim Population ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective To survey the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and pre-diabetes mellitus (PDM) in the Muslim population in northwest China, and discuss the risk factor. Materials and methods According to the income and the population, we randomly selected 3 villages with stratified and cluster sampling. The subjects were residents ≥ 20 years of age, and were from families which have been local for > 3 generations. The questionnaire and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were completed and analyzed for 660 subjects. Results The prevalence of DM and PDM between the Han and Muslim populations were different (P = 0.041). And the prevalence were also different with respect to age in the Han (P < 0.001) and Muslim population (P < 0.001) respectively. Except for the 20-year-old age group the prevalence of DM and PDM within the Muslim population was higher than the Han (P = 0.013), we did not find any significant difference for other age groups (P > 0.05). The intake of salt (P < 0.001) and edible oil (P < 0.001) in the Muslim population was higher than the Han, while cigarette smoking (P < 0.001) and alcohol consumption (P < 0.001) was lower. BMI (P < 0.001), age (P = 0.025), and smoking cigarettes (P = 0.011) were risk factors for DM and PDM, but alcohol consumption (P < 0.001) was a protective factor. Conclusions In northwest China, the prevalence of DM was higher in the Muslim population, and it was special higher on the 20-year-old age compared to the Han. This might be explained by the potential genetic differences and poor dietary habits.

scholarly journals Differences Between Dietary, Drinking Habits and Physical Activity of the Adult Population Living in Two Distinct Geographic Areas of Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (11) ◽  
pp. 3100-3105
Author(s):  
Iosif Balint ◽  
Sandor Pal ◽  
Lorand Ferencz ◽  
Zoltan Abram
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
General Population ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Significant Difference

The constantly and intensely changing modern society has a negative influence on the the general population�s health status. Risk factors being deeply inserted in the structure of the modern society can hardly be influenced and corrected. The aim of the study was the lifestyle- and diet-related comparison of two distinct adult populations from Romania: Bacau and Tirgu Mures. Material and methods: We evaluated the dietary habits, alcohol consumption and physical activity by a complex, validated questionnaire. Body mass index was also determined. The adult population from Tirgu Mures numbered 352 subjects, who were compared to the adults from Bacau, numbering 231 individuals. The considered threshold of significance was 0.05. Body mass index is over the normal range in more than 2/3 of the subjects. The overweight occurrence was 37.95%. The majority of the subjects (77.5%) has regular daily exercise (30 minutes or more). Daily alcohol consumption was present in 42.42% of the cases. Dietary habits were also analyzed: 61.9% of the subjects consume breakfast daily, and 46.94% of them consumes snacks between meals 2-3 times per week. A statistical difference could be observed regarding the frequency of breakfast consumption and body mass index (p-0.042): 2/3 of the studied adults from Tirgu Mures who eat breakfast sometimes having their body mass index over 25 kg/m2. Regarding physical activity a significant difference could be observed in case of those who responded rarely or never (p-0.027) (76.0% of Mures county with this response vs. only 24.0% in Bacau). The frequency of alcohol consumption is higher in Tirgu Mures and surroundings in case of once or several times per week consumption (p-0.005). Instructional and educational interventions targeting the development of healthier lifestyle habits in general population are worthy and needed to reduce the risk factors associated with the development of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases and reducing the burden upon the society of these diseases.

scholarly journals A Novel Enema Method Can Prevent Infectious Complications of Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsy: A Single-Center Experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatih Gokalp ◽  
Omer Koras ◽  
Didar GURSOY ◽  
Hakan Sigva ◽  
Sefa Burak PORGALI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Prostate Biopsy ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Transrectal Ultrasound ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 1

Background: Transrectal ultrasound biopsy is the preferred method for diagnosing prostate cancer, but it can cause infectious complications as a result of fluoroquinolone resistance. We aimed to explore the potential protective effect of a second rectal enema before biopsy. Methods: Between January 2015 and December 2020, 419 patients were assessed retrospectively. Patients with a history of anticoagulant use, uncontrolled diabetes, urological surgery, prostate biopsy, or recent hospitalization or overseas travel, as well as those with previous prostatitis, were excluded from the study. The patients were subsequently divided into two groups: Group 1 (n=223) had received one enema, on the morning of the biopsy, and Group 2 (n=196) had received two, with the additional enema administered half an hour before the procedure. Results: There was no significant difference between the groups in terms of age, BMI, diabetes, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, and prostate size (p=0.076, p=0.489, p=0.265, p=0.193, and p=0.661, respectively) or in relation to cancer detection (p=0.428). The median hospitalization date was significantly higher in Group 1 (p=0.003) as was UTI development (p=0.004). However, there was no significant difference in terms of fever and sepsis (p=0.524 and p=0.548, respectively). Additionally, subgroup analysis demonstrated that UTI was significantly lower in patients with diabetes mellitus who had received a second enema (p=0.004), though there was no significant difference in UTI between the groups in those without diabetes mellitus (p=0.215). Multivariable analysis showed that age and diabetes were significant risk factors for the development of UTI (p=0.002andp=0.003, respectively). Furthermore, the second enema was a significant protective factor for preventing UTI (p<0.001). Conclusion: Older age and the presence of diabetes mellitus are independent risk factors for UTI after prostate biopsy. A second enema procedure before biopsy may protect patients from related infectious complications and could therefore be used as an alternative preventative method.

