scholarly journals Exploitation of Diversity for Morphological Traits in Lilium tsingtauense under Different Habitats

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 178-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
KiByung LIM ◽  
Adnan YOUNIS ◽  
Jong TAEK PARK ◽  
Yoon JUNG HWANG
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Fundamental Information ◽  
Color Fading ◽  
Young Leaves

In this study naturally growing morphological variation of Lilium tsingtauense (Korean wheel lily), from southern Chung San Island to northern Mount Seorak, was investigated in 16 habitats around the country. Morphological analysis revealed that this species had its own unique characteristics in different habitats. Flowers with luster are in actinomorphic form, with shades of orange, each plant having an average of 2.4 flowers that blossom upward. The shape of flower petals was from oval to oblong. The width of the petals, which determines the shape of the flower, significantly varied among regions. Flower petals showed purple spots and its occurrence greatly varied among plants from almost none to 300 spots per flower. In addition, when the number of spots increased, the flower color was more vivid. Leaves were typically one-tiered verticillate and most of the leaves were long, oval and some were lanceolate. Young leaves showed definitive patterns that faded during growth. Starting from the verticillate leaves, stems below the leaves were smooth, although 81% of all stems, above the verticillate leaves, showed rough micro-protrusions. Bulb shapes were long and vertically elliptical. The ramentum was light yellow in color and the base was darker, with the color fading toward the upper region of the plant. The shape of the ramentum was long, with a pointy end, and its adhesiveness was weak. This study offers basic fundamental information for the effective exploitation and recognition of L. tsingtauense resources as a potential cut flower and potting plant in floral trade worldwide.

scholarly journals Transcriptome Sequencing and Biochemical Analysis of Perianths and Coronas Reveal Flower Color Formation in Narcissus pseudonarcissus

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 4006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Li ◽  
Dongqin Tang ◽  
Hui Du ◽  
Yimin Shi
Keyword(s):  
Flower Color ◽  
Carotenoid Biosynthesis ◽  
Carotenoid Content ◽  
Rna Seq ◽  
Color Formation ◽  
Light Yellow ◽  
Color Fading ◽  
Narcissus Pseudonarcissus ◽  
Bulbous Plant ◽  
Β Carotene

Narcissus pseudonarcissus is an important bulbous plant with white or yellow perianths and light yellow to orange-red coronas, but little is known regarding the biochemical and molecular basis related to flower color polymorphisms. To investigate the mechanism of color formation, RNA-Seq of flower of two widely cultured cultivars (‘Slim Whitman’ and ‘Pinza’) with different flower color was performed. A total of 84,463 unigenes were generated from the perianths and coronas. By parallel metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses, we provide an overview of carotenoid biosynthesis, degradation, and accumulation in N. pseudonarcissus. The results showed that the content of carotenoids in the corona was higher than that in the perianth in both cultivars. Accordingly, phytoene synthase (PSY) transcripts have a higher abundance in the coronas than that in perianths. While the expression levels of carotenoid biosynthetic genes, like GGPPS, PSY, and LCY-e, were not significantly different between two cultivars. In contrast, the carotenoid degradation gene NpCCD4 was highly expressed in white-perianth cultivars, but was hardly detected in yellow-perianth cultivars. Silencing of NpCCD4 resulted in a significant increase in carotenoid accumulation, especially in all-trans-β-carotene. Therefore, we presume that NpCCD4 is a crucial factor that causes the low carotenoid content and color fading phenomenon of ‘Slim Whitman’ by mediating carotenoid turnover. Our findings provide mass RNA-seq data and new insights into carotenoid metabolism in N. pseudonarcissus.

