scholarly journals Clinical Feasibility of Action Observation Based on Mirror Neuron System on Walking Performance in Post Stroke Patients

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 597-599 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-seop Kim ◽  
Kyoung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Neuron System ◽  
Post Stroke ◽  
Walking Performance

scholarly journals Is it necessary to show virtual limbs in action observation neurorehabilitation systems?

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 205566831985914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristián Modroño ◽  
Sergi Bermúdez ◽  
Mónica Cameirão ◽  
Fábio Pereira ◽  
Teresa Paulino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Neuron System

Introduction Action observation neurorehabilitation systems are usually based on the observation of a virtual limb performing different kinds of actions. In this way, the activity in the frontoparietal Mirror Neuron System is enhanced, which can be helpful to rehabilitate stroke patients. However, the presence of limbs in such systems might not be necessary to produce mirror activity, for example, frontoparietal mirror activity can be produced just by the observation of virtual tool movements. The objective of this work was to explore to what point the presence of a virtual limb impacts the Mirror Neuron System activity in neurorehabilitation systems. Methods The study was conducted by using an action observation neurorehabilitation task during a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiment with healthy volunteers and comparing two action observation conditions that: 1 – included or 2 – did not include a virtual limb. Results It was found that activity in the Mirror Neuron System was similar during both conditions (i.e. virtual limb present or absent). Conclusions These results open up the possibility of using new tasks that do not include virtual limbs in action observation neurorehabilitation environments, which can give more freedom to develop such systems.

Activation of mirror neuron system during gait observation in sub-acute stroke patients and healthy persons

2019 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 79-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akemi Hioka ◽  
Yoshiteru Tada ◽  
Keiko Kitazato ◽  
Yasuhisa Kanematsu ◽  
Yoshifumi Mizobuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Stroke ◽  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Neuron System ◽  
Healthy Persons

Mirror-neuron system recruitment by action observation: Effects of focal brain damage on mu suppression

NeuroImage ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 87 ◽  
pp. 127-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvi Frenkel-Toledo ◽  
Shlomo Bentin ◽  
Anat Perry ◽  
Dario G. Liebermann ◽  
Nachum Soroker
Keyword(s):  
Brain Damage ◽  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Neuron System ◽  
Mu Suppression

scholarly journals Mirror Neuron System Activation in Children With Unilateral Cerebral Palsy During Observation of Actions Performed by a Pathological Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 419-431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonino Errante ◽  
Giuseppe Di Cesare ◽  
Chiara Pinardi ◽  
Fabrizio Fasano ◽  
Silvia Sghedoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Neuron System ◽  
Important Region ◽  
Pathological Model ◽  
Unilateral Cerebral Palsy

Background. Recent evidence suggested that Action Observation Therapy (AOT), based on observation of actions followed by immediate reproduction, could be a useful rehabilitative strategy for promoting functional recovery of children affected by unilateral cerebral palsy (UCP). AOT most likely exploits properties of the parieto-premotor mirror neuron system (MNS). This is more intensely activated when participants observe actions belonging to their own motor repertoire. Objective. The aim of the present study was to investigate the issue of whether MNS of UCP children is better activated by actions performed by a paretic hand rather than a healthy one. Methods. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, we assessed brain activation in a homogeneous group of 10 right UCP children compared with that of 10 right-handed typically developing (TD) children, during observation of grasping actions performed by a healthy or a paretic hand. Results. The results revealed a significant activation within the MNS in both UCP and TD children, more lateralized to the left hemisphere in the TD group. Most important, region of interest (ROI) analysis on parietal and premotor regions showed that, in UCP, the MNS was more strongly activated by observation of actions performed by the paretic hand, a motor model more similar to the observer’s motor repertoire. Conclusions. This study shows that children affected by spastic UCP exhibit enhanced activation of the MNS during observation of goal-directed actions performed by a pathological model with respect to a healthy one.

scholarly journals Differential mirror neuron system (MNS) activation during action observation with and without social-emotional components in autism: a meta-analysis of neuroimaging studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Melody M. Y. Chan ◽  
Yvonne M. Y. Han
Keyword(s):  
Mirror Neuron System ◽  
Action Observation ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Inferior Frontal Gyrus ◽  
Mirror Neuron ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Activation Patterns ◽  
Neuron System ◽  
The Right

Abstract Background Impaired imitation has been found to be an important factor contributing to social communication deficits in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It has been hypothesized that the neural correlate of imitation, the mirror neuron system (MNS), is dysfunctional in ASD, resulting in imitation impairment as one of the key behavioral manifestations in ASD. Previous MNS studies produced inconsistent results, leaving the debate of whether “broken” mirror neurons in ASD are unresolved. Methods This meta-analysis aimed to explore the differences in MNS activation patterns between typically developing (TD) and ASD individuals when they observe biological motions with or without social-emotional components. Effect size signed differential mapping (ES-SDM) was adopted to synthesize the available fMRI data. Results ES-SDM analysis revealed hyperactivation in the right inferior frontal gyrus and left supplementary motor area in ASD during observation of biological motions. Subgroup analysis of experiments involving the observation of stimuli with or without emotional component revealed hyperactivation in the left inferior parietal lobule and left supplementary motor during action observation without emotional components, whereas hyperactivation of the right inferior frontal gyrus was found during action observation with emotional components in ASD. Subgroup analyses of age showed hyperactivation of the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus in ASD adolescents, while hyperactivation in the right inferior frontal gyrus was noted in ASD adults. Meta-regression within ASD individuals indicated that the right cerebellum crus I activation increased with age, while the left inferior temporal gyrus activation decreased with age. Limitations This meta-analysis is limited in its generalization of the findings to individuals with ASD by the restricted age range, heterogeneous study sample, and the large within-group variation in MNS activation patterns during object observation. Furthermore, we only included action observation studies which might limit the generalization of our results to the imitation deficits in ASD. In addition, the relatively small sample size for individual studies might also potentially overestimate the effect sizes. Conclusion The MNS is impaired in ASD. The abnormal activation patterns were found to be modulated by the nature of stimuli and age, which might explain the contradictory results from earlier studies on the “broken mirror neuron” debate.

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