GROWTH HORMONE RESPONSES TO FRUCTOSE IN DIABETES MELLITUS

1974 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 497-502
Author(s):  
Mayer B. Davidson ◽  
Roger M. Steele
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Fasting Glucose ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Gh Secretion ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Duration Of Disease ◽  
Hormone Responses

ABSTRACT Since fructose is normally metabolized in diabetics and has recently been shown to stimulate GH secretion, it was used to assess GH responses in diabetics. Fourteen diabetics (9 on insulin) and 8 controls matched for weight were studied. Fructose, infused over 10 min, was compared to arginine, infused over 30 min, both at 0.5 g/kg. Samples were collected at 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 min and GH responses assessed as area under the curve minus the fasting area. There was no significant difference between the GH responses in diabetics and controls to either agent. Responses to arginine and fructose were significantly correlated (r = 0.60, P < 0.01) in all subjects, but not related to therapy, duration of disease or fasting glucose (75–287 mg/100 ml) in the diabetics. Oral glucose blunted the GH response to fructose in 2 controls. It is concluded that 1) fructose can stimulate GH secretion in male diabetics; 2) however, fructose-stimulated GH responses are not increased in diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Incidence of diabetes mellitus and associated risk factors in the adult population of the Basque country, Spain

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Inés Urrutia ◽  
◽  
Alicia Martín-Nieto ◽  
Rosa Martínez ◽  
J Oriol Casanovas-Marsal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Family History ◽  
Basque Country ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Incident Cases

AbstractThe aim of this study was to estimate the incidence of diabetes mellitus in the Basque Country and the risk factors involved in the disease by reassessing an adult population after 7 years of follow-up. In the previous prevalence study, 847 people older than 18 years were randomly selected from all over the Basque Country and were invited to answer a medical questionnaire, followed by a physical examination and an oral glucose tolerance test. In the reassessment, the same variables were collected and the resulting cohort comprised 517 individuals of whom 43 had diabetes at baseline. The cumulative incidence of diabetes was 4.64% in 7 years and the raw incidence rate was 6.56 cases/1000 person-years (95%CI: 4.11–9.93). Among the incident cases, 59% were undiagnosed. The most strongly associated markers by univariate analyses were age > 60 years, dyslipidaemia, prediabetes and insulin resistance. We also found association with hypertension, obesity, family history of diabetes and low education level. Multivariate analysis adjusted for age and sex showed that a set of risk factors assessed together (dyslipidaemia, waist-to-hip-ratio and family history of diabetes) had great predictive value (AUC-ROC = 0.899, 95%CI: 0.846–0.953, p = 0.942), which suggests the need for early intervention before the onset of prediabetes.

AN EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDY ON SELECTED RISK FACTORS OF STROKE AMONG ADULTS LIVING IN A SLUM OF KOLKATA.

2021 ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Tanushree Mondal ◽  
V. Abhinesh ◽  
Soumitra Mondal ◽  
Shibasish Banerjee ◽  
Debasis Das
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Public Health Intervention ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Study Participants

