scholarly journals Phenolic Profiles, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Properties of Both Micropropagated and Naturally Growing Plantlets of Calamintha sylvatica subsp. sylvatica Bromf.

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1145-1152
Author(s):  
Mustafa CÜCE ◽  
Tuba BEKİRCAN ◽  
Abdul Hafeez LAGHARI ◽  
Münevver SÖKMEN ◽  
Atalay SÖKMEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Digital Object ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Phenolic Profiles ◽  
Hexane Extracts

A rapid micropropagation protocol was designed to produce Calamintha sylvatica plantlets by using nodal segments as explants for the shoot formation. 6-BA favored the highest shoot formation and biomass yield, whilst kinetin was found superior for the highest shoot length (38.97 ± 2.85 mm) and node numbers (2.89 ± 0.63). Rosmarinic acid was detected as major phenolic acid, ranging from 7.59 mg/100 g to 81.44 mg/100 g. Hexane extracts from natural and in vitro propagated plantlets showed activity only against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 with MIC values at 6.25 and 3.33 m/mL, respectively while in the latter case, extracts from natural plantlets exerted higher cytotoxic activity than those of micropropagated ones (IC50 values were 83 µg/mL and 98 µg/mL on HeLa cells, respectively). C. sylvatica showed high micropropagation performance and produced remarkable amount of rosmarinic acid in vitro as well as antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

scholarly journals Derivatization of Rosmarinic Acid Enhances its in vitro Antitumor, Antimicrobial and Antiprotozoal Properties

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 1078 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Bittner Fialová ◽  
Martin Kello ◽  
Matúš Čoma ◽  
Lívia Slobodníková ◽  
Eva Drobná ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Phosphonium Salts ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Quaternary Phosphonium Salts

On its own, rosmarinic acid possesses multiple biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective and antitumor properties, and these are the consequence of its ROS scavenging and inhibitory effect on inflammation. In this study, two quaternary phosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid were prepared for the purpose of increasing its penetration into biological systems with the aim of improving its antimicrobial, antifungal, antiprotozoal and antitumor activity. The synthetized molecules, the triphenylphosphonium and tricyclohexylphosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid, exhibited significantly stronger inhibitory effects on the growth of HCT116 cells with IC50 values of 7.28 or 8.13 μM in comparison to the initial substance, rosmarinic acid (>300 μM). For the synthesized derivatives, we detected a greater than three-fold increase of activity against Acanthamoeba quina, and a greater than eight-fold increase of activity against A. lugdunensis in comparison to rosmarinic acid. Furthermore, we recorded significantly higher antimicrobial activity of the synthetized derivatives when compared to rosmarinic acid itself. Both synthetized quaternary phosphonium salts of rosmarinic acid appear to be promising antitumor and antimicrobial agents, as well as impressive molecules for further research.

scholarly journals MICROPROPAGATION STUDIES AND ANTIOXIDANT ANALYSIS OF THE ENDANGERED PLANTS OF BULGARIAN YELLOW GENTIAN (Gentiana lutea L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 71-78
Author(s):  
Maria I. Petrova ◽  
Ely G. Zayova ◽  
Lyudmila I. Dimitrova ◽  
Maria P. Geneva ◽  
Kamelia D. Miladinova-Georgieva
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽  
Nutrient Media ◽  
Shoot Height ◽  
Gentiana Lutea ◽  
Antioxidant Metabolites ◽  
Rare And Endangered

In order to develop an efficient micropropagation system, it is essential to establish the appropriate concentration of growth regulators for seed germination, shoot formation and rooting. Nodal segments from in vitro obtained seedlings of Gentiana lutea L. were cultured in vitro in Murashige and Skoog’s medium supplemented with BAP, Thidiazuron and Zeatin (0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 mg L−1). A maximum number of shoots with the highest height was recorded at 2.0 mg L−1 BAP. For further optimization of the process, we used nutrient media containing BAP and Zeatin with a combination of low concentration of Indoleacetic acid. MS medium containing 2.0 mg L−1 Zeatin and 0.2 mg L−1 IAA resulted in maximum numbers of shoots 94.3) with shoot height 2.5 cm. The multiple plants were successfully ex vitro acclimatized with 65% survival. The presence of growth regulators (2.0 mg L−1 Zeatin and 0.2 mg L−1 IAA) in the nutrient media resulted in an effective antioxidant activity in G. Lutea determined by the low molecular antioxidant metabolites such as phenols and flavonoids and activities of antioxidant enzymes – catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, guaiacol peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase. The described protocol allows the establishment of numerous micropropaged plants of rare and endangered G. lutea.

scholarly journals Effect of Irrigation and Fertilization Levels on Mineral Composition of Cannabis sativa L. Leaves

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 1073-1080 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleni WOGIATZI ◽  
Nikolaos GOUGOULIAS ◽  
Kyriakos D. GIANNOULIS ◽  
Christina-Anna KAMVOUKOU
Keyword(s):  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
N Fertilization ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Digital Object ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
Dry Biomass ◽  
Nutrients Concentration

