scholarly journals Foliar Micromorphology of Subtribe Ischaemineae, Tribe Andropogoneae, Family Poaceae

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 296-302 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rinku J. DESAI ◽  
Vinay M. RAOLE
Keyword(s):  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
Bulliform Cells ◽  
Subsidiary Cells ◽  
Epidermal Features ◽  
Micromorphological Characters

Leaf epidermal features are very important in grass systematics for characterization of broad groups, within subfamilies and tribes. Numerous species belonging to sub-tribe Ischaemineae, tribe Andropogoneae, family Poaceae are endemic to the Indian subcontinent, but their micromorphological reports were very scares. Therefore, foliar micromorphological characters of subtribe Ischaemineae have been studied in detail for 16 taxa of subtribe Ischaemineae from Gujarat, India. All the epidermal peels were prepared after following routine scraping method, representative areas were photographed and presented here. Structural diversity as well as metric values for both the epidermises has been recorded. In general, intercostals zones and costal zones are uniform in nature in terms of sinuous papillate long cells, cross-dumbbell-nodular shaped silica cells and triangular-low domed shaped subsidiary cells on stomata. From all the studied micromorphological characters, papillae and microhairs are found to be most useful character to segregate species and genera in subtribe Ischaemineae. Additionally, intercostal silica bodies, hooks, prickles and bulliform cells are also found to be helpful for the same. An artificial key based on observed variable micromorphological features has been also prepared.

scholarly journals Micromorphological and anatomical features of four species of Elytrigia Desv. (Poaceae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Meng ◽  
Peichun Mao
Keyword(s):  
Transverse Section ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Bulliform Cells ◽  
Plant Taxon ◽  
Anatomical Characters ◽  
Subsidiary Cells ◽  
Micromorphological Characters ◽  
Scanning Electron

The micromorphological and anatomical characters of Elytrigia caespitosa (K.Koch) Nevski , E. intermedia (Host) Nevski × E. elongata (Host) Nevski, E. intermedia(Host) Nevski and  E. repens (L.) Desv. ex Nevski have been studied using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) to determine interspecific variation. The results show that the root transverse section consists of epidermis, cortex and stele. Two rings of vascular bundles and a central pith cavity appear in stem morphology. The leaves of  E. caespitosa have either single or twin, horse shoe-shaped short cells born along the costal zone of the upper epidermis, which lack prickle hairs and contain spherical or oblique-shaped papillae. In  E. intermedia, the parallel subsidiary cells are distributed on the upper epidermis, and there are no short cells in the leaves. Dome-shaped subsidiary cells appear on the upper epidermis of  E. intermedia × E. elongata and E. repens, but E. intermedia × E. elongata showes spot-shaped papillae, and its bulliform cells sank into the “hinge cells”. E. repens has no papillae, and its bulliform cells are not sunken into the mesophyll. Therefore, the differences in micromorphological characters on the upper epidermis of the leaf could be useful in classifying and determining phylogenetic relationships among the species.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpt.v20i2.17388Bangladesh J. Plant Taxon.  20(2): 135-144, 2013

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Clay Polymer Nanocomposites of P(4VP-co-AAm) and Their Application for the Removal of Atrazine

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Ramírez-Gómez ◽  
Javier Illescas ◽  
María del Carmen Díaz-Nava ◽  
Claudia Muro-Urista ◽  
Sonia Martínez-Gallegos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
Nanocomposite Materials ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Numerous Species ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Synthesized Materials

Atrazine (ATZ) is an herbicide which is applied to the soil, and its mechanism of action involves the inhibition of photosynthesis. One of its main functions is to control the appearance of weeds in crops, primarily in corn, sorghum, sugar cane, and wheat; however, it is very toxic for numerous species, including humans. Therefore, this work deals with the adsorption of ATZ from aqueous solutions using nanocomposite materials, synthesized with two different types of organo-modified clays. Those were obtained by the free radical polymerization of 4-vinylpyridine (4VP) and acrylamide (AAm) in different stoichiometric ratios, using tetrabutylphosphonium persulfate (TBPPS) as a radical initiator and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (BIS) as cross-linking agent. The structural, morphological, and textural characteristics of clays, copolymers, and nanocomposites were determined through different analytical and instrumental techniques, i.e., X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Adsorption kinetics experiments of ATZ were determined with the modified and synthesized materials, and the effect of the ratio between 4VP and AAm moieties on the removal capacities of the obtained nanocomposites was evaluated. Finally, from these sets of experiments, it was demonstrated that the synthesized nanocomposites with higher molar fractions of 4VP obtained the highest removal percentages of ATZ.

scholarly journals Unravelling the Skin Secretion Peptides of the Gliding Leaf Frog, Agalychnis spurrelli (Hylidae)

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolina Proaño-Bolaños ◽  
Ailín Blasco-Zúñiga ◽  
José Rafael Almeida ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
Miguel Angel Llumiquinga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Biological Characterization ◽  
Skin Secretion ◽  
Peptide Profile ◽  
Active Chemical ◽  
Molecular Masses ◽  
Skin Secretions