A High Propagative FA Interspecific Hybrids Lily ‘Lime Glow’ with Light Yellow Colored Tepals for Cut Flower

2015 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yun Im Kang ◽  
◽  
Hyang Young Joung ◽  
Dae Hoe Goo ◽  
Youn Jung Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interspecific Hybrids ◽  
Cut Flower ◽  
Light Yellow

Morphological variation in the genus Juliomys (Rodentia: Cricetidae: Sigmodontinae) and taxonomic status of Juliomys anoblepas (Winge 1887) from the Quaternary of Southeast Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4861 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-443
Author(s):  
CAROLINA PIRES ◽  
MARCELO WEKSLER ◽  
CIBELE R. BONVICINO
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Anterior Portion ◽  
Living Species ◽  
Qualitative Characters

The region of Lagoa Santa, Minas Gerais, Brazil, is one of the most important karstic areas of the Brazilian Quaternary due to the faunistic diversity of living and extinct forms. Among them, some taxa remain poorly studied, as is the case of Calomys anoblepas Winge 1887. Despite the recent allocation of the taxon within Juliomys, its description and morphological analysis are condensed, based on comparative few specimens and on few informative characters. In this study, we investigate characters proposed to distinguish species of Juliomys, and reevaluate the taxonomic status of the fossil Juliomys anoblepas. We analyzed 80 cranio-dental morphological characters in 233 specimens represented by the four species currently recognized: J. pictipes (Osgood 1933), J. rimofrons Oliveira & Bonvicino 2002, J. ossitenuis Costa, Pavan, Leite & Fagundes 2007, and J. ximenezi Christoff, Vieira, Oliveira, Gonçalves, Valiati & Tomasi 2016. We also performed principal component analysis on eight craniodental measurements available for the J. anoblepas hypodigm. The review of morphological systems and the evaluation of the characters used in the literature revealed that there are no diagnostic characters in the anterior portion of the skull and in the molar series of Juliomys, being difficult to differentiate the fossil from the other living species. Only six qualitative characters were variable and applicable to the hypodigm of J. anoblepas. Characters are polymorphic, invariable, or the fossil is not sufficiently complete to determinate its states. The taxon could not be morphometrically differentiated from J. pictipes and J. ossitenuis. Based on the results presented herein, we consider J. anoblepas as a nomen dubium and restrict its name to the taxon’s hypodigm. 

scholarly journals Assessment of relationships among and within Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae) species by using ISSR markers and morphological traits

Hacquetia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 105-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narjes Azizi ◽  
Masoud Sheidai ◽  
Valiollah Mozaffarian ◽  
Mitra Arman ◽  
Zahra Noormohammadi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Gene Diversity ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Issr Markers ◽  
Diagnostic Features ◽  
Analysis Of Molecular Variance ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Expected Heterozygosity

Abstract This study conducted to determine relationship among and within Iranian Helichrysum species (Asteraceae). In this study based on ISSR markers, the highest percentage of ISSR loci polymorphism (54.7%) occurred in H. armenium. The highest gene diversity over loci (1.224), Shannon’s Information Index (0.224%) and Expected Heterozygosity (0.142%) occurred in H. armenium (0.18) and the lowest of these parameters (0%) were observed in H. araxinum, H. graveolens, H. persicum and H. psychrophilum. The highest genetic similarity occurred between H. armenium and H. rubicundum (0.989), while the lowest was between H. polyphyllum and H. graveolens (0.213). The analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA), showed significant genetic variation among (24%) and within (76%) species. In morphological analysis traits such as indumentum, resting bud, achene length, achenial papillae, dimension of receptacle and form and apex of phyllaries were main diagnostic features. Results obtained from the morphological cluster were greatly consistent with the molecular data, to elucidating taxonomic relationships, as well as both attributed the higher diversity in H. armenium and H. rubicundum in comparison with other species and also indicated that H. persicum is a member of H. oocephalum species. Totally we confirmed the presence of 18 species in Iran.

scholarly journals Habitat, Sexual and Allometric Influences on Morphological Traits of Intertidal Crabs

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Vermeiren ◽  
C. Lennard ◽  
C. Trave
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Mangrove Crab ◽  
Habitat Factors ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
Claw Shape