A field experiment was conducted in central Greece to study the effect of two irrigation (I1: 100% ETo, I2: 60% ETo) and N-fertilization levels (N1: 244, N2: 184 kg ha-1), on the nutrients concentration of Cannabis sativa leaves (cv. ‘Fibranova’). The  N, K, Ca, Mg, P -concentration in the leaves was ranged by 2.8 to 3.51%, 1.8 to 2.57%, 1.96 to 2.17%, 0.86 to 0.88%, and 0.3 to 0.37% respectively, while by the micronutrients the iron showed the highest concentration that ranged by 129 to 139.8 mg kg-1dw. The treatment I1F1, where the highest level of irrigation and N -fertilization was applied, compared to the other treatments, showed the highest dry biomass yield, however, in the leaves the highest concentrations of N, K, Mn and Cu were not observed. Moreover, it was found that the N, K, Ca, Mg, P and Fe removal only by one ton dry biomass of leaves was ranged by 28 to 35.12 kg, 18.01 to 25.65 kg, 19.6 to 21.7 kg, 8.34 to 8.75 kg, 3.01 to 3.70 kg and 0.129 to 0.140 kg, respectively. These results could contribute optimal fertilizer application and therefore to the reduction of production costs of the crop.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 4, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

scholarly journals COMBINATION OF NAA AND TDZ FOR In Vitro MULTIPLICATION OF Eugenia involucrata DC

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Pascoal Golle ◽  
Lia Rejane Silveira Reiniger ◽  
Charlene Moro Stefanel ◽  
Marlove Fátima Brião Muniz ◽  
Karol Buuron da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Ornamental Plant ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
In Vitro Multiplication ◽  
Forest Tree Species

ABSTRACT Eugenia involucrata DC. (Myrtaceae), an economically important forest tree species, is prized for its timber and fruits, and is also an important ornamental plant. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Thidiazuron (TDZ) and α-Naphthaleneacetic acetic acid (NAA) on in vitro multiplication of nodal segments of E. involucrata. We tested the effect of the absence and presence of NAA (0.5 µM), combined with TDZ at concentrations of 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, or 32 µM, on the in vitro multiplication of E. involucrata. The use of TDZ combined with NAA (0.5 µM) favored the formation of shoots and buds in the explants, especially at 32 µM TDZ concentration. Intermediate concentrations of TDZ also promoted shoot formation but induced hyperhydricity in the explants. It is possible to induce organogenesis leading to the multiplication of E. involucrata nodal segments using TDZ, preferably combined with NAA.

scholarly journals Thyroid Peroxidase Activity is Inhibited by Phenolic Compounds—Impact of Interaction

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (15) ◽  
pp. 2766
Author(s):  
Ewa Habza-Kowalska ◽  
Agnieszka A. Kaczor ◽  
Justyna Żuk ◽  
Dariusz Matosiuk ◽  
Urszula Gawlik-Dziki
Keyword(s):  
Chlorogenic Acid ◽  
Rosmarinic Acid ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Combination Index ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Rutin And Quercetin

The aim of this study was to estimate the mode of thyroid peroxidase (TPO) inhibition by polyphenols: Chlorogenic acid, rosmarinic acid, quercetin, and rutin. All the tested polyphenols inhibited TPO; the IC50 values ranged from 0.004 mM to 1.44 mM (for rosmarinic acid and rutin, respectively). All these pure phytochemical substances exhibited different modes of TPO inhibition. Rutin and rosmarinic acid showed competitive, quercetin—uncompetitive and chlorogenic acid—noncompetitive inhibition effect on TPO. Homology modeling was used to gain insight into the 3D structure of TPO and molecular docking was applied to study the interactions of the inhibitors with their target at the molecular level. Moreover, the type and strength of mutual interactions between the inhibitors (expressed as the combination index, CI) were analyzed. Slight synergism, antagonism, and moderate antagonism were found in the case of the combined addition of the pure polyphenols. Rutin and quercetin as well as rutin and rosmarinic acid acted additively (CI = 0.096 and 1.06, respectively), while rutin and chlorogenic acid demonstrated slight synergism (CI = 0.88) and rosmarinic acid with quercetin and rosmarinic acid with chlorogenic acid showed moderate antagonism (CI = 1.45 and 1.25, respectively). The mixture of chlorogenic acid and quercetin demonstrated antagonism (CI = 1.79). All the polyphenols showed in vitro antiradical ability against 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid), ABTS. The highest ability (expressed as IC50) was exhibited by rosmarinic acid (0.12 mM) and the lowest value was ascribed to quercetin (0.45 mM).

scholarly journals ARTIFICIAL SEED PRODUCTION IN POINTED GOURD (TRICHOSANTHES DIOICA ROXB.)