Frog skin secretions contain medically-valuable molecules, which are useful for the discovery of new biopharmaceuticals. The peptide profile of the skin secretion of Agalychnis spurrelli has not been investigated; therefore, the structural and biological characterization of its compounds signify an inestimable opportunity to acquire new biologically-active chemical scaffolds. In this work, skin secretion from this amphibian was analysed by molecular cloning and tandem mass spectrometry. Although the extent of this work was not exhaustive, eleven skin secretion peptides belonging to five peptide families were identified. Among these, we report the occurrence of two phyllokinins, and one medusin-SP which were previously reported in other related species. In addition, eight novel peptides were identified, including four dermaseptins, DRS-SP2 to DRS-SP5, one phylloseptin-SP1, and three orphan peptides. Phylloseptin-SP1 and dermaseptins-SP2 were identified in HPLC fractions based on their molecular masses determined by MALDI-TOF MS. Among the antimicrobial peptides, dermaseptin-SP2 was the most potent, inhibiting Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and ORSA with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2.68 μM, and Candida albicans with an MIC of 10.71 μM, without haemolytic effects. The peptides described in this study represent but a superficial glance at the considerable structural diversity of bioactive peptides produced in the skin secretion of A. spurrelli.

Structural diversity of thiodiacetate compounds of group II metals: Synthesis and X-ray characterization of 2D coordination polymers of calcium and strontium

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1125-1128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdessamad Grirrane ◽  
Antonio Pastor ◽  
Eleuterio Álvarez ◽  
Raquel Moyano ◽  
Agustín Galindo
Keyword(s):  
Coordination Polymers ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Group Ii

Isolation and Molecular Characterization of Newcastle Disease Virus in Layers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smita Bordoloi ◽  
Anju Nayak ◽  
A.P. Singh ◽  
R.V. Singh ◽  
Kajal Jadav ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Newcastle Disease Virus ◽  
Disease Virus ◽  
Newcastle Disease ◽  
Virulent Strain ◽  
Indian Subcontinent ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
F Gene ◽  
Virulent Newcastle Disease Virus

Background: Newcastle disease (ND) in spite of the availability of vaccines remains a constant threat to poultry producers worldwide. It is prevalent in Indian subcontinent and leads to economic losses. The present study was aimed with isolate and identify virulent Newcastle disease virus (NDV) in layer poultry from field outbreaks.Methods: Total 47 samples consisting of nasal (05), oropharyngeal (13) and cloacal swabs (11) and tissue samples consisting of trachea (07), lungs (06), larynx (05) were collected from layer birds. For isolation of NDV swab and tissue samples were inoculated in 9-11 days old embryonated eggs via allantoic cavity route. After preparing the viral inoculum, 47 suspected samples (29 swab and 18 tissue samples) were inoculated in 141 embryonated eggs to isolate the virus.Result: Out of 47 samples 10 (21.27%) samples were positive for HA activity. All the 10 isolates showing HA activity subjected to Reverse-Transcriptase PCR of F gene and 6 were found positive in RT-PCR for F1 gene. The PCR amplified product showed amplicon at 356 bp and 254 bp positive for F1 and F2 gene, respectively. On basis of F gene, 06 (50%) isolates were considered as virulent Newcastle Disease Virus. One isolate sequence was submitted at NCBI with accession MT890653 On phylogenetic analysis MT890653 designated as Class II/ genotype II/ virulent strain and had the motif 112R-R-R-K-R-F117 at the cleavage site of the fusion protein.

scholarly journals BIOFACQUIM: A Mexican Compound Database of Natural Products

Biomolecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Pilón-Jiménez ◽  
Fernanda Saldívar-González ◽  
Bárbara Díaz-Eufracio ◽  
José Medina-Franco
Keyword(s):  
Natural Products ◽  
Drug Discovery ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Space ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Proof Of Concept ◽  
Molecular Fingerprints ◽  
The Public ◽  
Compound Database

Compound databases of natural products have a major impact on drug discovery projects and other areas of research. The number of databases in the public domain with compounds with natural origins is increasing. Several countries, Brazil, France, Panama and, recently, Vietnam, have initiatives in place to construct and maintain compound databases that are representative of their diversity. In this proof-of-concept study, we discuss the first version of BIOFACQUIM, a novel compound database with natural products isolated and characterized in Mexico. We discuss its construction, curation, and a complete chemoinformatic characterization of the content and coverage in chemical space. The profile of physicochemical properties, scaffold content, and diversity, as well as structural diversity based on molecular fingerprints is reported. BIOFACQUIM is available for free.

Crystallographic evidence for structural diversity in cationic (tripyrrinato)cobalt(II) complexes

2005 ◽  
Vol 09 (10) ◽  
pp. 683-690 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Bröring ◽  
Carsten D. Brandt ◽  
Silke Köhler ◽  
Maximilian Sieber
Keyword(s):  
Single Crystals ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Structural Diversity ◽  
Complete Characterization ◽  
Donor Ligands ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Weakly Coordinating ◽  
Weakly Coordinating Anion ◽  
Coordinate Structures

Cobalt(II) complexes of tripyrrin ligands can be transformed into cations by anion exchange using NaBAr F , a salt of a weakly coordinating anion. The complete characterization of these highly sensitive cations (probably solvate complexes) could not be achieved, but the coordination to donor ligands like nitriles or trialkylphosphanes stabilizes the cations sufficiently for the isolation of some single crystals. As the structural analyses of these donor-stabilized cobalt(II) tripyrrins reveal, either four- or five coordinate structures are formed depending on the type and size of ligand used.

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