A Review of the In Vivo and In Vitro Biomechanical Behavior and Performance of Postoperative Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms and Implanted Stent-Grafts

2008 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 468-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Corbett ◽  
Anthony Callanan ◽  
Liam G. Morris ◽  
Barry J. Doyle ◽  
Pierce A. Grace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Stent Grafts ◽  
Biomechanical Behavior ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
And Performance

The Development of Physiological Compliant Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Models for In Vitro Flow Studies

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy J. Corbett ◽  
Barry J. Doyle ◽  
Anthony Callanan ◽  
Tim M. McGloughlin
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Aortic Aneurysm ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Flow Loop ◽  
The Past ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

A vast amount of experimental research has been undertaken in the past decade to investigate different aspects of preoperative and postoperative abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs). Much of this research has been based on the use of mock arteries in an in vitro flow loop to mimic the behaviour of the abdominal aorta in vivo [1]. These models should be reproducible, have consistent material properties, consistent thickness and be physiological in behaviour.

scholarly journals Targeting the Extracellular Matrix in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms Using Molecular Imaging Insights

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2685
Author(s):  
Lisa Adams ◽  
Julia Brangsch ◽  
Bernd Hamm ◽  
Marcus R. Makowski ◽  
Sarah Keller
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Matrix ◽  
Molecular Imaging ◽  
Molecular Targets ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Type I ◽  
Target Tissue ◽  
Pharmacologic Treatment ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

This review outlines recent preclinical and clinical advances in molecular imaging of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) with a focus on molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In addition, developments in pharmacologic treatment of AAA targeting the ECM will be discussed and results from animal studies will be contrasted with clinical trials. Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is an often fatal disease without non-invasive pharmacologic treatment options. The ECM, with collagen type I and elastin as major components, is the key structural component of the aortic wall and is recognized as a target tissue for both initiation and the progression of AAA. Molecular imaging allows in vivo measurement and characterization of biological processes at the cellular and molecular level and sets forth to visualize molecular abnormalities at an early stage of disease, facilitating novel diagnostic and therapeutic pathways. By providing surrogate criteria for the in vivo evaluation of the effects of pharmacological therapies, molecular imaging techniques targeting the ECM can facilitate pharmacological drug development. In addition, molecular targets can also be used in theranostic approaches that have the potential for timely diagnosis and concurrent medical therapy. Recent successes in preclinical studies suggest future opportunities for clinical translation. However, further clinical studies are needed to validate the most promising molecular targets for human application.

Abstract 107: Depletion of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Inhibits Experimental Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

2016 ◽  
Vol 36 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Baohui Xu ◽  
Haojun Xuan ◽  
Naoki Fujimura ◽  
Sara A Michie ◽  
Ronald L Dalman
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Myeloid Cells ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Major Type ◽  
Abdominal Aortic

Introduction: Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) manifest histologic features consistent with other chronic inflammatory diseases. Infiltrating mural myeloid cells (e.g. macrophages) are already recognized as important contributors to aneurysm pathogenesis, however, the role of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC), major type 1 interferon-producing myeloid cells involving in autoimmune diseases and atherosclerosis, has not been previously investigated in this context. Methods and Results: AAAs were created in 12 week old male C57BL/6J mice by transient intra-aortic infusion of porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE). AAA development and progression were assessed via serial ultrasound determination of aortic diameter in vivo , and histology at sacrifice. The fraction of circulating leukocytes identified as pDCs was significantly increased immediately following PPE infusion (aneurysm initiation). Treatment with mPDCA-1 mAb (400 μg i.p. q.o.d.), beginning one day prior to PPE infusion, depleted more than 90% of bone marrow, spleen and peripheral blood pDCs (data not shown) and suppressed subsequent aneurysm development and progression compared to that noted in PPE-infused mice treated with control mAb. mPDCA-1 treatment promoted aortic medial elastin and smooth muscle preservation, while limiting mural macrophage accumulation and neocapillary formation. Conclusion: These findings suggest a role for plasmacytoid dendritic cells in promoting the initiation and progression of experimental abdominal aortic aneurysms.

Abstract 116: Simvastatin Affects Monocyte Adhesion and Infiltrative Activity in Patients With Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

2014 ◽  
Vol 34 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiana M Samadzadeh ◽  
Anthony Nguyen ◽  
Kevin C Chun ◽  
Eugene S Lee
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Statin Treatment ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Monocyte Adhesion ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Monocyte Cell ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Statin Drugs ◽  
Monocyte Adherence

Purpose: The pleiotropic effects of statin drugs on reducing inflammation have been well regarded in decreasing AAA expansion. We hypothesize that increased monocyte activity plays a central role in AAA formation and expansion. This study examines whether statins can prevent monocyte cell adhesion, transmigration, and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and inhibitor (TIMP) concentrations in AAA patients compared to non-AAA patients. Methods: Peripheral blood was collected for monocyte and serum isolation from control (n=4) and AAA (n=8) patients. Monocyte adhesion and transmigration were assessed under untreated, statin treated, and statin + mevalonate (statin inhibitor) treated conditions in vitro. Luminex assays determined MMP and TIMP concentrations from cell culture and patient serum. Results: Untreated AAA patient monocytes showed higher levels of adhesion (p=0.05) and transmigration (p=0.04) compared to control subjects (Figure 1A & 1B). Statin treatment caused a decrease in AAA monocyte adherence to the endothelium (p=0.03) and high concentrations of mevalonate reversed statin treatment effects (p=0.04) (Figure 1A). A similar trend was noted in monocyte transmigration (Figure 1B). Higher concentrations of MMP-9 were found in AAA patient serum compared to controls (p=0.01) (Figure 1C). TIMP-4 concentration were decreased in AAA patients compared to controls (p=0.02) (Figure 1D). Conclusions: Statins reduce monocyte interaction with the endothelium in vitro, leading to decreased levels of MMP-9 and increased levels of TIMP-4, implying a possible mechanism by which statins reduce AAA expansion.

Method for Incorporating Three-Dimensional Residual Stresses Into Patient-Specific Simulations of Arteries

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Pierce ◽  
Thomas E. Fastl ◽  
Hannah Weisbecker ◽  
Gerhard A. Holzapfel ◽  
Borja Rodriguez-Vila ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Imaging ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Constitutive Models ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Model Geometry ◽  
Reconstructed Model

Through progress in medical imaging, image analysis and finite element (FE) meshing tools it is now possible to extract patient-specific geometries from medical images of, e.g., abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs), and thus to study clinically relevant problems via FE simulations. Medical imaging is most often performed in vivo, and hence the reconstructed model geometry in the problem of interest will represent the in vivo state, e.g., the AAA at physiological blood pressure. However, classical continuum mechanics and FE methods assume that constitutive models and the corresponding simulations start from an unloaded, stress-free reference condition.

scholarly journals Helical CT Angiography of Stent-Grafts in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms: Morphologic Changes and Complications

Radiographics ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 1573-1583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Tillich ◽  
Klaus A. Hausegger ◽  
Kurt Tiesenhausen ◽  
Josef Tauss ◽  
Reinhard Groell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Angiography ◽  
Helical Ct ◽  
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Aortic Aneurysms ◽  
Stent Grafts ◽  
Abdominal Aortic ◽  
Morphologic Changes ◽  
Helical Ct Angiography
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