2008 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-20
Author(s):  
M. A. Malek ◽  
M. O. Islam ◽  
M. A. Bari Miah
Keyword(s):  
Basal Medium ◽  
Shoot Proliferation ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Plantlet Formation ◽  
Artificial Seed ◽  
Pointed Gourd ◽  
Subsequent Regeneration

Encapsulation of nodal segments was successfully developed for pointed gourd towards the formation of artificial seed with sodium alginate. Encapsulated nodal segments (artificial seed) were cultured in MS basal medium containing different concentrations and combinations of BAP and NAA to induce germination and shoot proliferation. Highest (95%) shoot formation was obtained in MS + 1.0 mg/l BAP followed by MS + 0.5 mg/l BAP. The encapsulated nodal segments also regenerated in vitro on different substrates. Frequency of plantlet formation was low on these substrates compared to plantlet development on MS media. Among these substrates, the percentage of plantlet formation was better on moist cotton (42%) followed by filter paper (35%). The hardened plants were transferred successfully to soil in the earthen pots. The protocol for encapsulating the nodal segments for the production of artificial seeds and their subsequent regeneration is a new area of research to develop in vitro conservation strategies for pointed gourd.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpbg.v21i1.17044

scholarly journals Establishment of in vitro regeneration protocol for Adhatoda vasica Nees

2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Khan ◽  
S Akter ◽  
A Habib ◽  
TA Banu ◽  
M Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Multiple Shoots ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Adhatoda Vasica

An in vitro regeneration protocol of Adhatoda vasica has been developed using excised nodal segments and juvenile leaves for multiple shoots regeneration directly or through callus induction. Explants were cultured on MS medium with different concentrations of IAA, NAA, BAP, GA3 and Kn singly or in combinations. MS medium supplemented with BAP (10.0 mg/l) was found best for multiple shoot formation, in which 93.33% explants produced multiple shoots. After two months, maximum number of multiple shoots were 10.6 ± 1.82, highest length of plantlets was 5.2 ± 2.20 cm. 100% calli formation were observed on MS medium supplemented with IAA (0.05 mg/l) + NAA (0.05 mg/l) + BAP (1.0 mg/l). Callus initiation started after 14 days and gave light green colored callus. Best callus mediated shoot regeneration was found on MS+10.0 mg/l BAP medium. Root induction of in vitro raised shoots was best on ½ MS + IBA (1.0 mg/l). Well rooted plantlets were transferred to plastic pots containing garden soil and compost in a ratio of 2:1 for hardening. The ultimate survival rate under natural condition was about 80%.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(1), 75-80, 2016

scholarly journals Multiple shoot formation in Hypericum perforatum L.and hypericin production

2003 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliane Romanato Santarém ◽  
Leandro Vieira Astarita
Keyword(s):  
Hypericum Perforatum ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Proliferation Medium ◽  
Shoot Production ◽  
Leaf Differentiation ◽  
Adult Plants

Hypericum perforatum is a traditional medicinal plant with wound healing and antidepressive properties. Among the secondary compounds of interest is hypericin, a naphtodianthrone that seems to participate in the medicinal effects of this species. The aim of this work was to obtain an efficient micropropagation system of H. perforatum and to compare the hypericin content between in vitro and field-grown plants. Cultures were initiated from nodal segments of mature plants inoculated onto MS medium supplemented with 4.5 muM BA, kinetin, thidiazuron, individually or in combination with 0.05 muM NAA. Organogenic explants were observed on medium with either BA or kinetin alone or in combination of these with NAA. Subculture of organogenic explants onto the proliferation medium containing 4.5 muM BA promoted the organogenic response. The highest average of shoot production (52.6 shoots) was obtained on those explants induced in the presence of BA and NAA. Rooted plantlets were successfully acclimated. Analysis of hypericin contents showed that levels found in callus represented only 0.11 % of what was detected in adult plants, while shoots and leaves from in vitro plants showed similar hypericin levels to those found in the leaves of the field-grown plants, suggesting that the accumulation of this compound is related to leaf differentiation.

scholarly journals In Vitro Propagation of Pumpkin and Ash Gourd through Nodal Segments

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 67-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
ME Haque ◽  
MAR Sarkar ◽  
MA Mahmud ◽  
D Rezwana ◽  
B Sikdar
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Shoot Formation ◽  
Multiple Shoot ◽  
Nodal Segments ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Bud ◽  
Benincasa Hispida ◽  
Ash Gourd

The present study was undertaken with a view to develop an efficient protocol for in vitro multiple shoot formation and subsequent root induction considering various cultural aspects using nodal segments of Cucurbita maxima and Benincasa hispida. The best hormone for shoot multiplication of pumpkin was BAP (2 mg/l), incase of ash-gourd BAP was 1.5 mg/l. For callus induction BAP+2,4-D was best combination for pumpkin and it was 2.0+0.1 mg/l when in ash gourd BAP+NAA was the best combination. IBA + ½MS medium were used for induction of shoot bud root. In both of pumpkin and ash gourd 1.5 mg/l IBA was found best for induction of roots. Key words: In vitro, MS medium, nodal segments, multiplication, rooting, pumpkin and ash gourd.   DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3743 J. bio-sci. 16: 67-71, 2008

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