scholarly journals The Influence of Weather Conditions During Vegetation Period on Yielding of Twelve Determinate Tomato Cultivars

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta JEDRSZCZYK ◽  
Barbara SKOWERA ◽  
Joanna KOPCINSKA ◽  
Anna M. AMBROSZCZYK
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Tomato Yield ◽  
Third Stage ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

Tomato yield and biomass growth are closely linked to climatic conditions during vegetation period. Low temperatures and high precipitation in summer constitute the main cause of the large variability of field tomato yielding contributing to worsen the quality of the yield. The aim of the investigation was determining the influence of meteorological basic components in the growing season of the tomato to total and marketable yield of twelve determinate cultivars. Experiment took place in the open field in the Vegetable Experimental Station of Agricultural University of Mydlniki near Cracow in the years 2008 - 2010. A different sensitivity of examined tomato cultivars to the course of weather conditions was stated. ‘Ondraszek’ cultivar get the highest marketable yield in all years of investigation what indicate the most adaptation to variable weather conditions and cultivars ‘Hetman’, ‘Hubal’ and ‘Babinicz’ were the least adaptated and they gave the lowest yield. Analysis of the influence of weather condition on total and marketable yield of twelve determine tomato cultivars showed, that the sum and distribution of precipitation were decisive. High precipitations decreased total and marketable yield, whereas frequent and lower precipitations influenced favorable. Since from the third stage, i.e., the beginning of fruits setting to the beginning of ripening, a larger impact of meteorological factors on marketable than total yield had been observed. In the fruits ripening stage a marketable yield depended only on sum of temperatures.

scholarly journals Effect of synthetic mulches on melon (Cucumis melo L.) yielding

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-156
Author(s):  
Edyta Kosterna ◽  
Anna Zaniewicz-Bajkowska ◽  
Jolanta Franczuk ◽  
Robert Rosa ◽  
Krystyna Chromińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cucumis Melo ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Synthetic Materials ◽  
Polypropylene Fabric ◽  
Marketable Fruit

Effect of synthetic mulches on melon (Cucumis meloL.) yieldingA field experiment was carried out in 2006-2008. The study examined the effect of soil mulching with synthetic materials (black polyethylene film, black polypropylene nonwoven 50 g m-2, and black polypropylene fabric 94 g m-2) on the fruit yield and quality of two melon cultivars (‘Seledyn’ and ‘Yupi’) grown in the field under the climatic conditions of central-eastern Poland. Specimens grown without mulching served as the control. The climatic conditions during the study years had a significant influence on the level of total, marketable and early yield of melon. The highest melon yield was obtained in 2007, which was characterised by the most favourable weather conditions for melon cultivation. The comparison of the cultivars showed that ‘Seledyn’ was better adapted to the climatic conditions of Poland. From cultivation, this cultivar achieved significantly higher early and total fruit yield compared with ‘Yupi’. ‘Seledyn’ was also characterised by a higher share of early yield of the total yield, a higher number of fruit in the early yield and a higher mean fruit weight. In turn, ‘Yupi’ produced a significantly higher share of marketable yield of the total yield and a higher number of marketable fruit.

scholarly journals Evaluation of an Irrigation Scheduling Model for Drip-irrigated Potato in Southeastern United States

HortScience ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Simonne ◽  
Nadia Ouakrim ◽  
Arnold Caylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Southeastern United States ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Irrigation Scheduling ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Planting Dates

