scholarly journals Characterization of Thirty Cultivars of Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae) by Their Foliar Anatomical Traits

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 547-553
Author(s):  
Bhavna Girish SHARMA ◽  
Susy ALBERT ◽  
Haresh Kumar DHADUK
Keyword(s):  
Epidermal Cell ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Anatomical Variations ◽  
Spongy Tissue ◽  
Adaxial Side ◽  
Abaxial Side ◽  
Palisade Tissue ◽  
Exact Identification ◽  
Characteristic Features

Leaves of thirty cultivars of Mangifera indica L. were investigated to compare their anatomical variations and identify the characteristic features which are potential markers for the identification of the cultivars. Variations were noted in the thickness of cuticle, length of epidermal cells in the abaxial and adaxial surfaces, length of palisade and spongy tissue. The length of epidermal cell varied from 10 µm in ‘Goto’ to 25 µm in ‘Desi’ cultivars on adaxial side, while on the abaxial side it varied from 15.5 µm in ‘Alphonso’ to 6.9 µm in ‘Sopari’. The palisade tissue length was maximum in ‘Jahangir’ (111.36 µm), while it was lowest in ‘Fazli’ (24.13 µm). Spongy tissue length was the highest in ‘Jamadar’ (199.92 µm) and lowest in ‘Fazli’ (90.55 µm). Two layers of palisade tissue were seen in ‘Sindoria’, ‘Jhumakhiya 2’, ‘Aambadi’, ‘Neelam’,  ‘Rajapuri’, ‘Fazli’, ‘Jahangir’, ‘Kaju’, and ‘Aamir pasand’, while three layers were seen in ‘Alphonso’, ‘Jamadar’, ‘Ladvo’, ‘Sopari’ and ‘Dudhpendo’. Such parameters can be used for distinctly differentiating varieties among them and thus have an exact identification when morphological features are indistinguishable.

scholarly journals Characterization of Ethylene-mediated Curling of Japanese Radish (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus) Cotyledons

HortScience ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (11) ◽  
pp. 1896-1901
Author(s):  
Yusuke Kubo ◽  
Shinobu Satoh ◽  
Haruka Suzuki ◽  
Toshinori Kinoshita ◽  
Nobuyoshi Nakajima
Keyword(s):  
Cell Growth ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Cell Number ◽  
Differential Growth ◽  
Adaxial Side ◽  
Abaxial Side ◽  
Japanese Radish ◽  
Radish Sprouts ◽  
Exogenous Treatment

During the transport of vegetables, it is important to maintain quality. The cotyledons of Japanese radish (Raphanus sativus var. longipinnatus) sprouts curl during transport, lowering quality. It is known that ethylene causes the leaf curling of some true leaves by promoting cell growth on the adaxial side (epinasty); however, the mechanism of cotyledon curling is unknown. We investigated the effect of ethylene on cotyledon curling of Japanese radish sprouts. Curling was promoted by exogenous treatment with ethylene and repressed by treatment with 1-methylcyclopropene, an inhibitor of ethylene perception. Microscopic observation of ethylene-exposed curled cotyledons and normal cotyledons indicates that ethylene did not affect cell number but did inhibit transverse (lateral) cell growth on the abaxial side of the cotyledons, causing cotyledon curling through differential growth. Ethylene inhibition of cell growth on the abaxial side of leaves has not been reported before. We show a new mechanism responsible for curling.

scholarly journals Characterization of Two Ethephon-Induced IDA-Like Genes from Mango, and Elucidation of Their Involvement in Regulating Organ Abscission

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 439
Author(s):  
Avinash Chandra Rai ◽  
Eyal Halon ◽  
Hanita Zemach ◽  
Tali Zviran ◽  
Isaac Sisai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Ectopic Expression ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Floral Organ ◽  
Cytosolic Ph ◽  
Early Increase ◽  
Encoding Genes ◽  
Fruitlet Abscission

In mango (Mangifera indica L.), fruitlet abscission limits productivity. The INFLORESCENCE DEFICIENT IN ABSCISSION (IDA) peptide acts as a key component controlling abscission events in Arabidopsis. IDA-like peptides may assume similar roles in fruit trees. In this study, we isolated two mango IDA-like encoding-genes, MiIDA1 and MiIDA2. We used mango fruitlet-bearing explants and fruitlet-bearing trees, in which fruitlets abscission was induced using ethephon. We monitored the expression profiles of the two MiIDA-like genes in control and treated fruitlet abscission zones (AZs). In both systems, qRT-PCR showed that, within 24 h, both MiIDA-like genes were induced by ethephon, and that changes in their expression profiles were associated with upregulation of different ethylene signaling-related and cell-wall modifying genes. Furthermore, ectopic expression of both genes in Arabidopsis promoted floral-organ abscission, and was accompanied by an early increase in the cytosolic pH of floral AZ cells—a phenomenon known to be linked with abscission, and by activation of cell separation in vestigial AZs. Finally, overexpression of both genes in an Atida mutant restored its abscission ability. Our results suggest roles for MiIDA1 and MiIDA2 in affecting mango fruitlet abscission. Based on our results, we propose new possible modes of action for IDA-like proteins in regulating organ abscission.