Abstract Intertidal crabs display distinct morphological traits that allow differential interactions with biotic and abiotic features of the intertidal landscape, but are also influenced by allometry and sexual selection. This study aimed to explore the influence of sexual, allometric and habitat factors on morphological variation in the intertidal mangrove crab assemblage. A standardized photographic protocol was developed using readily available, low-cost technology to capture the morphology of carapaces and claws as sets of Cartesian landmarks. Digitization errors were 1 to 2 orders of magnitude smaller than the variation among individuals. In Tubuca seismella and Tubuca signata (superfamily Ocypodoidea), species that have traditionally been studied for sexual dimorphism, standardized major claw sizes were 2.8 and 3.7, respectively, times larger for males than females. Sexual dimorphism in claw size was also observed for Metopograpsus frontalis and Parasesarma longicristatum (superfamily Grapsoidea), with the largest claw in males being 15% and 33%, respectively, larger than in females. In contrast to size, claw shape did not relate to sex, except for T. seismella. Carapace shape, although variable among individuals and displaying asymmetry, was unrelated to sex. Claw and carapace shapes displayed high correlations, with values around 0.78. Carapace shapes grouped into taxonomic families and linked to habitat preferences, while claw shapes varied along a taxonomic gradient. These results complement studies on crab morphology that focus on specific factors or species, and stress the importance of multiple, interacting factors including sexual, allometric and habitat influences as drivers of morphological trait variability.

scholarly journals Morphological Assessment of Cultivated and Wild Amaranth Species Diversity

Agronomy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranjita Thapa ◽  
Matthew Blair
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Germplasm Conservation ◽  
Germplasm Collection ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Morphological Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Blade Shape

Amaranthus L. is genus of C4 dicotyledonous herbaceous plants comprising approximately 70 species, with three subgenera, which contains both cultivated and wild types, where cultivated ones are used for food grains, leafy vegetables, potential forages and ornamentals. Grain amaranth are pseudocereals from three species domesticated in North and South America and are notable for containing high amount of protein and minerals and balanced amino acid in their small seeds. Genetic diversity analysis of amaranths is important for development of core set of germplasm with widely diverse population and effective utilization of plant genetic resources. In this study, we evaluated a germplasm collection of 260 amaranth accessions from United State Department of Agriculture (USDA) and 33 accessions from Seed Savers’ Exchange (SSE). We evaluated morphological traits like blade pigmentation, blade shape, petiole pigmentation, branching index, flower color, stem color, inflorescence density, inflorescence shape, terminal inflorescence attitude, plant height and yield characteristics across all 293 accessions. We compared clustering within the USDA and SSE collection and across both collections. Data analysis of morphological data showed significant difference of petiole pigmentation, stem color, blade pigmentation, blade shape and flower color across different clusters of accessions of USDA unlike among different clusters of SSE where we found significant difference of only blade pigmentation, blade shape and flower color. The relationship depicted by neighbor-joining dendogram using the morphological markers was consistent with some but not all of the differences observed between species. Some divisions were found between cultivated and weedy amaranths that was substantiated by morphological characteristics but no separation of South and Central American species was observed. Substantial phenotypic plasticity limits the use of morphological analysis for phylogenetic analysis but does show that important morphological traits such as inflorescence type and plant architecture can cross species boundaries. Similarly, color variants for leaves, flowers and seeds are not exclusive to one cluster in our study nor to one species and can be used widely for breeding any of the cultigens, but not to species identification. Our findings will help in germplasm conservation of grain amaranths and facilitate in this crop’s improvement. It will also help on developing effective breeding programs involving different plant characteristics and morphological traits of Amaranths.

scholarly journals 150 Color Fading of Rose Petals Due to a Transient High Temperature Stress

