scholarly journals Wage theories: past and present

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raisa Azieva ◽  
Leila Gishkaeva ◽  
Petimat Edieva
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Employee Motivation ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Wage Theory ◽  
National Economies

The authors study the essence and evolution of views on such an important economic category as wages, as well as the main modern directions of theories of wages. Salary, which is the price of labor, is considered the most important source income of the population, and its level is determined by the action of certain forces on the labor market, the interaction of demand and supply of labor. When a market economy is a commodity, labor, respectively, acquires properties corresponding to the product, such as, for example, the dependence of its price on correlation of supply and demand for certain professions and specialties, and, as a result, this price may be unstable. The first economist to implement a systematic interpretation of wage theory in the framework of a clear classification of income in a capitalist society, was A. Smith, although various theories were put forward before him in this field, but they had a comprehensive character. To date, there are various views, methods, tools studies in the framework of the theory of employment, presented by various directions and schools, the main ones are: neoclassical school, Keynesian school, monetary school, institutional and sociological school, the concept of a flexible market. The competitiveness of national economies in the global market is determined by greater part of the ability to innovate and perceive the latest technological achievements based on human, intellectual, social capital, that is, quality labor force and employee motivation. Raising wages and the quality of education, modernization based on new technologies, etc. considered as the main factors in the growth of productivity of human capital.

Managerial Economics – Family Medicine Care

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ecler Jaqua ◽  
Terry Jaqua ◽  
Van Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Family Medicine ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Pricing Strategy ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Business Opportunity ◽  
Is Research ◽  
The Us ◽  
Managerial Economics

Supply and demand are amongst the essential requirements before starting up a business. Understanding the quantity of a commodity wished to be sold by producers based on different prices and the item needed by consumers wish purchasing is essential in coming up with ideas. Based on the understanding of this and background research on costs in healthcare, specifically family medicine, it is found that healthcare is amongst the essential requirements, and thus the critical focus of the business idea in a physician’s practice focusing on family medicine care in the US. Starting up the business is based on healthcare demands in the market and further the pricing strategy utilized by most family medicine clinics. Through a connection to the business based on visits in hospitals and the quality offered by these service providers, it is noted that the demand is high and is the most expensive sector in the world, but care is ineffective (The Peterson Center on Healthcare, n.d.) thus leading to searching for effective alternatives by consumers. This creates a potential for offering the most effective services to cater to the demands, and as noted by the Peterson Center on Healthcare (n.d.), the US healthcare system is the most expensive, and costs are projected to grow dramatically in the coming years thus creating the most significant business opportunity to entrepreneurs. By adjusting the resources and trying to cater to the demand in various locations, the key idea is to cater to the need and profit from the sector. The concern of gaining information in the market is research on different healthcare websites and the prices offered and the quality of their services. This will aid in adjusting the prices effectively and thus retaining the demand and supply chain.

scholarly journals Pedagogical principles in the activity of state service for education quality of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 208-218
Author(s):  
Svitlana Tsyura ◽  
◽  
Taras Ilechko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Educational Institution ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Education Quality ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
State Service ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Pedagogical Principles

Based on the analysis of educational and regulatory documents, the main pedagogical principles of the State Service for Education Quality of Ukraine (SSEQU) are summarized: a) basic pedagogical principles of SSEQU’s activity, which are defined by the legislator as basic principles of state educational policy (people orientedness; primacy of the law; ensuring the quality of education and equal access to education; humanism; democracy; unity of teaching, upbringing and development, etc.); b) principles that determine the legal sphere of the SSEQU’s activity (institutional separation of control functions and functions ensuring the activities of educational institutions; transparency and publicity of management decisions; responsibility and accountability of education authorities and educational institutions to society; public administration; public partnership etc); c) pedagogical principles that guide and structurally organize SSEQU’s activities (universal design and reasonable adaptation; scientific nature of education; diversity of education; integrity and continuity of education; integration with the labor market; freedom of choosing the types, forms and pace of education, educational program, educational institution; academic integrity; academic freedom, etc. Empirical data analysis based on the educational process participants’ views on the factors, which comprise educational quality, revealed that the interviewees valued most the level of qualification, experience, knowledge and skills of their teachers, educational and methodological support, the use of new technologies and innovations in teaching for achieving quality education. Interaction and cooperation between education stakeholders was identified as important by teachers and students, and less important – by parents. Interviews with students - prospective educational experts revealed that they valued the sequence of communication skills, knowledge and skills of expert activity, experience and knowledge of pedagogical activities. Keywords: quality of education; SSEQ of Ukraine; state system of monitoring the quality of education; educational expert, audit of educational institutions.