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is often produced as a nonirrigated crop in the southeastern United States. This practice makes tuber yields dependent on rainfall pattern and amount. An irrigation scheduling method based on a water balance and daily class A pan evaporation (Ep) was evaluated during 1996 and 1998 on a Hartsells fine sandy loam soil for `Red LaSoda' potatoes. Planting dates were 9 and 7 Apr. in 1996 and 1998, respectively, and standard production practices were followed each year. The model tested was (13 DAH + 191) * 0.5 ASW = D DAH-1 + [Ep * (0.12 + 0.023 DAH - 0.00019 DAH2) - RDAH - IDAH], where DAH was days after hilling, ASW was available soil water (0.13 mm/mm), D was soil water deficit (mm), R was rainfall (mm), and I was irrigation (mm). Controlled levels of water application ranging between 0% and 200% of the model rate were created with drip tapes. Four and seven irrigations were scheduled in 1996 and 1998, respectively. For both years, no interaction between irrigation regime and nitrogen rate was observed. Irrigation rate significantly influenced total yield and marketable yield (R2 > 0.88, P < 0.01). Highest total yields occurred at 99% and 86% of the model rate in 1996 and 1998, respectively. These results show that supplementing rainfall with irrigation and controlling the amount of water applied by adjusting irrigation to actual weather conditions increased potato marketable yield. Over the 2-year period of the study, an average additional profit of $563/ha/year was calculated from costs and returns due to irrigation, suggesting that drip-irrigation may be economical for potato production.

ASSESSMENT OF SOYBEAN SELECTION NUMBERS

1970 ◽  
pp. 24-26
Author(s):  
Е. V. Gureeva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Plant Seed ◽  
Oil Crops ◽  
European Part Of Russia ◽  
Seed Growing

In modern world plant growing soybeans are among the most important protein-oil crops and continue to gain popularity among Russian farmers. The total area under soybean in season 17/18 increased to 2.64 million hectares (+ 18% against season 16/17), with an increase of 21% in the European part of Russia, and 1.64 million tons of oilseeds were harvested. To obtain a high yield with good seed quality, it is very important to create very early, highly productive, ecologically adapted varieties for specific soil and climatic conditions. In the conditions of the Institute of Seed Growing and Agrotechnology - the branch of the FBBUU FNAC VIM in 2013-2017. in breeding nurseries an analysis of the variability of quantitative soybean characteristics was carried out. It has been established that such a feature as the duration of the growing season is characterized by weak variability (6.1%). The average variable characteristics include the number of productive nodes on the plant, the mass of seeds from 1 plant and the mass of 1000 seeds. The widest range of variability (27.3-41.8%) is observed in terms of: plant height, number of branches and beans on the plant, seed yield. In our studies, the lowest coefficient of variation (Cv) was found in the George variety - 24.8%. Studies have shown that the yield of seed varieties of varieties over the years ranged from 0.79 to 3.04 t / ha. The evaluation of the soybean breeding material for productivity in different years of research in meteorological conditions showed that the most productive and stable, irrespective of weather conditions, are H 24/11 and H 2/14 varieties with a vegetation period of 102 days.

FERTILIZES EFFECTIVENESS DEPENDING ON WEATHER CONDITION UNDER POTATOES CULTIVATION ON DRAINED LANDS

1970 ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
L. I. Petrova ◽  
Yu. I. Mitrofanov ◽  
N. K. Pervushina ◽  
V. N. Lapushkina
Keyword(s):  
Potato Crop ◽  
Weather Condition ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Closed Drainage ◽  
Favorable State ◽  
Potato Crops

The article presents the results of studies in 2011-2019. to study the effect of various fertilizer norms, weather conditions on the yield and quality of potato products, soil water regime, photosynthetic activity, payment of 1 kg a.v. fertilizers with a crop increase in the conditions of the Tver region. The experiment is based on sod-podzolic light loamy drained soil with closed drainage. Potatoes were grown in 3 variants: without fertilizers, average norms and high norms. Weather conditions during the years of research (according to G.T. Selyaninov) are divided into groups: excessively humid, moist and arid. The moisture content of the arable layer of the soil under planting of potatoes, according to the gradations of these years, the average vegetation period was 73, 60, 39% of the lowest moisture capacity. A more favorable state of the water-air regime of the soil during the cultivation of potatoes according to the ridge technology during the growing season was formed in excessively wet years, in the wet years the plants experienced a lack of moisture in certain phases, especially during the period from tuberization  to ripening. In dry years, plants experienced a large lack of moisture throughout the growing season. On average, according to the experimental variants, a higher potato crop was formed in excessively wet years compared to wet years by 21%, and with dry ones by 68%. The use of fertilizers had a positive effect on the formation of potato crops and depended on weather conditions. A greater effect from the use of fertilizers was noted in excessively wet years, with average rates the yield increased by 32.2 t / ha, at high - by 41.5, in wet - by 10.3 and 14.9, respectively, in dry - by 11.0 and 16.8. The share of weather conditions in crop variability was 23%, fertilizers - 61%.