Surface and Internalized Escherichia coli O157:H7 on Field-Grown Spinach and Lettuce Treated with Spray-Contaminated Irrigation Water

2010 ◽  
Vol 73 (6) ◽  
pp. 1023-1029 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARILYN C. ERICKSON ◽  
CATHY C. WEBB ◽  
JUAN CARLOS DIAZ-PEREZ ◽  
SHARAD C. PHATAK ◽  
JOHN J. SILVOY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Enrichment Culture ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Plate Count ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Adaxial Side ◽  
Abaxial Side ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Contaminated Irrigation Water

Numerous field studies have revealed that irrigation water can contaminate the surface of plants; however, the occurrence of pathogen internalization is unclear. This study was conducted to determine the sites of Escherichia coli O157:H7 contamination and its survival when the bacteria were applied through spray irrigation water to either field-grown spinach or lettuce. To differentiate internalized and surface populations, leaves were treated with a surface disinfectant wash before the tissue was ground for analysis of E. coli O157:H7 by direct plate count or enrichment culture. Irrigation water containing E. coli O157:H7 at 102, 104, or 106 CFU/ml was applied to spinach 48 and 69 days after transplantation of seedlings into fields. E. coli O157:H7 was initially detected after application on the surface of plants dosed at 104 CFU/ml (4 of 20 samples) and both on the surface (17 of 20 samples) and internally (5 of 20 samples) of plants dosed at 106 CFU/ml. Seven days postspraying, all spinach leaves tested negative for surface or internal contamination. In a subsequent study, irrigation water containing E. coli O157:H7 at 108 CFU/ml was sprayed onto either the abaxial (lower) or adaxial (upper) side of leaves of field-grown lettuce under sunny or shaded conditions. E. coli O157:H7 was detectable on the leaf surface 27 days postspraying, but survival was higher on leaves sprayed on the abaxial side than on leaves sprayed on the adaxial side. Internalization of E. coli O157:H7 into lettuce leaves also occurred with greater persistence in leaves sprayed on the abaxial side (up to 14 days) than in leaves sprayed on the adaxial side (2 days).

Aerodynamic Characterization of Transonic Turbine Vanes Optimized to Attenuate Rotor Forcing

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Puente ◽  
G. Paniagua ◽  
T. Verstraete
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Prediction Method ◽  
Optimization Procedure ◽  
3D Design ◽  
Turbine Vanes ◽  
Turbine Vane ◽  
Loss Prediction ◽  
Transonic Turbine ◽  
Characteristic Features

A multi-objective optimization procedure is applied to the 3D design of a transonic turbine vane row, considering efficiency and stator outlet pressure distortion, which is directly related to induced rotor forcing. The characteristic features that define different individuals along the Pareto Front are described, analyzing the differences between high efficiency airfoils and low interaction. Pressure distortion is assessed by means of a model that requires only of the computation the steady flow field in the domain of the stator. The reduction of aerodynamic rotor forcing is checked via unsteady multistage aerodynamic computations. A well known loss prediction method is used to drive the efficiency of one optimization run, while CFD analysis is used for another, in order to assess the reliability of both methods. In both cases, the decomposition of total losses is performed to quantify the influence on efficiency of reducing rotor forcing. Results show that when striving for efficiency, the rotor is affected by few, but intense shocks. On the other hand, when the objective is the minimization of distortion, multiple shocks will appear.

scholarly journals Biochemical and Functional Characterization of Anthocyanidin Reductase (ANR) from Mangifera indica L.

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (11) ◽  
pp. 2876 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Tan ◽  
Mei Wang ◽  
Youfa Kang ◽  
Farrukh Azeem ◽  
Zhaoxi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Assay ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Anthocyanidin Reductase ◽  
High Amino Acid ◽  
Optimum Ph

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is abundant in proanthocyanidins (PAs) that are important for human health and plant response to abiotic stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms involved in PA biosynthesis still need to be elucidated. Anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) catalyzes a key step in PA biosynthesis. In this study, three ANR cDNAs (MiANR1-1,1-2,1-3) were isolated from mango, and expressed in Escherichia coli. In vitro enzyme assay showed MiANR proteins convert cyanidin to their corresponding flavan-3-ols, such as (−)-catechin and (−)-epicatechin. Despite high amino acid similarity, the recombinant ANR proteins exhibited differences in enzyme kinetics and cosubstrate preference. MiANR1-2 and MiANR1-3 have the same optimum pH of 4.0 in citrate buffer, while the optimum pH for MiANR1-1 is pH 3.0 in phosphate buffer. MiANR1-1 does not use either NADPH or NADH as co-substrate while MiANR1-2/1-3 use only NADPH as co-substrate. MiANR1-2 has the highest Km and Vmax for cyanidin, followed by MiANR1-3 and MiANR1-1. The overexpression of MiANRs in ban mutant reconstructed the biosynthetic pathway of PAs in the seed coat. These data demonstrate MiANRs can form the ANR pathway, leading to the formation of two types of isomeric flavan-3-ols and PAs in mango.

