scholarly journals The Rise of the Robotic Judge in Modern Court Proceedings

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.W.R. (Henriëtte) Nakad ◽  
H.J. (Jaap) van den Herik ◽  
A.W. (Ton) Jongbloed ◽  
Abdel-Badeeh M. Salem
Keyword(s):  
Court Proceedings

ASAS TERBUKA UNTUK UMUM DAN KEHADIRAN FISIK PARA PIHAK DALAM SIDANG DI PENGADILAN NEGERI PASCA PERATURAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 1 TAHUN 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 237-250
Author(s):  
Bernadette M Waluyo
Keyword(s):  
Supreme Court ◽  
Basic Principle ◽  
Civil Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
District Court ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Administration Of Justice ◽  
Law Courts ◽  
Court Proceedings

The Indonesian Supreme Court, in response to the information era, modernizes the civil procedural rules at the district court level.  This is done by issuing Supreme Court Regulation no. 1 of 2019 re. Administration of Justice at Civil Law Courts and Electronic-Court Proceedings. Undoubtedly, modernization of existing rules on the administration of justice is much needed.  On the other hand, these changes may violate a number of procedural civil law principles.  The author argues, from a civil procedural law perspective, that the above Supreme Court regulation violates the basic principle of transparency of court proceedings and physical attendance at court proceedings. 

The Africanisation Of South African Civil Procedure: The Way Forward

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fawzia Cassim ◽  
Nomulelo Queen Mabeka
Keyword(s):  
Common Law ◽  
Civil Procedure ◽  
African Culture ◽  
Legal Proceedings ◽  
Seventeenth Amendment ◽  
Procedural Law ◽  
Lower Courts ◽  
The Law ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
The Impact

Civil procedure enforces the rules and provisions of civil law.  The law of civil procedure involves the issuing, service and filing of documents to initiate court proceedings in the superior courts and lower courts. Indeed, notice of legal proceedings is given to every person to ensure compliance with the audi alteram partem maxim (“hear the other side”). There are various rules and legislation that regulate these court proceedings such as inter alia, the Superior Courts Act, 2013, Uniform Rules of Court, Constitution Seventeenth Amendment Act, 2012 and the Magistrates’ Courts Act of 1944. The rules of court are binding on a court by virtue of their nature.  The purpose of these rules is to facilitate inexpensive and efficient legislation. However, civil procedure does not only depend on statutory provisions and the rules of court.  Common law also plays a role. Superior Courts are said to exercise inherent jurisdiction in that its jurisdiction is derived from common law.  It is noteworthy that whilst our rules of court and statutes are largely based on the English law, Roman-Dutch law also has an impact on our procedural law. The question thus arises, how can our law of civil procedure transform to accommodate elements of Africanisation as we are part and parcel of the African continent/diaspora? In this regard, the article examines the origins of Western-based civil procedure, our formal court systems, the impact of the Constitution on traditional civil procedure, the use of dispute resolution mechanisms in Western legal systems and African culture, an overview of the Traditional Courts Bill of 2012 and the advent of the Traditional Courts Bill of 2017. The article also examines how the contentious Traditional Courts Bills of 2012 and 2017 will transform or complement the law of civil procedure and apply in practice once it is passed into law.

MERKINĖS SENIŪNO MATO OGINSKIO KASDIENYBĖ: ŪKINIŲ IR TEISMINIŲ REIKALŲ VERPETUOSE

2018 ◽  
pp. 98-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Stankevič
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Third Party ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Coffee Shop ◽  
State History ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
Grand Duchy Of Lithuania

The article analyses some episodes from biography and the daily life of elder of Merkinė, vogt and colonel of a petyhorcy unit of the armed forces of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Mateusz Ogiński (1738–1786). On the basis of the documents preserved in the Ogiński foundation of the Lithuanian State history archive (F. 1177), the article argues that Mateusz Ogiński was mainly occupied with the maintenance of his properties and litigation in courts, not actually seeking any political or public career. He personally issued directions to the stewards of his properties and controlled execution of his orders. Somewhere close to the First Partition of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth (1772) he was known for the detailed regulation of his economic activities. He put effort to concentrate in his hands some real estate (by buying plots and houses in Merkinė), invested and developed various businesses (renting a windmill and a pub, operating a coffee shop, building a sawmill and a brickyard, fishing, shipping timber to Konigsberg, renovating Merkinė’s town hall, etc.). Later M. Ogiński was often renting out his properties to other individuals, but that had a negative influence on his possessions. Lifestyle that disregarded the income made M. Ogiński drown in debt early, and he entered a loop of having to start borrowing to pay debts. Elder of Merkinė Ogiński would borrow and spend large sums of money to make purchases of various items of luxury abroad and in Lithuania (clothes, jewellery, alcohol, species, fruits, etc.), and to maintain his manor and even a folk music group. M. Ogiński litigated in many Lithuanian courts and, judging from his letters (and quite many of them survived), he would have inhabited these litigation processes, taking interest in legal nuances and using different opportunities to influence court processes to his advantage (making acquaintance with judges, looking for third party interceders, writing letters to judges, and personally participating in court proceedings). Most common lawsuits against him were about unpaid debts, yet his own claims were against stewards of his properties, and real estate rights. Keywords: eldership of Merkinė, the Ogiński, daily routine, economics, courts.