scholarly journals Univariate and multivariate procedures for agronomic evaluation of organically grown tomato cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline C Araujo ◽  
Samuel FP Telhado ◽  
Rogério H Sakai ◽  
Carlos AS Ledo ◽  
Paulo CT Melo
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Worldwide Production ◽  
Multivariate Procedures ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Organically Grown

ABSTRACT Tomato is one of the most important crops, the worldwide production in 2012 reached 161.8 million tons. Considering the lack of agronomic information on already available cultivars as well as on the varieties under development by breeding programs for organic systems, the objectives of this work were determine the yield components of 14 tomato cultivars in the organic system, through univariate and multivariate analysis. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replications and five plants per plot. Evaluations consisted of total, marketable and non-marketable yield and number of marketable fruits per plant, in 2010. We carried out analysis of variance, using test F 5%. The effect of cultivar was fixed and the block effect was random. Then, means were ranked according to Scott-Knott 5%. Differences among cultivars were significant for total yield, number of marketable fruits per plant and marketable yield. The mean for total yield among cultivars was 51 t/ha and for marketable yield was 41 t/ha. Cultivars IAC 1 and Santa Clara were the least dissimilar (0.38). On the other hand, cultivars HTV 0601 and IAC 3 were the most dissimilar (10.63). The score dispersion graph showed two distinct groups. The second group contained cultivars HTV 0601, Granadero, Bari and Netuno, which stood out in the evaluation for the organic production system, presenting the highest total yield, marketable yield and number of marketable fruits per plant. Multivariate analysis was effective in identifying clusters of cultivars.

scholarly journals Yield of Two Hydroponically Grown Tomato Cultivars as Affected by Transplanting Stage or Direct Seeding

HortScience ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 438-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Makgose Maboko ◽  
Christian Phillipus Du Plooy
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Direct Seeding ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Leaf Stage ◽  
Direct Seeded ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Fresh And Dry Mass ◽  
Hydroponically Grown

Direct seeding or transplanting younger seedlings should reduce costs in hydroponic systems. A 2-year study (2011–12 and 2012–13) was conducted to determine yield of two hydroponically grown tomato cultivars using transplanted seedlings at different growth stages vs. direct seeding. An open bag, using 10-L plastic bags filled with sawdust, was used for direct seeding and transplanting of seedlings at two-, four- or six-leaf stages. Data were collected on early marketable, early total, total, total marketable and cull yield as well as plant fresh and dry mass. In 2011–12, there was increased early marketable and total yields from direct-seeded plants or plants transplanted at the two- or four-leaf stage. Cultivar FA593 produced a higher early marketable yield and total yield compared with ‘Linares’. In 2012–13, the highest early marketable and total yields were for plants developed from those transplanted at the two-leaf stage or from those developed from direct seeding. There was no difference between cultivars on marketable and total yield. Cultivar Linares produced the highest plant fresh and dry mass. Early yield can be induced by direct seeding or transplanting seedlings at the two-true leaf stage with no significant effect on total yield and marketable yield. Direct-seeded plants, or transplanting seedlings at the two-leaf stage, will benefit growers by producing tomatoes earlier for the market while eliminating or reducing transplant shock.

scholarly journals The effect of hydrothermal coefficient on productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness

2020 ◽  
pp. 8-12
Author(s):  
G. Ya. Krivosheev ◽  
N. A. Shevchenko
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Vegetation Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Hydrothermal Coefficient ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Early Ripening ◽  
Growing Conditions