HortScience ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 415D-415
Author(s):  
M. Oren-Shamir ◽  
Dela Gal
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Temperature Stress ◽  
Flower Color ◽  
High Temperature Stress ◽  
Anthocyanin Synthesis ◽  
Flower Buds ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Red Color ◽  
Color Fading

Changes in temperature during rose flower development, often cause a significant fading of flower color, decreasing its market value. We are studying the effect of transient high temperature stress on red roses (Rosa ×hybrida, `Jaguar'). We have found that a transient temperature stress of 39/18 °C day/night respectively for 3 days, in comparison to the growth temperature of 26/18 °C, caused a significant fading to flower color at a mature bud stage. The plant organ responsible for color fading is the flower bud only. When the stress was applied to the whole plant, not including the flower buds, there was no change on the mature bud color. We have also shown that there are specific flower developmental stages sensitive to the transient increase in temperature. Flower buds at the critical stage of development, that have been exposed to temperature increase have a faded pink-red color when matured. Total anthocyanin levels of faded flowers, due to temperature stress, decreased to ≈50%. In addition, the ratio between the two anthocyanidins composing the red color, cyanidin and pelargonidin, changed dramatically due to the temperature stress: flowers on plants that have not overcome a temperature stress had a ration of 1:1, while those that have faded due to the temperature stress have a ration of 2:1 of pelargonidin to cyanidin, respectively. These findings hint to specific stages of anthocyanin synthesis, that are hypersensitive to increased temperature. We are now in the process of identifying and characterizing these stages.

scholarly journals Variation and adaptation in limpograss (Hemarthria altissima)

1995 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
P.W. Woods ◽  
J.N. Couchman ◽  
H.A. Barlow
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Variation ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Pasture Management ◽  
Plant Survival ◽  
Hemarthria Altissima ◽  
Plant Morphological Traits ◽  
Cattle Systems ◽  
Future Work

Persistent and productive cultivars of limpograss (Hemarthriu altissima (Poir.) Stapf et C.E. Hubb.) are required if the species is to be useful in Northland cattle systems. A study was undertaken to investigate plant morphological traits, adaptation and persistence of 8 accessions. A series of abandoned research sites was revisited to determine long-term persistence and adaptation. Trials were established at 4 new sites throughout the northern North Island to assess morphological variation and plant survival. There was considerable variation in morphological traits assessed and plant survival, allowing scope for future selection. Bigalta used in earlier research trials had largely failed to persist under normal pasture management practices. Future work should use the cultivar Floralta. Keywords: adaptation, flowering, Hemarthria altissima, leaf, morphological variation, persistence, seed, stolon

scholarly journals Identification of the taxonomic status of Scinax nebulosus and Scinax constrictus (Scinaxinae, Anura) based on molecular markers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. M. B. Freitas ◽  
J. B. L. Sales ◽  
I. Sampaio ◽  
N. M. Piorski ◽  
L. N. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
Morphological Analysis ◽  
Taxonomic Status ◽  
Distinct Species ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Anuran Species ◽  
Cerrado Savanna ◽  
Statistical Support ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Abstract The validation of many anuran species is based on a strictly descriptive, morphological analysis of a small number of specimens with a limited geographic distribution. The Scinax Wagler, 1830 genus is a controversial group with many doubtful taxa and taxonomic uncertainties, due a high number of cryptic species. One example is the pair of species Scinax constrictus and Scinax nebulosus, which share a similar morphology. Scinax constrictus is restricted to the Brazilian Cerrado savanna, while S. nebulosus is widely distributed throughout northern South America. Despite the validation of many anuran species, discriminations based only on morphological traits is quite difficult due to the high conservative morphology of some groups. In this context, the present study uses mitochondrial and nuclear genes to provide a more consistent diagnosis and test the validity of S. constrictus as a distinct species from S. nebulosus, as well as evaluate the position of these taxa within the Scinax genus. The topologies obtained herein uphold the monophyletic status of Scinax based on all molecular markers assessed in this study, in all analytical approaches, with high levels of statistical support.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document