Introduction: Stroke is a major cause of permanent disability. Currently, the burden of stroke in terms of mortality, morbidity and disability is increasing across the world including India. The main risk factor of stroke are high blood pressure, tobacco smoking, obesity, high blood cholesterol and diabetes mellitus. Lifestyle factors that increase the risk of stroke include smoking, drinking alcohol, high fat diet. Objective: To identify the socio demographic prole of study population and to nd out the proportion of selected risk factors of stroke among the study subjects and to assess different risk factors among them. Methodology:An observational descriptive cross sectional study was undertaken in urban eld practice area of a teaching institute of Kolkata. By 2 using the formula 4pq/l , total 200 participants were selected by simple random sampling and they were interviewed during house to house visit with WHO STEPS questionnaire for Non Communicable Diseases (NCD). Results: The mean age of the participants was 42.39 years and 33.5% participants were overweight with high BMI. Only 26 % participants were hypertensive and most of them (57.69%) had duration of hypertension more than 1 year. Majority (72.03%) did not have diabetes mellitus. Most (61%) of study participants had done moderate intensity physical activity regularly. Almost 25.5% study participants consume tobacco products and Most of the study 92.8% participants consumed alcohol 1-4 times in past 30 days. Signicant association were seen between gender and smoking (p=0.005), Gender and alcohol consumption (p=0.000), Religion and alcohol consumption (p=0.03), Occupation category and alcohol consumption (p=0.002), Marital status and hypertension (p=0.001). Conclusion: Effective public health intervention required promote regular exercise and healthy eating, avoiding alcohol and tobacco. Periodic screening for hypertension and diabetes and early diagnosis and treatment are key strategy for stroke prevention.

Association of cardiovascular risk factors with markers of endothelial dysfunction in middle-aged men and women

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (01) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Thorand ◽  
Jens Baumert ◽  
Angela Döring ◽  
Andrea Schneider ◽  
Lloyd Chambless ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Endothelial Dysfunction ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
High Body Mass Index ◽  
Moderate Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Men And Women

SummaryEndothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases and diabetes mellitus. However, the causes underlying endothelial dysfunction are not fully understood. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate associations of cardiovascular risk factors with soluble adhesion molecules (sE-Selectin, sICAM-1), soluble thrombomodulin (sTM) and von Willebrand factor (vWF) as markers of endothelial dysfunction. The study population consisted of a subcohort of 2,168 men and women aged 35 to 74 years randomly drawn from three cross-sectional population-based MONICA/ KORA Augsburg surveys conducted between 1984 and 1995. In multivariable linear regression analysis, current smoking, high (versus moderate) alcohol consumption, ratio of total cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol (TC/HDL-C) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly associated with elevated levels of sEselectin and sICAM-1. Increased levels of sE-selectin were also found in subjects with actual hypertension, high body mass index and prevalent diabetes mellitus. In addition, low physical activity and no (versus moderate) alcohol consumption were significantly associated with elevated concentrations of sICAM-1. Levels of sTM were higher in subjects with actual hypertension, no or high amounts of alcohol intake and a high ratio of TC/ HDL-C, but were lower in subjects witha history of myocardial infarction. VWF was significantly associated with CRP only. In conclusion, sE-selectin and sICAM-1 are more strongly associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors than sTM and vWF.

scholarly journals What is the knowledge of tubercular patients about risk factors contributing to development of their disease

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (Suppl. 2) ◽  
pp. 122-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Ilic
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Main Risk Factor ◽  
Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Basic Characteristics

INTRODUCTION. Present knowledge of population on basic characteristics of tuberculosis is a significant issue of prevention of tuberculosis. OBJECTIVE. The objective of our study was to determine the level of knowledge on risk factors of tuberculosis among tubercular patients. METHOD. A total of 115 new patients with the active pulmonary tuberculosis were interviewed by means of anonymous questionnaire, who has been treated at the Institute of Pulmonary Diseases, Sremska Kamenica during six-month period (October 2003-March 2004). RESULTS. The patients fulfilled the questionnaire; 37.6 % had no or finished only elementary school, and 58.6 % considered genetics the main risk factor of tuberculosis. Every second patient believed that he could not catch tuberculosis if he suffered from diabetes mellitus or any kind of tumor. 8.7 % of patients who suffered from diabetes mellitus had been informed by their physicians that could catch tuberculosis one day. Every third patient did not possess sewage system and nearly 20% lived in moist flats. Around 85% had no regular salaries or these were significantly under the average Serbian income per capita in this period (12820 dinars-CSD). Leading risk factors that can contribute to development of tuberculosis were as follows: irregular nutrition (91.4 %), smoking (74.2 %), alcohol consumption (65.5%) and associated diseases (diabetes mellitus, tumors). Only 15% of them believed that all these risk factors (smoking, alcohol, irregular diet) could participate together in development of tuberculosis, and not as individual factors. Analyzing the patients? knowledge on risk factors of tuberculosis, in relation to their educational level and alcohol and cigarettes consumption, there was no significant difference (p<0.05). Nevertheless, analyzing the quality of life in patients? houses, in relation to salary and bad habits (alcohol, cigarettes) as risk factors of tuberculosis, significant statistical difference was found (p>0.05). CONCLUSION. Intensive and permanent education of population is necessary primarily considering the knowledge on tuberculosis that would be the basis of reducing the number of patients and leading to possible eradication of this disease.