Rola uzasadnienia sądowego w realizacji prawa do rzetelnego procesu sądowoadministracyjnego– standard strasburski

2014 ◽  
pp. 13-31
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Grzelak-Bach
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Legal Reasoning ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Legal Order ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Judicial Proceedings ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
Basic Level

Following a brief introduction of article 6 of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, the author begins by analyzing case law from the European Court of Human Rights regarding the legal reasoning in judicial proceedings. The main premise of this paper is to present a formula for preparing legal reasoning in administrative court proceedings. The author draws attention to the role of judges who, in the process of adjudication, should apply creative interpretation of the rules of law, when they see errors or omissions in legislative provisions, or blatant violations of the European legal order. The conclusion of those deliberations finds, that the process of tailoring the approach to meet Strasbourg’s requirements should, on a basic level, be at the discretion of judges rather than the legislators.

Términos y Fórmulas Judiciales: Construcción de un Glosario Español - Francés. Elaboración y Proceso

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 183-193
Author(s):  
Laura Rodríguez Galán
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
Professional Challenges ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
Appeals Court

Resumen: el presente artículo muestra una visión sobre la complejidad de la traducción en el ámbito judicial con respecto al uso de glosarios terminológicos. En el marco de la Justicia es habitual que los traductores e intérpretes judiciales tengan que enfrentarse a toda clase de retos profesionales, por lo que han de estar lo suficientemente preparados, y los glosarios de terminología específica son un recurso de enorme utilidad que facilita la tarea traductora al servir de puente de comunicación entre los intermediarios de la Justicia y los ciudadanos que solicitan sus servicios (demandas, procesos judiciales, apelaciones, etc.), ya sea por vía escrita (traducción de documentos) u oral (interpretación de discursos). La principal hipótesis de la que partimos es la urgente necesidad de crear estos recursos específicos para los traductores e intérpretes que trabajan en el seno de la Justicia, y cuya carencia no hace sino incrementar las dificultades que, sin duda, estos profesionales poseen a la hora de realizar sus tareas de traducción, dada la escasa disponibilidad de tiempo para que puedan elaborar sus propios glosarios terminológicos de consulta. Con este estudio lo que se pretende es mostrar tanto las ventajas como las dificultades de la elaboración de glosarios. Por último, los resultados obtenidos confirman nuestra hipótesis de las ventajas que tiene el hecho de disponer de glosarios terminológicos específicos para el área jurídico-judicial que, sin lugar a dudas, facilitan las tareas de traducción en este ámbito de la Traducción e Interpretación en los Servicios Públicos.Abstract: the present paper shows a vision about the complexity of translation in judicial field concerning the use of terminological glossaries. In the context of Justice, it is common for judicial translators and interpreters to deal with all kinds of professional challenges. So, they must be sufficiently prepared. Glossaries of specific terminology are a resource very useful that facilitates translator’s task, by serving as a bridge of communication between intermediaries of Justice and citizens who request their services (appeals, court proceedings, lawsuits, etc.), either written (translation of documents) or oral (interpreting of speeches). The main starting hypothesis is the urgent need to create these specific resources for interpreters and translators working within the Justice, and whose lack only increases the difficulties that these professionals have, undoubtedly, when the time to perform their translation tasks, given the poor availability of time to produce their own terminological glossaries of consultation. With this study, to show advantages and difficulties of developing glossaries, that is the intention. Finally, results confirm our hypothesis of advantages to have available specific terminological glossaries in Legal-Judicial area which, undoubtedly, facilitate translation tasks in this context of Public Services Interpreting and Translation. 

scholarly journals Digitizing and Disclosing Personal Data: The Proliferation of State Criminal Records on the Internet

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-31
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Lageson ◽  
Elizabeth Webster ◽  
Juan R. Sandoval
Keyword(s):  
Personal Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Criminal Record ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Public Records ◽  
Internet Privacy ◽  
Court Proceedings ◽  
Public Disclosures

Digitization and the release of public records on the Internet have expanded the reach and uses of criminal record data in the United States. This study analyzes the types and volume of personally identifiable data released on the Internet via two hundred public governmental websites for law enforcement, criminal courts, corrections, and criminal record repositories in each state. We find that public disclosures often include information valuable to the personal data economy, including the full name, birthdate, home address, and physical characteristics of arrestees, detainees, and defendants. Using administrative data, we also estimate the volume of data disclosed online. Our findings highlight the mass dissemination of pre-conviction data: every year, over ten million arrests, 4.5 million mug shots, and 14.7 million criminal court proceedings are digitally released at no cost. Post-conviction, approximately 6.5 million current and former prisoners and 12.5 million people with a felony conviction have a record on the Internet. While justified through public records laws, such broad disclosures reveal an imbalance between the “transparency” of data releases that facilitate monitoring of state action and those that facilitate monitoring individual people. The results show how the criminal legal system increasingly distributes Internet privacy violations and community surveillance as part of contemporary punishment.

Diagnosing coronary thrombosis using multiphase post-mortem CT angiography (MPMCTA): A case study

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
Camatti Jessika ◽  
Santunione Anna Laura ◽  
Draisci Stefano ◽  
Gangi Bruno Giuliano ◽  
Bisceglia Marco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Coronary Thrombosis ◽  
Filling Defect ◽  
Forensic Radiology ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
Post Mortem ◽  
Reference Standard ◽  
Solid Foundation ◽  
Court Proceedings

While post-mortem angiography (PMA) is gradually establishing its role in Forensic Radiology, the available literature in Italy lacks a solid foundation, particularly regarding its use in criminal court proceedings. An illustrative example of multiphase post-mortem CT angiography (MPMCTA) is presented here to encourage the systematic implementation of PMA methods. To demonstrate concordance between MPMCTA and the reference standard (autopsy and histology) in a case of acute coronary thrombosis, we report a case where MPMCTA, autopsy, histological and toxicological analyses were performed on a previously healthy 51-year-old man. MPMCTA detected a right coronary artery filling defect that could be ascribed to coronary thrombosis, which was later confirmed by autopsy and histological examinations.

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