scholarly journals QUALITY OF EDUCATION AS A CATALYST OF EFFICIENCY OF THE INNOVATION PROGRESS OF SOCIETY

2020 ◽  
pp. 54-66
Author(s):  
W. Gao
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Postdoctoral Training ◽  
National Education ◽  
Spheres Of Influence ◽  
National Education Systems

The economic and innovational development depend on the quality of human capital, which is determined by the quality of education. The quality of training of pupils and students depends not only on traditional factors (amounts of funding, composition of groups), but also on the qualification of teachers, the level of introduction of new technologies in the educational process. A significant role in increasing the competitiveness of national education systems is played by the English language, which is an imperative condition for innovative breakthroughs, scientific achievements, mastery of new technologies. There is a redistribution of spheres of influence in the field of secondary and higher education at the global level, where the countries of the East Asian region are at the forefront. Attention to postdoctoral training as a prerequisite for improving the efficiency of the innovation process is significantly increasing. The necessity of finding a balance in the teaching of humanities and natural sciences and engineering disciplines in order to reveal the innovative potential of societies in the conditions of rapid technological changes is substantiated.

scholarly journals Introduction of environmental innovations in the Republic of Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 159 ◽  
pp. 01005
Author(s):  
Aigerim Kazhmuratova ◽  
Sandigul Akhmetkaliyeva ◽  
Aigul Boltaeva ◽  
Aisulu Moldabekova
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Modern Concept ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Technological Impact ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Economies ◽  
Material Progress

This article discusses the widespread use by countries of environmental innovations and new technologies, which will soon bring serious economic and social changes to the life of all mankind. The need for radical changes in methods and means of environmental protection, which reduce the technological impact on the biosphere of the earth, and contributing to the preservation of human health, is shown. Under the conditions of technoglobalism, the development of environmental innovations brings serious economic and social changes to the life of all mankind, the transition of national economies to a system of qualitatively safe energy and environmental development. This is due to the fact that the planning and implementation of the material progress of society often does not take into account the ecological foundations of the coexistence of society and the environment. The modern concept of quality of life covers all aspects of the interaction between man and the environment, and ecology is becoming a priority for the development of innovative economies in developed countries. In this context, Kazakhstan intends to continue to work to stimulate and encourage innovation and investment in the environmentally friendly production of goods and services, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and apply climate-resilient technologies.

scholarly journals GLOBAL MARKET OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS: CURRENT STATE AND PERSPECTIVES OF DEVELOPMENT

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
K. Bezugla ◽  
N. Kostyuchenko
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Price Volatility ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Total Output ◽  
Petroleum Production ◽  
The World

The paper is devoted to the peculiarities and perspectives of the global petroleum market development. The peculiarities of supply and demand formation at the global market of petroleum products are investigated in the article. The balance of supply and demand at the petroleum market is determined. The paper outlines the peculiarities of pricing for petroleum products. The dynamics of price changes on the global petroleum market in the period of 2010-2020 is studied. The conclusion was made that there is a price volatility on the global petroleum market. An analysis of the dynamics and structure of the world petroleum production by regions revealed that the total output of oil has increased due to the development of new technologies and due to the increased efficiency of petroleum production. The performed forecasting made it possible to conclude that petroleum price is expected to increase in the coming two periods. That will allow to establish a balance between supply and demand at the petroleum products’ market. Accordingly, the equalization of supply and demand for petroleum products is forecasted (even despite the crisis in the world). The econometric method of economic analysis was applied in the paper. The authors constructed an additive model for time series data to predict the dynamics of prices on the global market of petroleum products. The model was designed based on 16 observations in the period of October 2016 – July 2020.