scholarly journals Pattern of Glucose Tolerance among Patients with Peripheral Spondyloarthritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 773-777
Author(s):  
A T M Tanveer Hasan ◽  
Al-Mamun .
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
General Population ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Peripheral Spondyloarthritis

Peripheral spondyloarthritis is a variant of spondyloarthritis which usually has a chronic course. There is an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases among patients with chronic inflammatory diseases in general. Coexisting diabetes mellitus can potentially add to the risk. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of glucose intolerance in patients with spondyloarthritis The study was conducted among 35 participants with peripheral spondyloarthritis who visited the Department of Rheumatology, Enam Medical College & Hospital, Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh from September, 2018 to January, 2020. The participants underwent either oral glucose tolerance test or estimation of HbA1C. The mean age of participants was 43.96 years. The majority (80%) of them were young to muddle-aged (≤40 years). 22.9% of the participants were prediabetic. Diabetes mellitus was found to be present in 37.1% of the participants. There was no significant difference between the study population and the general population in terms of frequency of prediabetes. But the frequency of diabetes in the study population was higher than that in the general population. There was no significant difference between males and females with regard to the frequencies of prediabetes and DM. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the frequencies of prediabetes and DM between young and middle-aged to elderly population. Considering the greater burden of DM among patients with peripheral spondyloarthritis across all age groups, routine screening for DM may be indicated in these individuals.

scholarly journals Analysis of Dietary Related Factors of Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis among College Students

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Du ◽  
Shenglou Ni ◽  
Yanling Fu ◽  
Sanhai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Recurrent Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Aphthous Stomatitis ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Fruit Intake ◽  
Carbonated Beverages ◽  
Frequent Drinking

Objective. We investigated the occurrence of recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) among college students and its potential influence by dietary habits. Methods. Study of dietary habits and RAS among students in Beijing University of Chinese Medicine was carried by homemade questionnaire. Multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify RAS risk factors and explore their relations. Results. Among 1011 investigated college students, family history (odds ratio (OR) 1.678, 95% confidence intervals (CI) 1.192 to 2.364, p<0.05), bed late (OR 1.515, 95% CI 1.005 to 2.285, p<0.05), frequent thirst (OR 1.842, 95% CI 1.393 to 2.435, p<0.001), and frequent drinking carbonated beverages (OR 1.369, 95% CI 1.029 to 1.821, p<0.05) were independent risk factors for RAS, but preference for nuts (OR 0.607, 95% CI 0.448 to 0.824, p<0.001) was a protective factor. There was no statistical difference in fruit intake between RAS and non-RAS groups (χ2 = 5.249, p>0.05). Conclusions. Among college students, frequent drinking carbonated beverages or frequent thirst will increase its possibility, whereas preference for nuts provides protection. In addition, fruit intake does not have a positive effect.

scholarly journals Prevalance of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Overweight Pregnant Women in Urban Antenatal Clinic at 24-28 Weeks of Gestation

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-62
Author(s):  
Rinku Joshi ◽  
Rosy Malla ◽  
Madhur Dev Bhattarai ◽  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Screening Test ◽  
Challenge Test ◽  
Antenatal Clinic ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Diabetes has become a significant health problem all over the world and its prevalence is increasing rapidly, including in Nepal. Prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is directly related to the prevalence of type 2 diabetes. Women who areoverweight or obese before they become pregnant are more at risk of GDM irrespective of other factors.Though the risk of developing GDM in shown to be higher in overweight or obese women, there are very few studies done to show such observation in the urban population of Nepal.Methods: This was a hospital based cross-sectional prospective study conducted among the women attending ante partum clinic, in a tertiary level hospital, located at Lalitpur for one-year duration in 2009. All overweight (pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI)>23) urban women at 24-28 weeks of gestation were enrolled.Fasting blood glucose, screening 50-g oral glucose challenge test(OGTT) and 2-hr OGTT following overnight fastingwas done as per need based on their test results and GDM was diagnosed based on standard guidelines.Results: Out of 256 women majority of women had BMI >25 kg/m2 (n=180),and 151(59%) were multiparous and 105 (41%) were primiparas. Positive screening test was obtained in 51 women (19.9%).The incidence of GDM by ADA and WHO criteria was 10 (3.9%) and 16 (6.3%) respectively. There was statistically non-significant difference in the rate of positive screening test and BMI (p=0.09). The abnormal screening test between primiparous and multiparous was significant (p=0.01).Conclusion: This study showed a high pre-pregnancy BMI and the incidence of GDMamong the patients enrolled. The rate of positive screening test is also higher than the previous studies so, GDM is a growing issue and must be well addressed.

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