The improvement of the breeding programs, selection of the optimal group of ripeness depends on the soil and climatic conditions for which varieties and hybrids are developed. One of the most important indicators of climatic conditions is the hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). The purpose of the current study was to analyze the effect of HTC on the productivity of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness. The studies were carried out in 2014–2019 at the Agricultural Research Center “Donskoy” located in the southern zone of the Rostov Region, characterized by unstable moisture. The objects of the study were 96 interlinear maize hybrids of three groups of ripeness, namely an early ripening group (FAO 150), a middle-early ripening group (FAO 200) and a middle ripening group (FAO 300). There was a systematic use of variants in the trials. The weather conditions of the years 2014 and 2018 could be estimated as arid (HTC = 0.32–0.57). The years 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2019 were of medium aridity (HTC = 0.58–0.89). The HTC determined only for the entire vegetation period did not allow estimating objectively the growing conditions. There has been required a more detailed analysis of the HTC for the periods (months) of vegetation. On average, over the years of study, the middle ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the largest grain productivity (3.98 t/ha). The early ripening maize hybrids were characterized with the smallest productivity (3.31 t/ha). The middle-early ripening hybrids were characterized with the average value (3.80 t/ha). However, in different years, the maximum grain yields were produced by the hybrids of various groups of ripeness, including by the early ripening varieties, that depended on the amount of HTC in different vegetation periods. There have been identified average positive correlation coefficients between the HTC values and maize hybrids’ productivity (r = 0.64–0.74). The use of maize hybrids of various groups of ripeness can stabilize the gross harvest of maize.

scholarly journals Requeima do tomateiro: Severidade e perdas em diferentes cultivares em sistema orgânico de produção

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 156
Author(s):  
Carlos Antonio dos Santos ◽  
Evandro Silva Pereira Costa ◽  
Margarida Goréte Ferreira Do Carmo
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Lower Severity ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Severity Of The Disease

<p>Tendo em vista os danos causados pela requeima (<em>Phytophthora infestans</em>) ao tomateiro e as dificuldades de manejo desta doença em sistemas orgânicos de produção, objetivou-se quantificar o progresso da doença e a produção de dez cultivares de tomateiro em condições de campo em sistema orgânico. Avaliaram-se oito cultivares mais dois padrões, Débora Plus e Perinha Água Branca (PAB), suscetível e resistente à doença, respectivamente. Quantificou-se a severidade da doença em dez avaliações e calcularam-se as áreas abaixo das curvas de progresso da requeima (AACPR). A produção foi aferida em seis colheitas e com base nestas determinaram-se produtividade, número e massa fresca média dos frutos e a sua qualidade comercial. Adotou-se delineamento de blocos casualizados com quatro repetições. Os híbridos Lumi, Serato, Dominador e Forty apresentaram AACPR significativamente superiores ao padrão Débora Plus (579,27), enquanto Mascot foi equivalente estatisticamente a este. Menor AACPR foi observada em Santa Clara, Kada e Jumbo (183,50 a 250,56) que não diferiram do padrão resistente, PAB (14,74). A produtividade, total e comercial, de Lumi, Serato, Forty e Dominador foi equivalente ou inferior à de cultivares mais antigas, como Kada, e de cultivares do grupo cereja, como Mascot e PAB. A cultivar PAB, apesar da menor produtividade total (0,69 kg.planta<sup>-1</sup>), apresentou produtividade comercial (0,65 kg.planta<sup>-1</sup>) equivalente ou superior ao da maioria das cultivares (0,32 a 0,67 kg.planta<sup>-1</sup>). Os híbridos Lumi, Serato, Dominador e Forty são altamente suscetíveis a requeima e podem ter sua produtividade severamente comprometida pela doença em sistemas orgânicos.<strong> </strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em>Tomato late blight: Severity and losses in different cultivars in organic system</em></strong></p><p><strong>Abstract</strong><strong>: </strong>In view of the damage caused by late blight (<em>Phytophthora infestans</em>)  on tomato and the difficulties in controlling this disease in organic systems, it was aimed quantify their progress and effects on production on ten tomato cultivars under organic system. Eight cultivars and two standards, Débora Plus and Perinha Água Branca  (PAB), susceptible and resistant to disease, respectively, were evaluated. Quantified the severity of the disease in ten evaluations and were calculated the areas under the curves progress of the disease (AUDPC). The production was measured in six harvests and, based on these, were determined productivity, the number and fresh weight average of the fruits and their commercial quality. Was adopted design of randomized blocks with four replications. The Lumi, Serato, Dominator and Forty hybrids presented AUDPC significantly higher than the standard Débora Plus (579.27), while Mascot was statistically equivalent to this. Lower severity was observed in Santa Clara, Kada and Jumbo (183.50 to 250.56), which did not differ from resistant standard, PAB (14.74). Productivity, total and commercial, of Lumi, Serato, Forty and Dominator hybrids was equivalent or lower than older cultivars, as Kada, and cherry group cultivars such as Mascot and PAB. The cultivar PAB, despite the lower total yield (0.69 kg.plant<sup>-1</sup>), marketable yield (0.65 kg.plant<sup>-1</sup>) showed equivalent or higher than that of most varieties (0.32 to 0.67 kg.plant<sup>-1</sup>). The Lumi, Serato, Dominador and Forty hybrids was highly susceptible to late blight and can have their productivity severely compromised by the disease in organic systems.</p>