scholarly journals The role of modern information technologies in improving the quality of education

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-84
Author(s):  
G.S. Sansyzbaeva ◽  
K.T. Mukhamadi
Keyword(s):  
Information Society ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Learning Motivation ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Modern Information

The article considers the role and importance of new technologies, including information technologies, in increasing students' interest in learning, motivation, expanding their knowledge and improving the quality of their education in the modern information society.

scholarly journals B2C online ride-hailing pricing and service optimization under competitions

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
Qingfeng Meng ◽  
Wenjing Li ◽  
Zhen Li ◽  
Changzhi Wu
Keyword(s):  
Game Theory ◽  
Service Quality ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Good Service ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
Nash Game ◽  
Professional Drivers ◽  
Service Optimization

<p style='text-indent:20px;'>B2C online ride-hailing is to provide customers with anytime, anywhere and on-call ride services by professional vehicles and professional drivers. How to maintain good service quality and reasonable pricing under competition is of importance to a platform. In this paper, we will integrate pricing and service together to maximize the profit of a platform through Nash game theory. Specifically, we will establish the models for there scenarios: the demand market competition under decline of ride demand, the supply market competition under surge of ride demand, and the coexistence of demand and supply market competition for stable ride demand. Then, the Nash equilibriums are derived for the three models which are corresponding to minimize ride price, optimize quality of efforts and maximize profit. Our results uncover that the driver's incentive amount is conducive to the profit of both platform and the drivers for the case of demand market competition. The platforms and drivers achieve the highest profit under supply market competition, and the strategy through minimizing price and maximizing service can effectively adjust the balance between market supply and demand.</p>

scholarly journals Analytical Study of Teacher Educators’ Metaphors of Teaching

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sehrish Liaquat ◽  
Anjum Naz
Keyword(s):  
Analytical Study ◽  
Teacher Educators ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Survey Questionnaire ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
Postgraduate Level

Teaching metaphor is an important phenomenon which can be used to determine teachers’ perceptions regarding their job and their workplace (Turunen, 2003). This study was aimed to explore the metaphors of junior and senior teacher educators to get insights of what teaching was for them. A comparative analysis between the junior and senior teacher educators helped to understand how these metaphors changed over time. Data for the qualitative study were collected from the districts of Sargodha, Khushab and Mianwali situated in the province of Punjab, Pakistan. Fifty teacher educators teaching at postgraduate level participated in the study and filled in the survey questionnaire. The data were coded and analysed qualitatively. Six themes emerged from the data: religious obligations, economic activities, nature compatibility, life processes, emotional affiliations, and thought provoking activities.These themes were compatible with Chen’s (2013) classification of teachers’ personal metaphors. The implications of metaphors could be used to enhance critical thinking of teacher educators to improve the quality of education.

scholarly journals Artikel Pengelolaan Media Pembelajaran Sekolah Dasar

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-32
Author(s):  
Eny Munisah
Keyword(s):  
School Principal ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Instructional Media ◽  
Media Management ◽  
School Programs ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Learning

Management of learning media is a part of efforts to improve the quality of education. As for the indicators that must be considered in the management of learning media especially: planning instructional media, organizing media, learning media management, evaluating media of the school, it is expected that the preparation of media programs can run effectively with the learning programs that have been made so that it can contribute positively to learning. The learning media management process must go hand in hand with school programs, it is necessary to manage a management of learning media in elementary school that is responsible for administering all activities related to learning media management, understanding of media management is important for the officer in planning media programs, classification of media, the grouping of media based on the condition of each school or based on certain subjects so that the media can be used optimally in the classroom or in out door class. Supervision should be carried out programmatically by the school principal and personnel at the relevant agencies of the district and district level offices are expected to be input of increasing the development of learning media management n the next year.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document