In Vivo Imaging of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms:Increased FDG Uptake Suggests Inflammation in the Aneurysm Wall

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Truijers ◽  
Harrie A. J. M. Kurvers ◽  
Sebastian J. H. Bredie ◽  
Wim J. G. Oyen ◽  
Jan D. Blankensteijn
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Aneurysm Wall ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

scholarly journals Saccular Aneurysm Models Featuring Growth and Rupture: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serge Marbacher ◽  
Stefan Wanderer ◽  
Fabio Strange ◽  
Basil E. Grüter ◽  
Javier Fandino
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Saccular Aneurysm ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Aneurysm Wall ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Small Subgroup ◽  
Aortic Artery

Background. Most available large animal extracranial aneurysm models feature healthy non-degenerated aneurysm pouches with stable long-term follow-ups and extensive healing reactions after endovascular treatment. This review focuses on a small subgroup of extracranial aneurysm models that demonstrated growth and potential rupture during follow-up. Methods. The literature was searched in Medline/Pubmed to identify extracranial in vivo saccular aneurysm models featuring growth and rupture, using a predefined search strategy in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. From eligible studies we extracted the following details: technique and location of aneurysm creation, aneurysm pouch characteristics, time for model creation, growth and rupture rate, time course, patency rate, histological findings, and associated morbidity and mortality. Results. A total of 20 articles were found to describe growth and/or rupture of an experimentally created extracranial saccular aneurysm during follow-up. Most frequent growth was reported in rats (n = 6), followed by rabbits (n = 4), dogs (n = 4), swine (n = 5), and sheep (n = 1). Except for two studies reporting growth and rupture within the abdominal cavity (abdominal aortic artery; n = 2) all other aneurysms were located at the neck of the animal. The largest growth rate, with an up to 10-fold size increase, was found in a rat abdominal aortic sidewall aneurysm model. Conclusions. Extracranial saccular aneurysm models with growth and rupture are rare. Degradation of the created aneurysmal outpouch seems to be a prerequisite to allow growth, which may ultimately lead to rupture. Since it has been shown that the aneurysm wall is important for healing after endovascular therapy, it is likely that models featuring growth and rupture will gain in interest for preclinical testing of novel endovascular therapies.

In Vivo Imaging of the Aneurysm Wall With MRI and a Macrophage-Specific Contrast Agent

2009 ◽  
Vol 193 (5) ◽  
pp. W437-W441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Truijers ◽  
Jurgen J. Fütterer ◽  
Satoru Takahashi ◽  
Roel A. Heesakkers ◽  
Jan D. Blankensteijn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contrast Agent ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Aneurysm Wall

scholarly journals Tropoelastin: an in vivo imaging marker of dysfunctional matrix turnover during abdominal aortic dilation

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begoña Lavin ◽  
Sara Lacerda ◽  
Marcelo E Andia ◽  
Silvia Lorrio ◽  
Robert Bakewell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Gene Knockout ◽  
Aortic Dilation ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Enhanced Mri ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Abstract Aims Dysfunctional matrix turnover is present at sites of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and leads to the accumulation of monomeric tropoelastin rather than cross-linked elastin. We used a gadolinium-based tropoelastin-specific magnetic resonance contrast agent (Gd-TESMA) to test whether quantifying regional tropoelastin turnover correlates with aortic expansion in a murine model. The binding of Gd-TESMA to excised human AAA was also assessed. Methods and results We utilized the angiotensin II (Ang II)-infused apolipoprotein E gene knockout (ApoE−/−) murine model of aortic dilation and performed in vivo imaging of tropoelastin by administering Gd-TESMA followed by late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and T1 mapping at 3 T, with subsequent ex vivo validation. In a cross-sectional study (n = 66; control = 11, infused = 55) we found that Gd-TESMA enhanced MRI was elevated and confined to dilated aortic segments (control: LGE=0.13 ± 0.04 mm2, control R1= 1.1 ± 0.05 s−1 vs. dilated LGE =1.0 ± 0.4 mm2, dilated R1 =2.4 ± 0.9 s−1) and was greater in segments with medium (8.0 ± 3.8 mm3) and large (10.4 ± 4.1 mm3) compared to small (3.6 ± 2.1 mm3) vessel volume. Furthermore, a proof-of-principle longitudinal study (n = 19) using Gd-TESMA enhanced MRI demonstrated a greater proportion of tropoelastin: elastin expression in dilating compared to non-dilating aortas, which correlated with the rate of aortic expansion. Treatment with pravastatin and aspirin (n = 10) did not reduce tropoelastin turnover (0.87 ± 0.3 mm2 vs. 1.0 ± 0.44 mm2) or aortic dilation (4.86 ± 2.44 mm3 vs. 4.0 ± 3.6 mm3). Importantly, Gd-TESMA-enhanced MRI identified accumulation of tropoelastin in excised human aneurysmal tissue (n = 4), which was confirmed histologically. Conclusion Tropoelastin MRI identifies dysfunctional matrix remodelling that is specifically expressed in regions of aortic aneurysm or dissection and correlates with the development and rate of aortic expansion. Thus, it may provide an additive imaging marker to the serial assessment of luminal diameter for surveillance of patients at risk of or with established aortopathy.