Purification and characterization of two isoforms of native α amylase from Ok-Rong mango (Mangifera indica Linn. cv. Ok-Rong)

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raksmont Ubonbal ◽  
Saijai Porsoongnoen ◽  
Jureerut Daduang ◽  
Sompong Klaynongsruang ◽  
Sakda Daduang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Fruit Ripening ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Ripening Stage ◽  
Purification And Characterization ◽  
Tropical Plant ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Structure Properties

AbstractIntroduction:The tropical plant amylases involved in the fruit ripening stage is outstanding for their high activities in converting starch to sugars within a short period at high temperatures over 40°C.Methods:The α amylase iso-enzymes from Ok-Rong mango (Results:The enzyme was purified 105-fold with a final specific activity of 59.27 U mgConclusion:Two α amylase iso-enzymes were classified as members of the low-pI group of amylases with identical structure, properties and functions. They are mesophilic with high possibilities for application for many purposes.

Lack of Internalization of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) after Leaf Surface and Soil Inoculation

2009 ◽  
Vol 72 (10) ◽  
pp. 2028-2037 ◽  
Author(s):  
GUODONG ZHANG ◽  
LI MA ◽  
LARRY R. BEUCHAT ◽  
MARILYN C. ERICKSON ◽  
VANESSA H. PHELAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Adaxial Side ◽  
Abaxial Side ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Lactuca Sativa L ◽  
Leaf Surfaces ◽  
Leaves And Roots ◽  
Leaf Lettuce

Survival and internalization characteristics of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in iceberg, romaine, and leaf lettuce after inoculation of leaf surfaces and soil were determined. A five-strain mixture of E. coli O157:H7 in water and cow manure extract was used as an inoculum for abaxial and adaxial sides of leaves at populations of 6 to 7 log and 4 log CFU per plant. The five strains were individually inoculated into soil at populations of 3 and 6 log CFU/g. Soil, leaves, and roots were analyzed for the presence and population of E. coli O157:H7. Ten (4.7%) of 212 samples of leaves inoculated on the adaxial side were positive for E. coli O157:H7, whereas 38 (17.9%) of 212 samples inoculated on the abaxial side were positive. E. coli O157:H7 survived for at least 25 days on leaf surfaces, with survival greater on the abaxial side of the leaves than on the adaxial side. All 212 rhizosphere samples and 424 surface-sanitized leaf and root samples from plants with inoculated leaves were negative for E. coli O157:H7, regardless of plant age at the time of inoculation or the location on the leaf receiving the inoculum. The pathogen survived in soil for at least 60 days. Five hundred ninety-eight (99.7%) of 600 surface-sanitized leaf and root samples from plants grown in inoculated soil were negative for E. coli O157:H7. Internalization of E. coli O157:H7 in lettuce leaves and roots did not occur, regardless of the type of lettuce, age of plants, or strain of E. coli O157:H7.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Recombinant UDP:flavonoid 3-O-galactosyltransferase from Mangifera indica ‘Irwin’ (MiUFGalT3) involved in Skin Coloring

2020 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 516-524
Author(s):  
Ayako Katayama-Ikegami ◽  
Zion Byun ◽  
Suzuka Okada ◽  
Masahiro Miyashita ◽  
Takane Katayama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mangifera Indica

scholarly journals Genetic and Morphological Characterization of Mangifera indica L. Growing in Egypt

HortScience ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (9) ◽  
pp. 1266-1270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nader R. Abdelsalam ◽  
Hayssam M. Ali ◽  
Mohamed Z.M. Salem ◽  
Elsayed G. Ibrahem ◽  
Mohamed S. Elshikh
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Morphological Characterization ◽  
Molecular Techniques ◽  
Germplasm Management ◽  
Fruit Crops ◽  
The Family ◽  
High Diversity

Mango (Mangifera indica L.) is a fruit crops belong to the family Anacardiaceae and is the oldest cultivated tree worldwide. Cultivars maintained in Egypt have not been investigated previously. Mango was first brought to Egypt from South Asia. Morphological and molecular techniques were used to identify the genetic diversity within 28 mango cultivars. SSR and EST-SSR were used for optimizing germplasm management of mango cultivars. Significant variations were observed in morphological characteristics and genetic polymorphism, as they ranged from 0.71% to 100%. High diversity was confirmed as a pattern of morphological and genotypes data. Data from the present study may be used to calculate the mango relationship and diversity currently grown in Egypt.

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