scholarly journals FIELD PERFORMANCE AND SENSORY ANALYSIS OF EARLY TO MIDSEASON TOMATO CULTIVARS

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 252d-252
Author(s):  
D. Handley ◽  
M. Schupp ◽  
T. Work ◽  
R. Work ◽  
A. Bushway
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Sensory Analysis ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Fruit Size ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Small Fruit ◽  
Northern New England ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
External Characteristics

Twelve early to midseason ripening tomato cultivars were evaluated for early and total marketable yield, fruit size, and external characteristics under the cool, short growing season of northern New England. The acceptability of external and internal color, texture, and flavor of four cultivars was evaluated by a sensory panel of 50 members. There was little difference between cultivars in total yield. This was probably due to an early frost that destroyed much of the later ripening fruit. `Summerset' had the highest early and overall yields but the smallest fruit size. `Johnny's 361` had high overall yield and large fruit with good early yields. `Pilgrim' had high early yield, good overall yield, and fair fruit size. `Jetstar' and `Daybreak' fell into the middle of the range for total yield and fruit size, but `Jetstar' had very low early yield. `Pik Red' and `Pik Rite' had low early and total yields but good fruit size. `Moreton Hybrid' had fair early and total yields and small fruit size. In the sensory analysis, `Sunrise' had the highest rated external color, while `Moreton Hybrid' had the lowest rating. Internal color ratings did not vary greatly, although `Sunrise' was least acceptable in this characteristic. `Jetstar' was rated highest for flavor and texture, followed by `Moreton Hybrid', `Sunrise', and `Valley Girl'.

scholarly journals SEED REPRODUCTION OF PHLOX PANICULATA L. IN PERM REGION CLIMATIC CONDITIONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
S. A. Shumikhin ◽  
◽  
M. A. Chertkova ◽  
L. V. Aksenova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Temperature ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Seed Productivity ◽  
Large Variability ◽  
Phlox Paniculata ◽  
Insect Pollinators ◽  
Complex Hybrid ◽  
Seed Propagation ◽  
Perm Region

During 2015-2018 in the conditions of the Perm region, the seed productivity of 6 varieties Phlox paniculata L. has been studied. The effectiveness of seed production and the success of seed propagation of the phlox depend on the weather conditions strongly, in particular on the air temperature and the amount of precipitation at the corresponding stages of plant development. This is determined by the activity of insect pollinators and effectiveness of pollination. In addition, the large variability of the studied indices in different flox cultivars is probably due to their complex hybrid nature, which reduces their reproductive abilities to varying degrees.

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