Effect of Thrombus in AAA on Pressure and Dilation Experienced by the Aneurysm Wall

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mano J. Thubrikar ◽  
Francis Robicsek ◽  
Michel Labrosse ◽  
Vassil Chervenkoff ◽  
Brett L. Fowler
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Diameter ◽  
Pressure Measurements ◽  
Indication For Surgery ◽  
Intraluminal Thrombus ◽  
Aneurysm Wall ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Before And After

Abstract Various factors are considered to play a role in the risk of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture. For instance, a maximum diameter of 7 cm is commonly used as an indication for surgery. There is a need for understanding what makes an aneurysm most likely to rupture. Our focus here is on the role of the intraluminal thrombus and how it affects the pressure and dilation experienced by the aneurysm wall. Since in most of the surgical procedures, the whole aneurysms are almost never removed, the data on the whole aneurysms with thrombus has not been available. The results presented here, therefore, are very important even though they come from a small number of whole aneurysms explored thoroughly. Two types of studies were performed: 1) in vitro and in vivo pressure measurements through the thrombus in three complete AAA, and 2) in vitro dilation measurements during pressurization of two whole aneurysms before and after the thrombus was removed.

IN VIVO IMAGING OF INFLAMMATION IN THE WALL OF ABDOMINAL AORTIC ANEURYSMS

2008 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-179
Author(s):  
M. Truijers ◽  
H.A. Kurvers ◽  
S.J. Bredie ◽  
W.J. Oyen ◽  
J.D. Blankensteijn
Keyword(s):  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

scholarly journals In-Vivo Imaging of Changes in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Thrombus Volume During the Cardiac Cycle

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarten Truijers ◽  
Mark F. Fillinger ◽  
Klaas Jan W. Renema ◽  
Steven P. Marra ◽  
Luuk J. Oostveen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
In Vivo Imaging ◽  
Cardiac Cycle ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

An Automated Methdology for Investigating the Correlation Between Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Wall Stress and Risk of Rupture

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhavan L. Raghavan ◽  
Mark F. Fillinger ◽  
Steven P. Marra ◽  
Francis E. Kennedy
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Wall Stress ◽  
Aneurysm Rupture ◽  
Aneurysm Wall ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Risk Of Rupture ◽  
Scan Data ◽  
Biomechanical Approach

Abstract Clinical experience with regard to predicting abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) rupture has shown that although AAA diameter is a good indicator, there are likely other risk factors. Some researchers have explored a biomechanical approach to predicting aneurysm rupture risk [1,2] based on the hypothesis that aneurysm rupture occurs when the mechanical stresses in the aortic wall exceed the wall failure strength. Therefore, knowledge of wall stresses in a particular AAA may help identify impending rupture. Recently, researchers have used patients’ abdominal CT scan data and blood pressure to estimate in-vivo AAA wall stresses [3]. In the present project, an improved automated methodology is used to predict AAA wall stress. The underlying correlation between mechanical stress and aneurysm wall rupture is also investigated.

scholarly journals Greater aortic inflammation and calcification in abdominal aortic aneurysmal disease than atherosclerosis: a prospective matched cohort study

Open Heart ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e001141
Author(s):  
Nikhil V Joshi ◽  
Maysoon Elkhawad ◽  
Rachael O Forsythe ◽  
Olivia M B McBride ◽  
Nikil K Rajani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tracer Uptake ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Intraluminal Thrombus ◽  
Fdg Uptake ◽  
Aneurysm Wall ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Fdg Pet Ct

ObjectiveUsing combined positron emission tomography and CT (PET-CT), we measured aortic inflammation and calcification in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), and compared them with matched controls with atherosclerosis.MethodsWe prospectively recruited 63 patients (mean age 76.1±6.8 years) with asymptomatic aneurysm disease (mean size 4.33±0.73 cm) and 19 age-and-sex-matched patients with confirmed atherosclerosis but no aneurysm. Inflammation and calcification were assessed using combined 18F-FDG PET-CT and quantified using tissue-to-background ratios (TBRs) and Agatston scores.ResultsIn patients with AAA, 18F-FDG uptake was higher within the aneurysm than in other regions of the aorta (mean TBRmax2.23±0.46 vs 2.12±0.46, p=0.02). Compared with atherosclerotic control subjects, both aneurysmal and non-aneurysmal aortae showed higher 18F-FDG accumulation (total aorta mean TBRmax2.16±0.51 vs 1.70±0.22, p=0.001; AAA mean TBRmax2.23±0.45 vs 1.68±0.21, p<0.0001). Aneurysms containing intraluminal thrombus demonstrated lower 18F-FDG uptake within their walls than those without (mean TBRmax2.14±0.43 vs 2.43±0.45, p=0.018), with thrombus itself showing low tracer uptake (mean TBRmax thrombus 1.30±0.48 vs aneurysm wall 2.23±0.46, p<0.0001). Calcification in the aneurysmal segment was higher than both non-aneurysmal segments in patients with aneurysm (Agatston 4918 (2901–8008) vs 1017 (139–2226), p<0.0001) and equivalent regions in control patients (442 (304-920) vs 166 (80-374) Agatston units per cm, p=0.0042).ConclusionsThe entire aorta is more inflamed in patients with aneurysm than in those with atherosclerosis, perhaps suggesting a generalised inflammatory aortopathy in patients with aneurysm. Calcification was prominent within the aneurysmal sac, with the remainder of the aorta being relatively spared. The presence of intraluminal thrombus, itself metabolically relatively inert, was associated with lower levels of inflammation in the adjacent aneurysmal wall.

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